QUANTITY

ARRANGED BY :

GROUP 7 : 1. Adjie Satrio

2. Aisyah Amini Reformis Intelekta
3. Nuri
4. Roy Oktavianus
5. Zelika

SUPERVISOR : Sherly Marliasari, S.Pd M.Pd

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH
PALEMBANG
2017
 TABEL OF CONTENTS

Table of contents……………………………………………………………. i
Prevace……………………………………………………………………… ii
CHAPTER I PRIMINARY………………………………………………… 1
A. Background of the problem…………………………..……………... 1
B. Formulation of the problem…………………………………………. 1
C. Purpose of the problem……………………………………………… 1

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION……………………………………………… 2
A. Quantity………………...……………………………….................... 2
B. Quantitative structure ………………………………………………. 2
C. Quantity in mathematics ……………………………………………. 3
D. Quantity in physical science ………………………………………… 3
E. Quantity in natural language………………………………………… 3

CHAPTER III CLOSSING………………………………………………... . 5

A. Conclution………………………………………………………….... 5
B. Suggestion………………………………………………………….... 5
 PREVACE

Thank to Almight God who has gives His bless to the writer for finishing the English
paper assignment and title “quantity”. The writer also wish to express his deepand sincere
gratitude for those who have guided in completing this paper. The prosedur in using quantity
is provided in this paper. Those quantity also can be used as the guidance for those want to
teach English reading through quantity. Hopefully, this paper can help the readers to expand
their knowledge about English reading.
 CHAPTER I
PREMINARY

A. Background of the Problem

Quantity is a property that can exist as a multitude or magnitude. Quantities can be compared
in terms of "more", "less", or "equal", or by assigning a numerical value in terms of a unit of
measurement. Quantity is among the basic classes of things along with quality, substance,
change, and relation.

Thus quantity is a property that exists in a range of magnitudes or multitudes. Mass,

time, distance, heat, and angular separation are among the familiar examples of quantitative
properties. Two magnitudes of a continuous quantity stand in relation to one another as a
ratio which is a real number.

B. Formulation of the Problem

 What is the meaning quantity?
 The notion of quantity in mathematics?

C. Purpose of the Proble

 Know about meaning quantity
 How to apply cuantity?
 CAHPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. QUANTITY

Quantity is a property that can exist as a multitude or magnitude. Quantities can be

compared in terms of "more", "less", or "equal", or by assigning a numerical value in terms of
a unit of measurement. Quantity is among the basic classes of things along with quality,
substance, change, and relation. Some quantities are such by their inner nature (as number),
while others are functioning as states (properties, dimensions, attributes) of things such as
heavy and light, long and short, broad and narrow, small and great, or much and little. A
small quantity is sometimes referred to as a quantulum.

Two basic divisions of quantity, magnitude and multitude, imply the principal
distinction between continuity (continuum) and discontinuity.

Under the name of multitude come what is discontinuous and discrete and divisible
into indivisibles, all cases of collective nouns: army, fleet, flock, government, company, party,
people, chorus, crowd, mess, and number. Under the name of magnitude come what is
continuous and unified and divisible into divisibles, all cases of non-collective nouns: matter,
mass, energy, liquid, material.

Along with analyzing its nature and classification, the issues of quantity involve such
closely related topics as the relation of magnitudes and multitudes, dimensionality, equality,
proportion, the measurements of quantities, the units of measurements, number and
numbering systems, the types of numbers and their relations to each other as numerical ratios.

Thus quantity is a property that exists in a range of magnitudes or multitudes. Mass,

time, distance, heat, and angular separation are among the familiar examples of quantitative
properties. Two magnitudes of a continuous quantity stand in relation to one another as a
ratio which is a real number.

B. Quantitative structure

Continuous quantities possess a particular structure that was first explicitly

characterized by Hölder (1901) as a set of axioms that define such features as
identities and relationsbetween magnitudes. In science, quantitative structure is the subject
of empirical investigation and cannot be assumed to exist a priori for any given property.
The linear continuumrepresents the prototype of continuous quantitative structure as
characterized by Hölder (1901) (translated in Michell & Ernst, 1996). A fundamental feature
of any type of quantity is that the relationships of equality or inequality can in principle be
stated in comparisons between particular magnitudes, unlike quality, which is marked by
likeness, similarity and difference, diversity. Another fundamental feature is additivity.

C. Quantity in mathematics

The mathematical usage of a quantity can then be varied and so is situationally

dependent. Quantities can be used as being infinitesimal, arguments of a function, variables
in an expression (independent or dependent), or probabilistic as in random
and stochastic quantities. In mathematics, magnitudes and multitudes are also not only two
distinct kinds of quantity but furthermore relatable to each other.
Number theory covers the topics of the discrete quantities as numbers: number
systems with their kinds and relations. Geometry studies the issues of spatial magnitudes:
straight lines, curved lines, surfaces and solids, all with their respective measurements and
relationships.
A traditional philosophy of mathematics, stemming from Aristotle and remaining
popular until the eighteenth century, held that mathematics is the "science of quantity".
Quantity was considered to be divided into the discrete (studied by arithmetic) and the
continuous (studied by geometry and later calculus). The theory fits reasonably well
elementary or school mathematics but less well the abstract topological and algebraic
structures of modern mathematics

D. Quantity in physical science

Establishing quantitative structure and relationships between different quantities is the

cornerstone of modern physical sciences. Physics is fundamentally a quantitative science. Its
progress is chiefly achieved due to rendering the abstract qualities of material entities into
physical quantities, by postulating that all material bodies marked by quantitative properties
or physical dimensions are subject to some measurements and observations. Setting the units
of measurement, physics covers such fundamental quantities as space (length, breadth, and
depth) and time, mass and force, temperature, energy, and quantum.
A distinction has also been made between intensive quantity and extensive quantity as
two types of quantitative property, state or relation. The magnitude of an intensive
quantitydoes not depend on the size, or extent, of the object or system of which the quantity
is a property, whereas magnitudes of an extensive quantity are additive for parts of an entity
or subsystems. Thus, magnitude does depend on the extent of the entity or system in the case
of extensive quantity. Examples of intensive quantities are density and pressure, while
examples of extensive quantities are energy, volume, and mass.
 E. Quantity in natural language

In human languages, including English, number is a syntactic category, along

with person and gender. The quantity is expressed by identifiers, definite and indefinite, and
quantifiers, definite and indefinite, as well as by three types of nouns: 1. count unit nouns or
countables; 2. mass nouns, uncountables, referring to the indefinite, unidentified amounts; 3.
nouns of multitude (collective nouns). The word ‘number’ belongs to a noun of multitude
standing either for a single entity or for the individuals making the whole. An amount in
general is expressed by a special class of words called identifiers, indefinite and definite and
quantifiers, definite and indefinite. The amount may be expressed by: singular form and
plural from, ordinal numbers before a count noun singular (first, second, third...), the
demonstratives; definite and indefinite numbers and measurements (hundred/hundreds,
million/millions), or cardinal numbers before count nouns. The set of language quantifiers
covers "a few, a great number, many, several (for count names); a bit of, a little, less, a great
deal (amount) of, much (for mass names); all, plenty of, a lot of, enough, more, most, some,
any, both, each, either, neither, every, no". For the complex case of unidentified amounts, the
parts and examples of a mass are indicated with respect to the following: a measure of a mass
(two kilos of rice and twenty bottles of milk or ten pieces of paper); a piece or part of a mass
(part, element, atom, item, article, drop); or a shape of a container (a basket, box, case, cup,
bottle, vessel, jar).
 CHAPTER III
CLOSSING

A. Conclusion
Thus quantity is a property that exists in a range of magnitudes or multitudes. Mass,
time, distance, heat, and angular separation are among the familiar examples of quantitative
properties. Two magnitudes of a continuous quantity stand in relation to one another as a
ratio which is a real number. Quantity is among the basic classes of things along with quality,
substance, change, and relation. In mathematics, magnitudes and multitudes are also not only
two distinct kinds of quantity but furthermore relatable to each other.

B. Suggestion
Realize that the author is far from perfect words, the future of the author will be more
focused and details explain the above papers with more sources of resources that certainly
can be accounted for. authors expect criticism and suggestions for readers.