Lariosa, Julius Roy S.

THREE PRIMARY SOURCES OF GENETIC

VARIATION
BMLS 3J
 Mutation- change in DNA
Cytogenetics- it is a branch of genetics that
 Gene flow- any movement of gene
deals with the study of chromosome, which
from 1 population to another
are the visible carriers of the hereditary
 Sex-
material. It is a fusion:
 Sex-linked traits (e.g. x-linked-
 Biological science Males are the only affected
 Cytology (cell) population because they have 1
 Genetics (inherited variation) X chromosome)

-Is an evolving field. Focuses on human AREAS OF GENETICS

chromosome, structure, methodology &
 Classical Genetics (based on
techniques for the visualization of
Mendel’s 1st and 2nd laws)
chromosome aberrations
Gregor Mendel- father of genetics
-Chromosome abnormalities
 Law of Segregation
-Current topics in cytogenetics
- states that allele pairs
-Genetic & molecular basis of cancer separate or segregate during
gamete formation, and
randomly unite at fertilization
Genetics- study of heredity and variation
- half from your father and
Heredity- study of transmission of traits and another half from your
biological information between generations mother. Only one trait is
allowed
Variation- are simply differences in genetics  Law of Independent
sequence Assortment
Genotoype- genetic material - stating that when two or
more characteristics are
Phenotype- outcome of genes. Factor that inherited, individual
may affect the outcome of genes: hereditary factors assort
 Environment independently during gamete
production, giving different
Example of genetic variation (within species) traits an equal opportunity of
1. Domesticated species occurring together
2. Human genetics  Molecular Genetics (based on the
3. Natural population Central Dogma of Molecular
Genetics)
Achondroplasia- type of dwarfism  Evolutionary Genetics (based on the
Polydactyly- extra finger theory of Natural Selection proposed
by Charles Darwin)
A. suum- swine parasite; ancestor of A.
lumbricoides that adapts in human