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UNIVERSITY
Shri Sa’d Vidya Mandal
Institute of Technology
THE LOOP
Prof. S. J. Thanki,
(Head of the department)
Academic year: (2016-2017)
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Shri S’ad Vidya Mandal Institute of
Technology
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year 2016-17
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “THE LOOP” has been prepared
by Henil Modi (140450119037), Ikram Memon (140450119038) & Ajay
Jadav (140450119039), in the subject of Design Engineering – 2B under
my guidance in partial fulfillment of the degree of bachelor of
engineering in mechanical engineering (6th semester) of Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2016-17.
Date: / / 2017
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are feeling glad to present our report on “The Loop”. We have divided
the topic into various sub-topics, so that the topics can be arranged &
understood properly. The topics are arranged in proper sequence to
ensure smooth flow of the topic.
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INDEX
Sr. No. Title Page No.
1 Chapter 1 - Introduction To The Loop
1.1 Application Of The Loop 1
1.2 Advantages Of The Loop 1
1.3 System Of The Loop 1
AEIOU - Framework 2
Empathy Mapping 4
Ideation Canvas 5
Product Development Canvas 6
Summary Canvas 6
2 Chapter-2 Literature Review/Secondary
Research
Literature Analysis & Design Reviews 7
3 Chapter 3 - Design Considerations
3.1 Design For Performance, Safety & 8
Reliability
3.2 Design For Ergonomics & Aesthetics 8
3.3 Design For Manufacturability & 9
Assembly (DFMA)
3.4 Design For Cost & Design For 9
Environment
3.5 Design Criteria 10
4 Chapter 4 - Design Procedure & Calculations
4.1 Design Calculations 11
4.2 Parts Of The Loop 12
4.3 List Of Materials 13
5 Chapter 5 - Selection Of Materials, Method
Of Construction, Tools & Equipment
5.1 Selection Of Material 14
5.2 Method Of Construction, Tools & 14
Equipment
6 Chapter 6 - Future Scope
Future Scope & Recommendations 18
7 References 19
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Chapter 1
Introduction to Loop
Today’s life is a speedy, complicated & competitive life & everyone hates to wait even if it’s for a
second. Imagine you are heading to your workplace or your home for dinner or for some important
meeting or for your college & while riding on your bike or scooter you face a flat tire problem! That
would make you annoy you for the whole day, may be even for weeks or months. How disastrous that
could be? But what would if I say there is an instant solution for the flat tire. What would if I say there
is a way through which you can resume your riding vehicle within seconds.
“The Loop” is the instant solution for the flat tire. The Loop is a simple mechanical device that attaches
to your flat tire & allows you either to ride to your destination or help to carry your vehicle to nearby
mechanic’s shop easily.
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AEIOU Canvas
Canvas 1: Hands on exercise on Activities Canvas.
In the 1st canvas, we started with Activities canvas. In this canvas, we stated all the activities of the
people who are directly or indirectly connected with the problem. We came out with all the elements
& points that helped us to give birth to an idea that can change the lives of the people that we meet.
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Canvas 3: Hands on exercise on Interaction Canvas.
In the 3rd canvas, we started with Interaction canvas. In this canvas, we stated all the interactions of
the people who are directly or indirectly connected with the problem with all the thing they interact.
We came out with all the elements & points that interacts with the people associated with the
problem.
Empathy Mapping
Canvas 6: Hands on exercise on Story Boarding Canvas.
Understanding the problem of society is one of the biggest challenges for engineering student as till
now they were making project on imaginary ideas. The 6th canvas session was based on understanding
the domains of the problem in broader sense which emphasized on interacting with the people of
your domain area which included more of casual talk rather than technical session. It focused on
making people comfortable in discussing their problem. And this activity was named as Story
boarding canvassing. Here we would like to explain the aspects of this canvas with the help of the
example taken up by our team. Our domain was “THE LOOP”, as we know there are a number of
people that, become helpless in case of the flat tire. We started with identify the people related to our
domain directly & indirectly. Then list out the activities which are required for “THE LOOP”. As we
need to focus on people’s emotions we wrote happy & Sad Story which helps us to get more attached
with user.
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Figure 1.6: Empathy Mapping
Ideation Canvas
Canvas 7: Hands on exercise on Ideation Canvas.
In 7th canvas, we started with Ideation Canvas where first we started with people, where we simply
thought about the people for whom we want to solve the problem. For our Product we listed the
people like businessman, working women, college student, provision store worker, etc. Then list out
whatever activity every segment of people do. Then thought for context/location/situation & finally
for possible solutions .We conclude that people’s emotions when using an interactive system do not
only influence the current interaction process itself, but also the likelihood of reusing the system in
the future as well as the effectiveness of the application’s intention. So our problem definition which
we wanted to develop a simple small skateboard to accommodate the flat tire i.e. “THE LOOP”.
Summary Canvas
Canvas 9: Hands on exercise on Design Thinking Canvas.
In the 9th canvas, we started with Design thinking Canvas, where we summarized our Product like
people’s reaction towards “THE LOOP”. Multiple problems we listed like space requirement, cost
effectiveness, safety, stronger frame, etc. We had chosen one key problem that was “flat tire”. Multiple
solutions we listed were extension of frame design, increase in length of the device, etc. So we had
chosen key solution that is “THE LOOP”, i.e. a compact loop almost shaped like a skateboard that can
be fitted anywhere easily.
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Chapter 3
Design Considerations
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II. Cognitive Ergonomics – is concerned with the mental ability such as perception,
memory, & reasoning & response power as they affect the interactions between
humans & products/systems.
III. Organizational Ergonomics – is concerned with the optimization of socio-technical
systems including organizational structures, policies & processes.
b. Aesthetics is all about designing for physical appearance (looks) of the product. In current
time, customers are willing to buy the products which have stunning looks with respect to their
competitive products. Design for Aesthetics includes appearance, style, color, form/shape,
visuals & so on.
Thus, designing of the loop must be done in such a way that the factors such as manufacturability,
factory setup, assembly setup are satisfactorily met.
DFM – Design for Manufacturability: The loop or the metal frame was to be built by the designer,
who has limited knowledge & experience in manufacturing. So simplicity of design & ease of
manufacture ruled. Similarly welding of the nuts & then attaching process of the tires & bolting them.
DFA – Design for Assembly: This means manufactured parts can be easily assembled to form a
final product. After designing & manufacturing all components of proposed prototype. We can
easily assemble & make final model.
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Economic considerations in design: Economics played a large factor in the design of the device.
Although the loop is costly for basically one application, but we are trying our best to reduce the total
cost of our project by efficient designing of all components, proper selection of materials & proper
manufacturing process, to make it appeal for its need between the common people.
Environmental & Other Considerations: Environmental & Sustainability criteria did not
significantly impact the design of the device as there are no serious environmental concerns which
arise from the production & use of the loop.
3.5 Design criteria
Using the design considerations, we developed a set of criteria to guide the design & fabrication of the
loop. Criteria were developed based on the perceived feasibility of the project after work completed
in the end. The criteria can be divided into 2 categories, shown in table below which are pertain to
load & materials.
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Chapter 4
Design Procedure & Calculations
∵ There are no horizontal forces, there will be only 4 vertical forces which are equal and will be acting
on the joints due to the symmetrical design.
1079.1
Thus, total weight on a single Teflon tyre of the loop = = 269.775 N.
4
This weight force will be directly transferred from frame to the bolt.
𝐹 269.7775
∴ Stress developed in the Stainless-Steel Bolt 𝜎 = 𝐴 = = 2.3853 N/mm2
𝜋∗60∗60
∵ The ultimate permissible stress for a Stainless-Steel Bolt is 520 to 670 N/mm2.
Here, shear stress & bending moment are zero or very less that they are negligible.
All dimensions
are in cm.
Figure 4.3: A Sample of how the loop is going to fit on the tyre
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3. Nuts & bolts: - They are the joining part for the frame & the tire. The bolts go in the hole made
in the frame & lock the tire with the help of nut.
4. Belt: - Here belt is used to give extra grip to the loop to stay connected to the tire, so it does
not detach due any obstacle on the road.
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Chapter 5
Selection of Materials, Method of construction, Tools & Equipment
Welding.
Polishing.
Bending.
Stitching.
The product is very simple in construction & designed in such a way that it can fit easily in the vehicle.
a. First, we will take an iron/ aluminum/ steel rod of 84.13 cm & then we will bend it in such a
way that it forms an approximate shape of number 0, in such a way that it has 29.5 cm length
on sides & width around 8 cm on both the sides. As shown in the figure.
b. Now join the 2 ends with the help of welding. Here, it is critical to select the welding procedure.
But, in this case we can select any of the oxy-acetylene or electric arc welding.
c. Then drill holes as per design
d. After that we will stitch the belt on any side of the device.
e. After this assemble all the parts & then the product is ready for the use.
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Figure 5.1: The Loop
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Figure 5.3: The front tyre setup
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References
1. https://youtube/2fmESDjT-0Q
2. http://www.wikihow.com/Fix-a-Flat-Tire
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_tire
4. http://www.bicyclinglife.com/HowTo/FixAFlat.htm
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweel
6. http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2013/10/tire-sealants-to-fix-a-flat-
tire/index.htm
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQRnDqGIhzI
8. S.K. Hajra Choudary, A.K. Hajra Choudary, Nirjhar Roy:
“Elements of Workshop Technology Vol1: Manufacturing Processes” & “Elements
of Workshop Technology Vol2: Machine Tools”, Media Promoters & Publishers.
9. O.P. Khanna, “Material Science & Metallurgy”, Dhanpat Rai Publications.
10. Dr. R.P. Rethaliya, “Mechanics of Solids”, Atul Prakashan.
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