Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Ketones
The aim of the experiment is the identification of aldehydes and ketones, knowing the function
Group (Carbonyl Group) and to learn the chemistry of aldehydes and ketones to differentiate
Between them. The experimental procedures are as follows: Testing the function group, checking
Its solubility in water, Schiff’s reagent to distinguish between aliphatic (Pink color indicator) and
aromatic (no change color), Oxidation test with Tollen’s reagent which is specific for oxidation
of aldehydes the result silver mirror is formed in test tube. Special test, Rescorinal test for
formaldehyde the result is reddish violet ring between two layers, Sodium nitroprusside test for
acetalaldehyde which results a red color, Saliycalsehyde + FeCl3 reaction which is a aromatic
aldehyde results in violet color and which shows no change in color is benzaldehyde.
1
Table of Contents
Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Experimental Results .................................................................................................................................... 5
Discussion.................................................................................................................................................... 10
References .................................................................................................................................................. 11
2
Introduction
2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine or known as 2,4 DNPH which is a function group for carbonyl its
structure is
Doing the reaction using brady’s reagent which is a solution of 2,4 DNPH in methanol with
Sulphuric acid results in yellow precipitate appears which shows that carbon- oxygen double
Bond in an aldehyde or ketone.
Its mechanism reaction of 2,4 DNPH with ketone:
2, 2 Dinitrophenylhydrazone
The first observation is the change of the name of hydrazine to the product which hydrazine, ine
to one. This reaction is called condensation reaction, a reaction which two molecules are joined
together with a loss of small molecule. As seen in the reaction the small molecule lost which is
water.
(Clark, 2004)
3
Tollen’s reagent which was used during the oxidation test for aldehydes or ketones and resulted
Ammonical Silver nitrate or known as formation of silver mirror in aldehydes and Ketones
shows no change in color.
4
Experimental Results
(Unknown 1)
Physical Characteristics:
Color : colorless
Chemical reactions:
group
so resorcinol test showed a reddish violet ring which determines the sample is methanal.
5
(Unknown 2)
Physical Characteristics:
Appearance: liquid
Color : colorless
Chemical reactions:
group
a slilver mirror which an aldehyde. Sodium nitropursside test is a positive result changed its color
to red.
6
(Unknown 3)
Physical Characteristics:
Color : yellowish
Chemical reactions:
group
The special test which for aromatic aldehyde FeCl3 + conc H2SO4
7
(Unknown 4)
Physical Characteristics:
Color : yellow
Chemical reactions:
group
The special test which for aromatic aldehyde FeCl3 + conc H2SO4
changed its color to violet which is a positive result and showed it is Saliclaldehyde.
8
(Unknown 5)
Physical Characteristics:
Appearance: liquid
Color: colorless
Chemical reactions:
group
produced a slilver mirror which is a ketone. Sodium nitropursside test is a positive result changed its
color to red.
9
Discussion
1st unknown sample
resorcinol test showed a reddish violet ring which determines the sample is methanal.
Ethanal.
The special test which for aromatic aldehyde FeCl3 + conc H2SO4results in no change of color which
The special test which for aromatic aldehyde FeCl3 + conc H2SO4changed its color to violet which is a
Sodium nitropursside test is a positive result changed its color to red. The sample is acetone.
10
References
Clark, J. (2004). Chemguide.
11
12