TWIN OTTER Technical Training Manual

CHAPTER
introduction

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INTRODUCTION MANUALS
The Air Transport Association of America Specification The following manuals are required by ATA-100:
No. 100 (ATA-100) establishes standards for the Aircraft Maintenance Manual
presentations of manuals to maintain, overhaul, test and Wiring Diagram Manual
repair aircraft and their components. Illustrated Parts Manual
Although the Specification was originally prepared to suit Component Maintenance (Overhaul) Manual
the needs of airlines operating large passenger carrying, Structural Repair Manual
its basic principles have been successfully applied to the Tools and Equipment Manual
manuals of smaller aircraft. Weight and Balance Manual
One of the main aims of the Specification is to ensure Non-destructive Testing Manual
that all the information needed by an operator is Power Plant Build-up Manual
included in one or the other of the provided by the
aircraft manufacturer. This is in contrast to some other The Specification does not include standards for flight
specifications which require not only the use of manuals manuals or operating data.
supplied by the aircraft manufacturer but the extensive
use of vendor manuals for descriptive, servicing and
maintenance data on accessory equipment.
The Specification defines both the physical
characteristics of the manual (page and type sizes,
layout, etc) and a chapter and page block breakdown
which facilitates rapid location of required data.
Standards are also included for the presentation of data
in microfilm and microfiche forms.

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SERVICE BULLETINS Airframe Group - Chapters 20 through 36, 38, 39,

The Specification calls for one other medium for and 49 cover all aircraft systems.
information, Service Bulletins. These bulletins provide
two quite different types of information. Some bulletins Structures Group - Chapters 51 through 57 cover aircraft
provide a quick path for any urgent “once only” inspection structure.
that may have been highlighted by a fault discovered
on another aircraft of the same type; others provide Propeller Group - Chapter 61 covers propellers.
information on modifications, explaining their purposes
and giving the method of incorporation. Powerplant Group - Chapters 70 through 80 and 82 cover
the propulsion system, except for the propeller.
INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
According to the Specification, the manufacturer’s NOTE that all chapters are not required for all manuals.
recommended time limits for inspections, tests and Refer to the code column in listing on page 6.
overhaul should be provided in a separate manual.
The Twin Otter and Buffalo aircraft each have separate
Inspection Requirements, however were developed by a
maintenance review board and are contained in Chapter
5 of the Maintenance Manual.

CHAPTER BREAKDOWNS
The information in all manuals is presented in a number
of chapters, the chapters being grouped as follows: (For
full listing see upcoming page.)

Aircraft Group - Chapters 5 through 12 and 91 (Misc

Group.) cover subjects as applicable to the aircraft as a
whole.

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NUMBERING SYSTEM
Within each chapter a three-element numbering system
is used on each page to identify and sub-divide material.
Each element consists of two digits. i.e.
“26-20-11”
The first element is the chapter (or system) number - in
this case Fire Protection.
The second element is the section (or sub-system)
number as defined by ATA-100 Specification* - in this
case Extinguishing.
The third element is the subject (or unit) number and is
allocated by the aircraft manufacturer - in this case Fire
Extinguisher Bottle.
Where data is applicable to the chapter as a whole 00
is used in the second and third element, i.e. 26-00-00
applies to the whole of Fire Protection.
*Further sub-sub-systems may be created by the aircraft
manufacturer by varying the second digit of the second
element, eg, 23 could be for APU Fire Extinguishing.
Where data is applicable to a section as a whole, 00 is
used in the third element, i.e. 26-10-00 applies to the
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whole of Extinguishing.
When allocating subject (unit) numbers, gaps are left to
cater for modification states. In the example given the fire
extinguisher bottle is 26-20-11; a modified bottle requiring
separate coverage would be allocated the number 26-20
12.
PAGE NUMBERING
In the smaller manuals pages are numbered
consecutively within each chapter/ section/ subject
breakdown from page 1. In the more complex manuals,
page blocks are used to separate different aspects of the
same subject, eg., in the maintenance manual descriptive
data is covered under pages 1 through 100
and maintenance practices under pages 201 through
300. See upcoming page for full breakdown.
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MANUAL INFORMATION ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

A feature of the Specification is that where applicable the Starting with the Dash 7, DeHavilland Engineering are
various chapter numbers are the same in all the manuals. using the ATA 100 breakdown for both engineering and
Thus, all the information on the landing gear is found drawing numbering and for electrical wire codes and
in chapter 32 in the Maintenance Manual, in the Wiring components. Hence a Dash 7 Engineering drawing
Diagram Manual, in the Component Maintenance dealing with the fire extinguishing is prefixed 72620, and
Manual, and in the IllustratedParts Manual. Should it wiring and electrical components are prefixed with 2620
be necessary to issue a Service bulletin referring to the
landing gear, the bulletin would carry the prefix ‘32’.
Fuselagstructure data, is found under Chapter 53 in the
maintenancManual, in the Illustrated Parts Manual and in
the Structural Repair Manual.

CUSTOMIZATION
Customer’s special installation may be covered by
introducing new subjects or by revising existing subjects
in the standard hapters received by all operators. To
cover each customer’s special avionics and furnishings
installations, may require complete chapters to be
customised and only sent to the customer concerned,
eg., in the Dash 7
Maintenance Manual, Chapters23, 24 and 34 are
customised and issued in a separate Volume 5. Similarly,
customised wiring diagrams for these chapters are issued
as Volume 3 to the Wiring Diagrams Manual.

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ATA 100 CHAPTERS 33 Lights ABCD

Chapter Title Code 34 Navigation ABCD
AIRCRAFT GROUP 35 Oxygen ABCD
5 Time Limits \ Maintenance Checks A 36 Pneumatic ABCD
6 Dimensions and Areas A 38 Water \ Waste ABCD
7 Lifting and Shoring A 39 Electrical and Electronic Panels ABCD
8 Leveling and Weighing A 49 Airborne Auxiliary Power ABCD
9 Towing and Taxiing A STRUCTURES GROUP
10 Parking and Mooring A 51 Structures - General A E
11 Placards and Markings A D 52 Doors A CDE
12 Servicing A 53 Fuselage A DE
AIRFRAME-SYSTEMS GROUP 54 Nacelles A DE
20 Standard Practices - Airframe ABC E 55 Stabilizers A DE
21 Air Conditioning ABCD 56 Windows A CDE
22 Auto Flight ABCD 57 Wings A DE
23 Communications ABCD PROPELLER GROUP
24 Electrical Power ABCD *61 Propellers ABCD
25 Equipment \ Furnishings ABCD POWERPLANT GROUP
26 Fire Protection ABCD *70 Standard - Practices Engine C
27 Flight Controls ABCD *71 Power Plant ABCD
28 Fuel ABCD *72 Engine ABCD
29 Hydraulic Power ABCD *73 Engine Fuel and Control ABCD
30 Ice and Rain Protection ABCD *74 Ignition ABCD
31 Indicating \ Recording Systems ABCD *75 Air ABCD
32 Landing Gear ABCD *76 Engine Controls ABCD

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77 Engine Indicating ABCD Cleaning \ Painting 701 through 800

*78 Exhaust ABCD Approved Repairs 801 through 900
*79 Oil ABCD
*80 Starting ABCD WIRING DIAGRAM MANUAL
*82 Water Injection ABCD Wiring Diagrams 1 through 100
MISCELLANEOUS GROUP Schematics 100 and up
91 Charts AB
COMPONENT MAINTENANCE MANUAL
CODE Description and Operation 1 through 100
A. Maintenance Manual
Testing and Troubleshooting 101 through 200
B. Wiring Diagram Manual
C. Component Maintenance Manual Unassigned 201 through 300
D. Illustrated Parts Manual Disassembly 301 through 400
E. Structural Repair Manuals Inspection \ Check 401 through 500
* Issued in part or complete by engine and propeller
Repair 501 through 600
manufacturer.
Assembly (including storage) 601 through 700
ATA 100 PAGE BLOCKS Fits and Clearances 701 through 800
Special Tools, Fixtures and Equipment 801 through 900
Maintenance Manual
Equipment 901 through 1000
Description and Operation 1 through 100
Illustrated Parts List 1001 through 1100
Troubleshooting 101 through 200
Maintenance Practices 201 through 300
Servicing 301 through 400
Removal \ Installation 401 through 500
Adjustment \ Test 501 through 600
Inspection \ Check 601 through 700

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ILLUSTRATED PARTS MANUAL
Pages numbered consecutively for each Figure in a
subject. The first page is a left-hand 0 followed by 1, 2,
etc.
OTHER MANUALS
Pages numbered consecutively for each subject.
HINTS WHEN USING ATA-100 MANUALS
1. Familiarize yourself with the structure of each manual
by reading introductory paragraphs and contents pages.
2. If doubtful of completeness or currency of a manual
first check “List of Chapters” page for the latest revision
date of each Chapter, then, referring to each “Chapter’s
List of Effective Pages”, check page count and currency
of each Chapter.
3. Look for Servicing and Ground handling coverage in
the early Chapters of Maintenance Manual and not in
system Chapters, e.g., Refuelling is covered in Chapter
12 Servicing not Chapter 28 Fuel.
4. Be aware that Chapter 24 covers only the generation
of electrical power and the bus system. The individual
services supplied by the various types of electrical power
are covered with those services. The circuit breakers
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are the dividing point, e.g., Flight Control Electrics are
covered in Chapter 27 Flight Controls and 1 Chapter 24
Electrical Power. Hydraulics in Chapter 32: Flight control
Hydraulics in Chapter 27.
5. Likewise be aware that Chapter 29 covers only
hydraulic power generation. Information on hydraulic
sub-systems is covered in the associated chapter, e.g.,
Landing Gear
6.Familiarise yourself with the inter-manual relationship,
particularly Maintenance \ Parts Manuals. By going to the
corresponding Chapter \ Section in the Parts Manual, you
should be able to recognise the parts referred to in the
Maintenance Manual. Major components in each Figure
are listed in the contents pages.
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TWIN OTTER MANUALS allocated numbers which are located on the bottom outer
The Twin Otter maintenance manual has been prepared corner of each page. The following is an example of a
generally in accordance with ATA-100. The manual three element number:
contains descriptive and maintenance information on 27-10-11
systems and items of equipment to the level required to Chapter: Section: Subject:
service the aircraft, to understand, test, and trouble shoot System: Sub-system: Unit:
the systems, and to remove and install the units when
FLIGHT AILERON AILERON
this is not self-evident. Work of a more complex nature
CONTROLS CONTROL
which requires a unit to be off the aircraft, is covered in
SYSTEM
the relevant Maintenance, Repair, or Overhaul Manuals.
Pages bearing the first element number only (27-00-00),
USING THE MANUALS
contain descriptive and maintenance information relating
CHAPTERIZATION
to the complete system, but where necessary, the system
Chapters are allocated in accordance with ATA
is broken down into sub-systems which are covered on
Specification No. 100, which provides a functional
pages bearing the first and -second element numbers
breakdown of the entire aircraft. Information of all
(27-10-00). The sub-systems are broken down further
units comprising a system will be found in the chapter
into units, and will be found on pages bearing all three
identified by the name of that system. Foe example,
element numbers (27-10-11). Each system, sub-system
all units relating to the generation and distribution
and unit is allocated a block of numbers to allow for
of electrical power are covered in Chapter 24 -
coverage of various modification states; this allows an
ELECTRICAL POWER, but the electrically operated
operator to remove any information, which does not
aileron trim tab actuator, is covered in Chapter 27 -
relate to his aircraft, from the manual. For example, if a
FLIGHT CONTROLS.
modified aileron is introduced, both the original and the
modified ailerons would be covered under a separate
CHAPTER BREAKDOWN. Each chapter is divided into
subject number:
sections and, where necessary, each section into subject.
Original ailerons 27-10-11, Modified aileron 27-10-12.
These three elements (Chapter - Section - Subject) are

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PAGE NUMBERS
Page number blocks allocated for the different subject
topics, the pages in each being numbered as follows:
Pages 1 through 100 - Description and Operation
Pages 101 through 200 - Trouble Shooting
Pages 201 through 300 - Maintenance practices
Should the Maintenance Practices be extensive, the
individual subject sub-topics are allocated the following
numbers blocks:
Pages 301 through 400 - Servicing
Pages 401 through 500 - Removal \ Installation
Pages 501 through 600 - Adjustment \ Test
Pages 601 through 700 - Inspection \ Check
Pages 701 through 800 - Cleaning \ Painting
Pages 801 through 900 - Approved \ Repairs
Since no one block of page numbers is likely to be
fully used, and other blocks may not be used at all, it is
inevitable that page numbering for a subject will have
unused numbers in the sequence. The Lists of Effective
Pages (see below) can however, be used to check the
completeness of the manual.
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES.
In order that operators can establish that a Chapter is
complete, and whether it contains the latest issue of all
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pages, a List of Effective Pages is located at the front
of each, immediately following the chapter divider card.
On each list, the date against each page number should
correspond with the date on the relevant page.
TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS
The following list comprises the basic set of De Havilland
technical publications supplied to the customer with the
first DHC-6 purchased, only mandatory (*) publications
will be supplied with each aircraft thereafter to the same
customer. A free revision service will be available for the
publication supplied in item (a) only and limited to a ten
year period to the original purchaser only. Item (e) may
be purchased if it is only required by the customer.
(a) DeHavilland Publications:
*Operating Data PSM 1 - 63 - 1
*Flight Manual PSM 1 - 63 - l a
(The above two a combined manual)
Maintenance Manual PSM 1 - 63 - 2
Ground Support Manual PSM 1 - 6 - 2T
Wiring Diagrams Manual PSM 1 - 63 - 2W
Structural Repair Manual PSM 1 - 6 - 3
Illustrated Parts Catalogue PSM I - 63 - 4
*Inspection Requirements Manual PSM 1 - 6 - 7
*Weight and Balance Manual PSM 1 - 63 - 8
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Structural Components Service Life Limits Manual

PSM 1 - 6 - 11
Vendor’s Warranties Manual PSM 1 - 6 - 10
All Service Bulletins and Technical News Sheets
Modifications and Options Manual PSM1-6-12

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ATA # CHAPTER TITLE 36 Pneumatic

5 Time Limits and Maintenance Checks 51 Structures

6 Dimensions and Areas 52 Doors

7 Lifting and Shoring 53 Fuselage

8 Leveling and Weighing 55 Stabilizers

9 Towing and Taxiing 56 Windows
10 Parking and Mooring 57 Wings
61 Propellers
11 Required Placards
71 Power Plant
12 Servicing
72 Engine
20 Standard Airframe Practices
73 Engine Fuel and Control
21 Air Conditioning
74 Ignition
22 Auto Flight
76 Engine Controls
23 Communications
77 Engine Indicating
24 Electrical Power
78 Exhaust
25 Equipment \ Furnishings
79 Oil
26 Fire Protection
80 Starting
27 Flight Controls
91 Charts
28 Fuel
29 Hydraulic Power
30 Ice and Rain Protection
31 Instruments
32 Landing Gear
33 Lighting
34 Navigation
35 Oxygen

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