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APRIL2014
1. What are the heat transfer mechanisms involved during heat transfer in a liquid-to-liquid
heat exchanger from the hot to the cold fluid?
2. Under what conditions is the thermal resistance of the tube in a heat exchanger
negligible?
3. How is the thermal resistance due to fouling in a heat exchanger accounted for? How do
the fluid velocity and temperature affect fouling?
6. Water at an average temperature of 110 C and an average velocity of 3.5 m/s flows
through a 7 m long stainless steel tube (k = 14.2 W/m.K) in a boiler. The inner and outer
diameter of the tube are Di = 1.0 cm and Do = 1.4 cm, respectively. The fouling factor on the
inner surface of the tube is assumed to have a value of R f,i = 0.0005 m2.K/W. If the convection
heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface of the tube where boiling is taking place is h o =
7200 W/m2.K, determine the overall heat transfer coefficient U i of this boiler based on the inner
surface area of the tube.
9. A cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluids unmixed has an overall heat transfer
coefficient of 200 W/m 2.K, and a heat transfer surface area of 400 m 2. The hot fluid has a heat
capacity of 40,000 W/K, while the cold fluid has a heat capacity of 80000 W/K. If the inlet
temperatures of both hot and cold fluids are 80 C and 20 C, respectively, determine the exit
temperature of the cold fluid.
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