CLASSIFICATION OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

METHODS Parameter Measured Characteristic

(A) Active (P) Passive Designation Unit Physical
Properties
Resistivity Apparent resistivity Ohm-m Resistivity
(A) Conductivity
Induced Chargeablility Msec % Ionic-electronic
Polarization Polarizability frequency Overvoltage
(A) effect
milliradian
Electrical

Self-Potential Natural potential mV Conductivity

(P) Oxydability
Telluric Relative ellipse area Ohm-m Conductance
(P) Ratios-apparent
resistivity
Magnetotelluric Apparent impedance Ohm-m Resistivity
(P) (resistivity & phase) Conduc
(A)
Electromagnetic Phase difference Degree Electrical
(A) Tilt angle Ohm-m -conductivity
Amplitude ratio
Earth magnetic field 1g = 10-5 Magnetic
Magnetic Vertical component Z gauss susceptibility
(P) Total intensity
Horizontal gradient
Vertical gradient
Gravity Gravity field milligal density
(P) (1gal=1cm/sec2)
Radiometric Intensity & spectral Counts/sec radioactivity
(P) composition of
gamma ray
Seismic

Refraction Traveling time of msec Seismic wave

(A) seismic wave ft/sec velocity
Reflection Dynamic
(A) modulus
Remote sensing Electromagnetic N/A Photoimagery
energy (infrared, (satellite or
radar, ultraviolet, high-flying
multi spectral image) aircraft) etc.
Magnetic field
Radioactivity
Source : Van Blaricon,1980 (Introductory Mining Engineering, p. 36-37, by H.L. Hartman)
 APPLICATIONS OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

METHODS Applications intepretation

(A) Active (P) Passive Direct detection Indirect
Detection
Resistivity Massive sulfides Bulk material Curve matching
(A) Oil shale Base metals Comp. modeling
Clays Coal
Geothermal
reservoirs
Induced Conductive : Associated Curve matching
Polarization sulfides, oxides, Mn minerals (lead, Comp. modeling
(A) oxides gold, silver, etc.)
Electrical

Self-Potential Sulfides : pyrite, Associated Rule of thumb

(P) pyrrhotite copper, minerals (lead, Curve matching
Mn ore gold, silver, zick, Visual
nickel) interpretation
Telluric Structural study Regional Comp. modeling
(P) steam exploration Curve matching
Magnetotelluric Massive sulfides Shear zone Comp. modeling
(P) Clays General tectonic Visual
(A) Natural steam General interpretation
structure
Electromagnetic Conductives : Associated Curve matching
(A) Sulfides, oxsides, minerals Visual
Mn oxides Shear zone, interpretation
weathered zone
Magnetite Iron ore, Comp. modeling
Magnetic Pyrrotite chromite, Visual
(P) Titanomagnetite copper ore interpretation

Gravity Chromite, pyrite, Placer Comp. modeling

(P) chalcopyrite, lead configuration Curve matching
Karstic cavities
Radiometric Uranium, thorium, Geological Comp. modeling
(P) phosphates structural Geologic
mapping correlation
Seismic

Refraction Faults, traps, Tin heavy Comp. interpreted

(A) basement minerals,
Reflection uranium Computer
(A) inverted
Remote sensing Lineament Geological photointerpretaio
Fault mapping n
Alterations Mineral
Rock type deposit
Mineralization
Source : Van Blaricon,1980 (Introductory Mining Engineering, p. 36-37, by H.L. Hartman)