)Explaining is an action skill in which the teacher tries
to satis1fy student’s queries related to any principles, conditions /situations or views.
2)This can be done by relating it to the previous
knowledge of students.
3) Explanation is based on the interrelationship
between previous knowledge and new knowledge. PSYCHOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF EXPLANATION SKILL It has a base of constructivism. Where Teacher does not do spoon feeding of teaching for the students.
Teacher helps the students to learn. Teacher does not pour the knowledge into the student’s mind.
Students mind is not a blank slate.
Teacher help them to construct the knowledge.
In explanation teacher arranges their previous knowledge to new
knowledge. OBJECTIVES OF EXPLANATION
To correlate old knowledge to new knowledge.
To help the students to understand new concepts, points,
event, principles clearly.
o To Clarify the questions about new content i.e. why?
How? How much?
To enlarge the scope of knowledge for students.
To make them capable of understanding the sequence of
new content. Types of explanaton- 1. Descriptive. 2. Interpretative.3. Reason giving
1 .DISCRIPTIVE EXPLANATION- A descriptive explanation
describes the process, structure, or procedure of phenomenon, generalization or principle. For example, the concept such as, How does barometer work? How is oxygen prepared? Require descriptive explanations on the part of the teacher.
2. Interpretative Explanation- An interpretative explanation
specifies the central meaning of the concept, generalization or the phenomenon for example what do you understand from the poem?
reasons for the occurrence of the phenomenon, event or the basis of a principle, for instance when a teacher has to explain the phenomenon such as why are most girls deprived from education in rural area? COMPONANTS OF Narration/Explanation 1. Use of accurate Language 2. Clear pronunciation 3. Fluency 4. Change in voice 5. Stress on main points 6. Gestures 7. Harmony in presentation 8. Audibility 9. Time Management 10. Effectiveness 1. Use of accurate language For the explanation of any content accurate language is necessary to understand any topic. It involves the purity in language. e.g. English, Hindi, Marathi etc. Language should be used with correct grammar. 2.Clear Pronunciation Every word should be uttered clearly . Intonation tone or pattern should be maintained. Correct use of punctuation should be there. 3. Fluency
The sentence or statement if not uttered fluently one
after the other, the meaning of the content will not be understood by the listeners. Use OF Maxims of Teaching Known to Unknown This maxim is based on the assumption that the student knows something. We are to increase his knowledge and widen his outlook. We have to interpret all new knowledge in terms of the old. So while teaching we should proceed from known and go towards unknown. For example, while teaching any lesson, the teacher can link the previous experiences of the child with the new lesson. Concrete to Abstract Concrete things are solid things and they can be touched with five senses. But abstract things can only be imagined. So it is rather difficult to teach the children about abstract things. The students are likely to forget them soon. On the other hand, if we teach the students with the help of concrete objects, they will never forget the subject matter. For example when we teach counting to the students we should first examine concrete nouns like, laptop, book, Pen etc. and then proceed to digits and numbers. The stars, the moon, the sun etc. being taught first whereas the abstract thing:, like planet, satellites etc. should be taught afterwards. Easy to Difficult By learning simple things, they feel encouraged and they also gain confidence. On this basis, they become further receptive to the complex matter. On the other hand, if complex types of things are presented to the learner first, he become, upset, feels bored and finds himself in a challenging situation Particular to General: While teaching, the teacher should first of all take particular statements and then on the basis of those particular cases, generalization should be made. Suppose the teacher is teaching Present Continuous Tense while Teaching English, he should first of all give a few examples and then on the basis of those make them generalize . 4. planned repetition- The content must be repeated and highlighted.
Teacher should repeat the important concepts and
words orally and should emphasize on it. IMPORTANCE OF THE SKILL IN LESSON. 1) Clear explanation makes the teaching learning process effective. 2) Mastery over the skill of explanation increases teachers confidence. 3) Explanation is the main skill in of teaching because it takes more time in comparison to other skills. 4) It requires fluency in speaking, mastery over the language, skill of giving daily and simple examples. This makes the explanation effective. REFERENCES- Singh Y.K. (2004)-MICROTEACHING, APH Publishing Corporation.
Gopalkrishnan, M,(2001)- Techniques of Teaching Education,Sonali Publication.