6.0 DISCUSSIONIn tachometry, TBM 5 is used as reference with the value is 9.569m.

All of the details

inthe involved area which is ‘green chalet’ should be taken from 5 stations. Automatic level isusing to
observe leveling, meanwhile total station is using to obtain reduce level and bearingfrom each station.
For the reduce level, it was determined by using this equation; AL ( Reduce Level ) = AL ( station ) + IH (
height of equipment ) – HT( height of pole ) +/-VD ( vertical distance).Usually in surveying, there are 3
elements which contributing to misclosures. Theelements are human and environmental. The human
misclosures, is an error while taking theangle reading and distance. For equipment misclosures, there
are two main reasons that willcause parallax which is imperfect adjustment and temporary adjustment.
Environmental alsoeffect the surveying, the main factor is weathering and ground surface. 7.0
RECOMMENDATIONS1. Ensure that the total station dan prism are in balance condition with the bubble
is in thecenter. 2. Make sure leveling of that area from all station before tachometry.3. Definite bearing
must be set for every time start the observation from each station. 4. All the details including
topograhpy and man made features must be observe. 5. Finish leveling at the same TBM before start
the tacheometry work.

8.0 CONCLUSIONFrom all data and analysis, we have produce a plan with detailing in that area such as
leveling,contur line, observation on detail and datum location.9.0 REFFERENCE1. Ab. Hamid Mohamed –
2000- ASAS UKUR KEJURUTERAAN2. J. UREN AND W.F.PRICE -1994- SURVEYING FOR ENGINEERS

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REPORT TACHEOMETRY

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM DAN ALAM SEKITAR JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM GEOMATIC
LABORATORY Subject Code Practicle Title Course Code Date of Practicle No. of Group Group Leader
Name of Group Members BFC 2111 TACHEOMETRY G 03 17TH JUNE 2011 THIRTEEN ( 13 ) Ahmad
Shahrin bin Jamalluddin (CF 100444) Mohd. Akimullah bin Yazaid ( CF 100468 ) Nur Farhana binti Mohd .
Syams Baskaran . ( AF 090298 ) Rabi’atul’adawiah binti Mohammed ( AF 090297 ) Nor Shazarina binti
Mohd. Noh ( DF 090230 ) Lecturer’s Name En. Anuar bin Mohd Salleh En Mohd Khair bin Burhanuddin
En Khairul Nizam bin Mohd. Yunus . En. Mohamad Hairi bin Osman Introduction Objective Theory
Equipment Procedure Data / Table Data Analysis Discussion Plotting / Present Conclusion /
Recommendation Revision Mark Mark
Examiner’s Comment Approval Receive 1.0 INTRODUCTION Tacheometric survey (tacheometry) is a
system of rapid surveying, by which horizontal and vertical distances of points are obtained by optical
measurements avoiding ordinary and slower process of measurements tape or a separate leveling
instrument. There are two methods that can be apply and use for tachemeotry which are Electronic
Distance Measurement (EDM) and Optic Distance Measurement (ODM). The ordinary methods of
surveying with a total station, chain, and levelling instrument are fairly satisfactory when the ground is
pretty clear of obstructions and not very precipitous, but it becomes extremely when the ground is
covered with bush, or broken up by ravines. In this practical, we have been using total station we have
been using total station which able to read distance by reflecting off a prism. There are two main steps
in tachometric surveys; running a traversing around the area to be surveyed and locating details and
elevations of the features in the area with reference to the traverse stations. Otherwise from the
horizontal distance, this method also can give the value of the different height between of the two
points. Distance measurement of horizontal and vertical by optic also known as total station. The
distance of horizontal and vertical are measured by using the suitable formula. The different system also
has a different measurement and adjustment
Precision distance and different height which is obtain by using tachometry method by comparing with
precise distance and different of the height. All the information about the height was obtain by using
traverse and leveling. 2.0 • • • OBJECTIVE To produce contour and detail site plan. To produce
coordinates for area work and calculations. Produce the topographic and detail plan of the
constructioning site building area by using SDR Mapping and Auto CAD. 3.0 EQUIPMENTS Total Station
(1 unit Tape ( 1 unit) Pole (2 quantities) Tripod
Mini prism (2 unit) Pegs
4.0 PROCEDURES • Before starting the survey, we need to perform a TBM near to our STATION 1. This is
by conducting leveling from point 1 to TBM 5 back to point 1. • • From the calculation, the RL for
TBM=6.571. Perform leveling again from TBM to all the STN at our area of survey to get the RL of each
STN. • • Next set up total station on STN 1 and measure the height of instrument. Shoot the total station
to the pole with a mini prism at STN 2 then set the bearing and measure the height of pole. • After that,
shoot all topography and manmade features inside and within 5m outside the area. • • Then record the
bearing, horizontal and vertical distance from total station. These process are repeated when the
instruments are moved to other stations if found missing or obstruction of the features from the
observation points. • If there is some details is hidden or cannot be seen, the reserved station can be set
up at the nearest station.
5.0 DATA AND ANALYSIS LEVELING FROM DATUM TO No. BS IS FS Rise Hoc Fall RED. LEVEL CORRECTION
ADJUSTED LEVEL DIST. REMARKS
Error for (BS-FS) = No. BS IS FS Rise Hoc Fall RED. LEVEL CORRECTION ADJUSTED DIST. REMARKS LEVEL
Error for (Rise – Fall) = Correction = FROM STATION TO DATUM
Error for (BS-FS) = Error for (Rise – Fall) = Correction =
6.0 DISCUSSION In tachometry, TBM 5 is used as reference with the value is 9.569m. All of the details in
the involved area which is ‘green chalet’ should be taken from 5 stations. Automatic level is using to
observe leveling, meanwhile total station is using to obtain reduce level and bearing from each station.
For the reduce level, it was determined by using this equation; AL ( Reduce Level ) = AL ( station ) + IH (
height of equipment ) – HT( height of pole ) +/VD ( vertical distance). Usually in surveying, there are 3
elements which contributing to misclosures. The elements are human and environmental. The human
misclosures, is an error while taking the angle reading and distance. For equipment misclosures, there
are two main reasons that will cause parallax which is imperfect adjustment and temporary adjustment.
Environmental also effect the surveying, the main factor is weathering and ground surface. 7.0
RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Ensure that the total station dan prism are in balance condition with the bubble
is in the center. 2. Make sure leveling of that area from all station before tachometry. 3. Definite bearing
must be set for every time start the observation from each station. 4. All the details including
topograhpy and man made features must be observe. 5. Finish leveling at the same TBM before start
the tacheometry work. 8.0 CONCLUSION
From all data and analysis, we have produce a plan with detailing in that area such as leveling, contur
line, observation on detail and datum location. 9.0 REFFERENCE 1. Ab. Hamid Mohamed – 2000 - ASAS
UKUR KEJURUTERAAN 2. J. UREN AND W.F.PRICE -1994 - SURVEYING FOR ENGINEERS
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