91.

Who was the author of Principles of geology who gave evidence that Earth was subject to slow but continuous
geological cycles of erosion and uplift?
a. Charles Lyell
b. Charles Darwin
c. Charles Lamarck
d. Charles Windsor

92. Of the following, which is NOT one of the reasons why Mendel selected garden peas for his experiments?
a. They reproduce at a fast rate
b. They need much caring and cultivating
c. They exhibit contrasting traits
d. Their flowers are structurally adapted or self-pollination
Gregor Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they are easy to raise, have many offspring per
mating, can fertilize themselves and have varieties in genotype and phenotype that are easily observable. These
characteristics make pea plants ideal in the study of genetics and heredity.

93. When is prenatal screening with the use of DNA technology applied in order to detect congenital metabolic
disorders in babies?
a. 9 months of the fetus in the womb
b. Within 48 hours after delivery
c. Within 36 hours after delivery
d. Of the fetus in the womb

94. A normal mother and normal father produced two children, one normal child and the other an albino child. What
kind of genes controlled the albino such that he had abnormal skin pigmentation?
a. Mixture of dominant and recessive genes Aa
b. Both dominant or AA
c. Both recessive or aa
d. Dominance of recessive over dominant genes or aaA

95. Gene therapy corrects detectable gene disorders but this is NOT one of its procedures:
a. Addition of functional cells
b. Cells extraction from patient
c. Reintroduction of corrected cells into patient
d. New born screening
Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. The most common form of
gene therapy involves inserting a normal gene to replace an abnormal gene. Other approaches include
Swapping an abnormal gene for a normal one
Repairing an abnormal gene
Altering the degree to which a gene is turned on or off

96. What is true about herbivores?

a. They are the main producers in the food chain
b. They are at the apex of the food chain
c. They can be producers if given adequate water and food
d. They are only consumers

97. Which combined tissues are directly involved when a boy kicks, a frog leaps or a bird flies?
a. Nerves and muscles
b. Bones and nerves
c. Muscles and bones
d. Blood and muscles

98. Which of the following pertains to slight quantifiable evolutionary modifications within a population from
generation to generation?
a. Microevolution
b. Artificial selection
c. Generational selection
d. Evolutionary upheaval-major change
Microevolution involves how the allele frequencies change over time within a population. Alleles are the different
versions of a trait or physical characteristic. There are four processes that drive microevolution. These processes
are mutation, selection, gene flow, and genetic drift.

99. Which protest causes malaria?

a. Euglena
b. Plasmodium
c. Fungi
d. HIV

100. Of the following which does NOT characterize the bacteria, which is believed to be the earliest life-forms
having lived 3.8 million years ago?
a. Has nuclear membrane to separate nuclear materials from cytoplasm
b. Made up of prokaryotic
c. Has cell was made up of protein-carbonate complex
d. Has single circular DNA
Microscopic, single-celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera that possess a prokaryotic type of cell
structure, which means their cells are noncompartmentalized, and their DNA (usually circular) can be found
throughout the cytoplasm rather than within a membrane-bound nucleus. They reproduce by fission or by forming
spores. They can practically live everywhere. They can inhabit all kinds of environment, such as in soil, acidic hot
springs, radioactive waste, seawater, deep in the Earth's crust, in stratosphere, and even in the bodies of other
organisms.

101. What makes it possible for animals you produce energy for daily work by transferring potential energy of
glucose to ATP?
a. Anaerobic respiration alone
b. Aerobic respiration alone
c. Neither aerobic nor anaerobic respiration
d. Bon anaerobic and aerobic respiration

102. Rafael is completely healthy man and would like to donate one of his organs as an altruistic act. Which among
the following can be donated even while Rafael is still alive, without compromising his overall wellbeing?
a. His heart
b. One of his 2 corneas
c. One of his 2 lungs
d. One of his 2 kidneys

103. What can prevent being infected with hepatitis virus (HBV) transmitted by sharing contaminated blood through
blood transfusion, contaminated needles or by sexual contact from an infected person?
a. Laxatives
b. Vaccination
c. Antibiotics
d. Dissolution therapy- for stones

104. True a species:

a. Reproductive barriers are mechanism to facilitate interbreeding among different species
b. Among sexually reproductive organism, members of one species are reproductively isolated from members of
other species
c. It I is possible for 2 different species to mate to produce generations of fertile offspring
d. Members of one biological species are not able to interbreed with each other

105. Which of the following countries may be considered as a tropical rainforest?

a. Spain
b. Philippines
c. Netherlands
d. Korea

106. Of the 3 types of natural selection, which happens when the intermediate phenotype is favoured?
a. Artificial selection
b. Disruptive selection
c. Stabilizing selection
d. Directional selection
Stabilizing selection results in a decrease of a population's genetic variance when natural selection favors an
average phenotype and selects against extreme variations.
In directional selection, a population's genetic variance shifts toward a new phenotype when exposed to
environmental changes.
Diversifying or disruptive selection increases genetic variance when natural selection selects for two or more
extreme phenotypes that each have specific advantages.
In diversifying or disruptive selection, average or intermediate phenotypes are often less fit than either extreme
phenotype and are unlikely to feature prominently in a population.

107. True of a retrovirus:

a. Proteinaceous infectious particles
b. Only acquired by a select population of humans
c. A plant virus with an enzyme that makes an RNA copy of its DNA
d. HIV is an example
Retrovirus: A virus that is composed not of DNA but of RNA. Retroviruses have an enzyme, called reverse
transcriptase, that gives them the unique property of transcribing their RNA into DNA after entering a cell. The
retroviral DNA can then integrate into the chromosomal DNA of the host cell, to be expressed there. HIV is a
retrovirus.

108. Which of the following differentiates a eukaryote from a prokaryote?

a. A eukaryote has a mitochondria and prokaryote does not
b. A eukaryote has no cell membrane and prokaryotes
c. Eukaryotes are too small compared to prokaryotes
d. A eukaryote has no nucleus and a prokaryotes has

109. Mark has straight black hair because both his parents have straight black hair. What can you deduce from the
preceding statement?
a. The character and color of hair is determined by genetics.
b. There is no relation between his hair and that of his parents
c. Mark is adopted
d. His hair will remain the same even when he gets old

110. True about down syndrome:

a. Due to presence of 2 dominant lethal genes
b. Those afflicted are genetically violent people
c. Patient require to be institutionalized
d. All fungi are poisonous
TRISOMY 21
“Early intervention” refers to a range of specialized programs and resources that professionals provide to very
young children with Down syndrome and their families. These professionals may include special educators, speech
therapists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and social workers.

111. Muscles are composed of:

a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Vitamins
d. Fats

112. What is true of the fungi?

a. Some antibiotics are derived from fungi
b. Fungi can make bread rise
c. Fungi are classified as prokaryotes
d. All fungi are poisonous
Hoping he had discovered a better natural antibiotic than lysozyme, Fleming now devoted himself to growing more
of the fungus. He identified that it belonged to the Penicillium genus and that it produced a bacteria-killing
liquid. On March 7, 1929 he formally named the antibiotic – it would be known as penicillin.
Fleming published his results, showing that penicillin killed a variety of bacteria which were then the scourge of
humanity, including those responsible for scarlet fever, pneumonia, meningitis and diphtheria. Furthermore,
penicillin was non-toxic and it did not attack white blood cells.
Yeast is the driving force behind fermentation, the magical process that allows a dense mass of dough to become a
well-risen loaf of bread. And yet yeast is nothing more than a single-celled fungus. How does it do it?

Yeast works by consuming sugar and excreting carbon dioxide and alcohol as byproducts. In bread making, yeast
has three major roles. Most of us are familiar with yeast's leavening ability. But you may not be aware that
fermentation helps to strengthen and develop gluten in dough and also contributes to incredible flavors in bread.

113. What form of reproduction is cloning that involved the production of an offspring from a single parent?
a. Asexual reproduction
b. Artificial reproduction
c. Bi-sexual reproduction
d. Sexual reproduction
Artificial reproduction/propagation is the creation of new life by other than the natural means available to an
organism. Examples include artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, cloning and embryonic splitting, or
cleavage.

114. Starch, table sugar and rice are source of

a. Proteins
b. Purines
c. Carbohydrates
d. Fats

115. True of mitosis:

a. produces diploid cells
b. Produces both diploid and haploid cells
c. Produces haploid cells
d. No cells are reproduced

116. Who accidentally discovered penicillin which ushered the era of antibiotics?
a. Alexander Fleming
b. Louis Pasteur
c. Robert Koch
d. Josseph Lister

117. It is possible for respondents in surveys to answer without attempting to fully comprehend. What conclusion
can be derived from this observation?
a. Surveys are very expensive to conduct
b. Data gathered by surveys is limited be respondents’ level of cooperation
c. Respondents need to be given bribes to ensure full cooperation
d. Researchers should never use surveys for data gathering

118. True of Annelids:

a. Has an exoskeleton made up of chitin
b. Have a variety of respiratory organs
c. Undergo metamorphosis
d. Segmented worms
Annelid, phylum name Annelida, also called segmented worm, any member of a phylum of invertebrate animals that
are characterized by the possession of a body cavity (or coelom), movable bristles (or setae), and a body divided
into segments by transverse rings, or annulations, from which they take their name.

119. Veda would like to find out if a ball dropped from a higher building will be slower than one dropped from a
smaller building. She timed how many seconds it will take for the ball to reach the ground.
In the case, which is the independent variable?
a. Height from which the ball was dropped
b. Time it take for the person holding the ball to go up the building
c. Time it takes for the ball to reach the ground
d. The construction material used in the buildings

120. Which of the following is a vertebrate?

a. Sea anemone
b. Planarian
c. Sponge
d. Wolf
Vertebrate, also called Craniata, any animal of the subphylum Vertebrata, the predominant subphylum of the
phylum Chordata. They have backbones

121. Marcus wants to determine whether noise can affect the concentration of grade 1 students. In class A, sounds of
horn blowing by jeepneys was transmitted to the speakers inside the classroom. In class B, there was complete
silence. He had classes read a short story and answer questions after.
In the case, which is the experimental group?
a. Class B
b. Class A
c. Class A and B
d. Jeepneys
experimental group: with treatment
control group: no treatment

122. The elbow joint is an example of a:

a. False joint
b. Pivot joint
c. Hinge joint
d. Ball and socket joint

123. Corn is eaten by a hen. The hen is eaten by a python. The hen is therefore the:
a. Primary consumer
b. Primary producer
c. Producer
d. Secondary consumer

124. What is the process through which the body obtains energy from glucose and oxygen?
a. Circulation
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycolysis
d. Digestion

125. Which of the following is the source of direct energy for cells?
a. Phosphorus
b. Carbohydrates
c. Proteins
d. Water

126. Which of the following may be a complication of chronic hypertension and atherosclerosis?
a. Cerebral vascular accident
b. Rheumatic fever
c. Dengue fever
d. Parkinson’s disease

127. Marcus wants to determine whether noise can affect the concentration of Grade 1 students during a reading
lesson. In class A, a sound of horn was transmitted through speakers in the classroom. In class B, there was
complete silence. Which is the control group in this experiment?
a. Class A and B
b. Class A
c. Neither class A nor B
d. Class B

128. Aidan is a tall boy. This physical trait is passed on from Aidan’s parents because of:
a. Size of the placenta during birth
b. Number of atoms in Aidan’s body
c. Multivitamins taken by Aidan
d. Genes

129. Which of the following is part of the conduction system of the heart:
a. AV node
b. Aorta
c. Arterioles
d. AV valves

130. What is the method which uses microorganism metabolism to clean up toxic wastes?—no answer
a. Forest denudation
b. Activism
c. Arterioles
d. AV valves
Bioremediation refers to the use of microorganisms to degrade contaminants that pose environmental and human
risks. Bioremediation processes typically involve the actions of many different microbes acting in parallel or
sequence to complete the degradation process.

131. A decrease in the availability of one of the following will decrease the rate of photosynthesis:
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon monoxide
c. Sodium
d. Carbon dioxide

132. The type of digestion that occurs in the mouth:

a. Both mechanical and chemical
b. Chemical digestion only
c. Mechanical digestion alone
d. Metaphysical digestion

133. Bimbo wanted to find out if a ball dropped from a high building will be slower than one dropped from a lower
building. He times the fall as the reaches the ground. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
a. Time it takes for the ball to reach the ground
b. Time the elevator rises up the building
c. Height from where the ball is dropped
d. Time it takes for the person holding the ball to go up the building

134. Which ABO blood type is considered the universal recipient?

a. AB
b. O
c. A
d. B

135. True of parasitism:

a. The host is harmed while the parasite benefits from the relationship
b. Compose of fossil fuels
c. Brought about by the combination of oxygen and carbon monoxide
d. Comes from the same sources as petroleum

136. True of biogas:

a. Produced by fermentation of biodegradable
b. Compose of fossil fuels
c. Brought about by the combination of oxygen and carbon monoxide
d. Comes from the same sources as petroleum

137. Which of the following demonstrates a symbiotic relationship?

a. Man and mosquito
b. Butterfly and flower
c. Rice and rat
d. Lion and zebra
a symbiotic relationship because they can't survive without each other. Facultative symbiosis is when the species
live together by choice. There are four main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
and competition.

138. Scurvy us a disease caused by what vitamin deficiency?

a. Ascorbic acid
b. Cyanocobalamin
c. Folic acid
d. Thiamine
a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by swollen bleeding gums and the opening of
previously healed wounds, which particularly affected poorly nourished sailors until the end of the 18th century.\

139. Which phase of mitosis involves lining up of chromosomes in the midline?

a. Telophase
b. Prophase
c. Anaphase
d. Metaphase

140. What is the consequence of increased urbanization?

a. Decrease amount of solid waste
b. Increased marine sanctuaries
c. Less flooding
d. Disruption of natural habits

141. Which foods are rich in calcium?

a. Dairy products
b. Chicken
c. Root crops
d. Sea food

142. What is a modified form of sexual reproduction seen among bees in which unfertilized eggs may develop into a
complete individual?
a. Hermaphroditism
b. Parthenogenesis
c. Budding
d. Regeneration
Hermaphroditism, the condition of having both male and female reproductive organs.

143. Which of the following is a community of living organisms interacting with non-living things in an
environment?
a. Population
b. Physical environment
c. Genus
d. Ecosystem

144. The removal of trees in order to provide areas where human habitations are constructed has resulted in.
a. Land conservation
b. Deforestation
c. Desertification
d. Industrialization

145. In biology, what is the term that describes the appearance of an organism without regard to its hereditary
constitution?
a. Genotype
b. Values
c. Beliefs
d. Phenotype

146. Who did Albert Einstein call “Father of Modern Science” for use of scientific method in such experiments as
falling bodies, telescope that viewed the moons of Jupiter, and thermometer based on density of liquids?
a. Francis Bacon
b. Erasmus
c. Galileo Galilee
d. Copernicus

147. What are the 2 main proteins comprising skeletal muscle?

a. Myosin and chromatin
b. Pepsin and chromatin
c. Actin and myosin
d. Actin and pepsin

148. What is the expected outcome for mutualism among 2 species?

a. One population will increase while the other will decrease in number
b. One population will increase while the other is stable in number
c. Both population will decrease in number
d. Population of both species will increase in numbers

149. Fungi that absorb nutrients from dead matter are called:
a. Neophytes
b. Epiphytes
c. Omnivores
d. Saprophytes

150. Water can enter plant epidermal cells by:ACTIVE TRANSPORT

a. Passive transport
b. Facilitated diffusion
c. Translocation
d. Osmosis
Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce
carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require
carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials. For this reason, nutrients are translocated from
sources (regions of excess carbohydrates, primarily mature leaves) to sinks (regions where the carbohydrate is
needed).