MORPHOLOGY(SC)

1)Which of following structures is extrachromosomal DNA molecule:

a) Golgi particules
b) proteins
c) plasmids
d) lysosomes
e) sulfide
2(The protein specific for flagella is:
a)keratin
b)flagelin
c) gelatin
d) casein
e) myosin
3(Cocci arranged in pairs or solitary are:
a) streptococci
b) staphylococci
c) diplococci
d) tetracocci
e) sarcina
4(The first reagent used in Ziehl-Neelsen staining is:
a) safranin
b) HCl
c) carbolic fuchsin
d)methylene blue
e) alcohol
5(Which of the following structure is commonly involved in tissue adhesion:
a)capsule
b) peptidoglycan
c) pilli
d) O antigen
e) flagella
6(Choose the complex method of highlighting the volutine granules:
a)Gram method
b) Loeffler method
c) Allbert method
d)Ziehl-Neelsen method
e)Burri-Gins method
7(Mesosomes are internal extensions of the:
a)capsule
b) cell membrane
c) cell wall
d) fimbriae
e) flagella
8(Motility can be demonstrated by the following method:(eu)
-Handing drop
9)Select which of the following structure elements is not specific for prokaryotic cells:
a) cell membrane
b) plasmids
c) nuclear membrane
d) cell wall
e) volutin granules
10(Which of the following is cytoplasmic inclusions important for diagnosis:

11( Which of the following method is the direct method in the diagnosis of infectious
diseases:
a) biochemical method
b) microscopic method
c) skin test
d) serodiagnosis
e) biophysical method
12(Which of the following is a specific feature of mycoplasma:
a) the lack of cell wall
b) the presence of volutine granules
c) it forms spores
d) the lack of inclusion of cholesterol
e) the presence of peptidoglycan
13(Choose the complex method of highlighting the capsule:
a) Burri-Gins method
b) Allbert method
c)Gram method
d) Ziehl-Neelsen method
e) Giemsa method
14(Specify which of the following groups of bacteria has endoflagella Spirill bactria:

15)Metachromatic granules are concentrated crystals of:

a) sulfur
b) lipids
c) dipicolinic acid
d)polymetaphosphate(PO4)
e) faty acids
Which of the following is presented the correct order:
a) Domain, Kingdom, Type, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
b) Order, Family, Genus, Species, Domain, Kingdom, Type, Class
c) Type, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, Domain, Kingdom
d) Genus, Species, Flora, Type, Class, Order, Domain, Family
e)Species, Kingdom, Domain, Class, Order, Male, Genus, Family
17)Choose which of the following bacteria contain a high amount of peptidoglycan:
a) Gram-negative bacteria
b) Gram-positive bacteria
c) mycoplasma
d) fungi
e) viruses
Which of the following structure element is not present in prokaryotes:
a) flagella
b) capsule
c) ribosomes
d) Golgi apparatus
e) mesosomes
19)In the diagnosis of infectious diseases the indirect method is:
a) serodiagnosis
b) identification of DNA or RNA of bacteria
c)bacteriological method
d) microscopical method
e) biological method
20) Which of the following is a specific feature of clostridia:
a) the presence of spores that deform cell
b) the presence of inclusions that deform cell
c)they are acid-fast
d)the presence of spores that do not exceed the diameter of cell
e) they are gram-negative
The method of highlighting of spores is:
a) Giemsa method
b)Ziehl-Neelsen method
c) Albert method
d)Aujeszky method
e) Morozov method
22)Which of the following groups of bacteria have external flagella:
a) cocci
b) spirochetes
c) rickettsiae
d)mycoplasma
e) vibrio
Which of the following defines features of flagella:
a)their number varies up to several hundred per cell
b)they are adhesion factors to the host cells
c) they consist of lipopolysaccharide
d)they participate in bacterial conjugation
e)they are fixed on the cell through basal corpuscles
24)The function of bacterial endospore is:
a) protein synthesis
b)storage
c) reproduction
d)survival
e) source of energy
Choose the semi-permeable structure that performs internal and external transport:
a) cell membrane
b) cell wall
c)cytoplasm
d) nuclear membrane
e)genetic materia
26)Which of the following cellular structure contains peptidoglycan:
a) cell membrane
b)glycocalis
c) spores
d) cell wall
e) flagella
27)The specific color of Gram-positive bacteria is:
-Viuolet/purple
28)Which of the following bacteria belong to prokaryotic cell type:

29)Which of the following defines specific feature of bacilli:

a) they are peritrichous
b) the have spores that deform the cell
c) the presence of spores that do not exceed the diameter of cell
d) they are monotrichous
e) they are eukaryotic
30)Choose the method of highlighting the nuclear substance(nucleoid):
a) Gram method
b) Morozov method
c)Giemsa method
d) Robinov Felgen method
e) Aujeszky method
31)Bacterial arrangement in a packets of eight cells is named:
a) diplococcus
b) staphylococcus
c)tetrads
d) streptococcus
e) sarcina
32)Which of the following bacteria has a curved shape:
a)Sarcina
b)Bacillus
c)Bacterium
d)Costridium
e) Borrelia
33)The location of the bacterial chromosome is:
a) nucleoli
b) nucleus
c)nucleoid
d) nucleotides
e) plasmid
34)Rod-shaped bacteria are:
a) vibrio
b) clostridia
c) spirochete
d) tetracocci
e) mycoplasma
Choose polymorphic forms of bacteria:
a) coccus
b) bacterium
c) clostridia
d) mycoplasma
e) spirilla
36)Choose the essential structure of the bacterial cell:
a)capsule
b) flagella
c)ribosomes
d) fimbriae
e) inclusions
37)Which division of bacteria has a gram-positive cell wall:
a) Firmicutes
b) Gracilicutes
c) Tenericutes
d) Archaebacteria
e) Mendosicutes
38)Which of the following statements about functions of the cell wall is true:
a) it shapes the cell
b) it provides protection to cell
c) it has antigenicity function
d) it maintains osmotic pressure
e) all of the above
39)Choose the acellular form of microorganisms:
a) mycoplasma
b) chlamidia
c) rickettsia
d) viruses
e) fungi
40)The chemical composition of spores includes:
a) dipicolinic acids
b) lipids
c) waxes
d)proteins
e) LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
41)Choose the structure element possessing the metachromatic property:
a) glycogen inclusions
b) sulfur inclusions
c) protein inclusions
d)volutin inclusions
e) lipid inclusions
42)The microscopic method used for rapid identification of bacteria from specimen:
a) dark-field microscopy
b) immunofluorescence microscopy
c) phase contrast microscopy
d) immersion optical microscopy
e) dry optical microscopy
43)Which of the following is specific for streptococci:
-round erin chin
44)Which type of microorganisms is characterized by the presence of cell wall:
-All except micro plasm
45)Which of the following statements is on the function of bacterial capsule:
-protection from immune system
46)A spiral-shaped of bacterium is:
a) chlamydia
b) bacterium
c) bacillus
d) leptospira
e) streptococci
47)The taxonomic designation which is written in small letters:
a) Class
b) Order
c) Family
d) Genus
e) Species
48)Virus is a tiny infectious:

49)Nucleic acids of viruses are:

a) DNA only
b) RNA only
c) either DNA or RNA
d) both DNA and RNA
e) fat particles
50) The permanent element of prokaryotic cell
-cell wall/nuclear/ribosome

By Alon Sionov
MORPHOLOGY(MC)

1( Which of the following are even smaller than viruses:

2(About pilli:
3(The genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in:
a) nucleoid
b) cell membrane
c) nuclear particles
d) plasmids
e) nucleolus
4(Which of the following is a part of the chemical composition of viruses
5(The types of bacterial pili are:
a) common pili (fimbriae)
b) conjugative pili
c) the parietal pili
d) the lateral pili
e) transversal pili
6(Which of the following is a part of the chemical composition of envelop(viruses):
a) glycoproteins
b) lipids
c) transmembrane protein
d) teichoic acid
e) proteases
7(Which of the following is a part of the chemical composition of the cell wall:
a) peptidoglycan
b) teichoic acids
c) sulfur
d) asparagine
e) phospholipids
Which of the following reagents are used in Ziehl Neelsen staining:
a) Pfeiffer fuchsine
b) carbolic fuchsine
c) methylene blue
d) 0.5% hydrochloric acid
e) iodine
9( Choose methods of study of bacterial motility:
a) dark field microscopy
b) phase-contrast microscopy
c) electron microscopy
d) luminescent microscopy
e) in the semiliquid agar
10(The genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in:
a) nucleoid
b) cell membrane
c) nuclear particles
d) plasmids
e) nucleolus
11(Whichi of the following statements defines function of bacterial capsule:
a) it protects bacteria from immune humoral factors
b) it is the storage of oxidoreductase
c) it ensures bacteriae metabolism
d) it participates actively in sporogenesis
e) it is antiphagocytic factor
12(Laboratories are classified according to their destination into:
a) micological(fungy)
b) extremly contagious laboratory
c) contagious laboratory
d) bacteriological laboratory
e) virological laboratory
13(Specific functions of capsule are:
a) it prevents desiccation
b) it is nutritive reserve
c) it has the antigenic specificity (Ag K)
d) it ensures transfer of genetic information
e) it ensures adherence of bacteria to the substrate
The structural elements specific for complex viruses are:
a) capsid
b) envelope
c) capsule
d) cell wall
e) nucleic acids
15(Specific features of order Firmicutes are:
a) tick cell wall
b) in the cell wall peptidoglycan predominate
c) they are Gram-positive
d) they lack cell wall
e) they are Gram-negative
16(Which of the following reagents are used in Gram stain:
a) methylene blue
b) alcohol
c) iodine
d) watery fuchsine
e) 5% sulfuric acid
Which of the following reagents are used in Gram stain:
a) crystal violet
b) 0.5% hydrochloric acid 0.5%
c) carbolic fuchsine
d) Pfeiffer fuchsine
e) iodine
17(Chemical compounds specific for capsule are:
a) flagellin
b) peptidoglycan
c) polysaccharides
d) phospholipids
e) polypeptide
18(Choose the cocci that are divided into several planes:
a) Micrococcus
b) Diplococcus
c) Tetracoccus
d) Staphylococcus
e) Sarcina
19(According to the Gram staining bacteria are classified into
20(The cytoplasmic membrane forms invagination called:
a) lateral mitochondria
b) ribosomal invagination
c) lateral mesosome
d) septal mesosome
e) endoplasmic reticulum
21(Choose the colors and reagents used in Burri-Ginss staining:
a) crystal violet
b) China ink
c) carbolic fuchsine
d) watery fuchsine
e) methylene blue
22(Direct methods of highlighting of cytoplasmic membrane are:
a) the electron microscopy
b) plasmolysis
c) plasmoptisis
d) Burri-Ginss method
e) Foelgen method
23(Choose the complex method of staining:
a) Gram staining
b) Aujeszky staining
c) Zeihl-Neelsen staining
d) Loeffler (volutine granule) staining
e) methylene blue staining
24(The nonessential structure of bacterial cells is:
a) spore
b) capsule
c) cytoplasmic membrane
d) ribosomes
e) cell wall
25(Which of the following statements defines functions of bacterial capsule:
a) it protects bacterial cell against humoral factors
b) it is the site of oxidoreductases
c) it provides resistance of bacteria in the environment
d) it participates actively in sporogenesis
e) it protects bacterial cell against phagocytosis
26(The group of bacteria with mobility property is:
a) coccus
b) bacterium
c) rickettsia
d) vibrio
e) spirillum
27(Which of the following statements concerning bacterial spores is correct:
a) spores are formed under absence of carbon
b) spores are resistance to boiling
c) spores contain dipicolinic acid
d) spores are specific for all types of bacteria
e) spores contain salts in high concentration
28(The functions of the cytoplasmic membrane are
29(The essence of simple method of staining is:
a) it determines the shape of bacteria
b) it highlights the cell wall of bacteria
c) it determines the arrangement of bacteria in smear
d) it determines the tinctorial properties of bacteria
e) it highlights spores of bacteria
30(The types of bacterial plasmids are:
a) tox plasmids
b)col plasmids
c) V plasmids
d) R plasmids
e) Hly plasmids
31(Conditions that ensure high resistance of the spore in unfavorable environment are:
a) it contains high amount of lipoprotein
b) it contains high amount of salts of Ca
c) it contains high amount of dipicolinic acid
d)it contains phosphates
e) it does not contain free water
The arrangement of the spherical forms of bacteria in the smear are:
a) in pairs
b) chains
c) icosahedral shape
d) clusters
e) in the form of inverted tree
33(The taxonomic categories that are written in capital letters are:
a) Class
b) Order
c) Family
d) Genus
e) Species
34(The taxonomic categories used to name bacterial species are:
a) Schizomycetes
b) Micrococcaceae
c) Staphylococcus aureus
d) Bacillus
e) Bacillus anthracis
35(Which of the following statements about cell wall are correct:
a) it is thinner in gram-positive than in gram-negative
b) it can be degraded by lysozyme
c) it has backbone composed of alternating units of muramic and acetylglucosamine
d) it contains peptidoglycan
e) it is thicker in gram-positive than in gram –negative
36(The structures that ensure fixation of chili to Gram negative bacteria are:
a) cytoplasmic membrane
b) capsule
c) periplasmic space
d) peptidoglycan
e) external membrane
37(The cell wall functions are:
a) it determines toxicity of bacteria
b) it is the target of attack of enzymes
c) it has receptor function
d) it ensures mobility of bacteria
e) it has antiphagocytic function
38(List the microscopic methods for studying native preparations:
39(Which of the following chemical compound are found in cytoplasmic membrane:
a) carbohydrates in large amounts
b) proteins
c) phospholipids
d) teichoic acids
e) lipopolysaccharides
40(Choose the taxonomic categories used to name of the species of bacteria:
a) Species
b) Family
c) Order
d) Genus
e) Class
41(The features characteristic of prokaryotic cells are:
a) they have 80S ribosomes
b) they have nuclear membrane
c) they contain mesosomes
d) they contain endoplasmic reticulum
e) they have 70S ribosomes
42(The arrangement of bacterial spore in the cell is:
43(In Gram staining the decolorization of gram-negative bacteria by alcohol is mostly
related to:
a) proteins encoded by F plasmids
b) lipids in the cell wall
c) 70S ribosomes
d) the presence of large and superficial pores
e) branched polysaccharides in the capsule
44(Gram stain is used for:
a) diagnosis
b)highlighting of volutin granule
c) determination of antibiotic treatment
d) highlighting of acid-fast bacteria
e)determination of nucleic acid
45(The subunits of measure used for microorganisms are:
a) millimeters (mm)
b) micrometers
c) nanometers (nm)
d) decimeters(dm)
e) picometers (pm)
46(The methods of fixation of smears are:
a) biological
b) biophysical
c) physical(heating)
d) chemical
e) biochemical
47(Characteristic features of eukaryotic cells:
a) they have 80S ribosomes
b) they have nuclear membrane
c) they contain mesosomes
d) they contain endoplasmic reticulum
e) they have 70S ribosomes
48(Compounds that can be found in Gram-positive wall cells are:
a) lipopolysaccharide
b) outer membrane
c) teichoic acids
d) lipoteichoic acids
e) peptidoglycan
49(Choose the dyes used for staining of bacteria:
a) hematoxylin
b) methylene blue
c) fuchsine
d) methionine
e) crystal violet
50(Which of the following structural elements are used in identification of bacteria:
a)fimbriae
b)capsule
c) sex pilli
d) volutine granule
e)flagella
51(The function of fimbriae are:
a) adhesion
b) to ensure resistance in the environment
c) to ensure virulence
d) to keep genetic information
e) to participate in conjugation of bacteria
 PHYSIOLOGY SC
1(Which of the following organism is completely dependent on atmospheric O 2 for growth:
2(Bacteria with increased resistance to environmental factors is:
a) are pathogenic
b) are cultivated in lab
c) have sporulated forms
d) are mobile,with pathogenicity enzyme
e) have the ability for adhesion
3(Supercooling at - 700C that allows preserving microorganisms few months is called:
a) tyndalization
b) pasteurization
c) sterilization
d) freezing
e) lyophilization
4(Sterilization with hot air is indicated for the following:
a) fabrics and cotton fibers
b) contaminated materials(specimens) from the lab
c) powders
d) injectable solutions
e) items from rubber
5)In decline phase bacterial cultures are characterized by the following features:
a) the growth rate is null
b) the number of inoculated bacteria remains stationary
c) the number of bacteria increase in geometric progression
d) the rate of destruction of bacteria is gradually increasing
e) sensitivity to antibiotic is maximum
6(Which of the following refers to the enrichment culture media:
a) Levine medium
b) Kligler(TSI) medium
c) Olkeniţki medium
d) Kitt-Tarozzi medium
e) blood agar medium
Which of the following statements of the mechanism of action of tetracyclines is true:
a) they inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
b) they alter the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane
c) they inhibit protein synthesis
d) they are fixed to the membranic sterols
e) they inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids
8(Which of the following organism has an optimal growth rate when the H 2 concentration
is very high:
9(The term facultative anaerobe referes to a organism that:
10(Pasteurization is an example of what kind of technique:
11(The combination of freezing and drying is known as:

12(Sterilization with hot air is indicated for:

a) materials and cotton threads
b) contaminated material from the lab
c) oil
d) injectable solutions
e) items with rubber
13(The period of time of generation of pathogenic bacteria may be the following EXEPT:
14(Enzymatic activity of bacteria is studied in the following nutrition media:
a) elective media
b) selective media
c) differential diagnostic media
d) common media
e) transport media
15(Each of the following statements concernig the killing of bacteriais correct EXCEPT of:
16(Which of the following organic compounds is a universal source of energy for bacteria:
a) lipids
b) proteins
c) nucleoprotein
d) carbohydrates
e) lipopolysaccharide
17(The term obligate anaerobe refers to an organism that:
18(Efficiency control of sterilization to 121°C in autoclave is performed using the following
indicator:
a) capsulated bacteria
b) benzoic acid
c) solution of alpha naphthol
d) mobile bacteria
e) tablets with bacteriophage

19( Which of the following antibiotic agents would be expected to be most toxic to humans:
20(Which of the following is the building block of proteins:
a) aminoacids
b) monosaccharides
c) polysaccharides
d) peptone
e) nucleotides
21(The term phagoidentification is:
22(Identification of bacteria according to peptolytic activity is done by highlighting of the
following peptone degradation product:
a) nitrates
b) fatty acids
c) nitrites
d) indol
e) organic acids

23(Mesophilic bacteria grow and multiply at temperatures ranging from:

a) 0 + 300C
b) + 20 - + 400C
c) + 45 - + 600C
d) - 10 - + 100C
e) > 600C
24(Complete destruction of microorganisms in the substrate at high temperatures is called:
a) tyndalyzation
b) pasteurization
c) sterilization
d) freezing
e) lyophilization
25(To identification bacteria deamination of the following amino acid is determined:
26(Inoculation of pure culture into peptone broth is performed in order:
a) to obtain pure culture of bacteria
b) to obtain isolated(discret) colonies
c) to determine proteolytic activity
d) to determine the type of bacteriophage
e) to determine oxidoreductases
27( All of the following are true about agar EXCEPT:
28(Identification of bacteria by peptolytic activity is done by highiliting of the following
product of degradation of peptones:
a) ammonia
b) nitrites
c) nitrates
d) fatty acids
e) organic acids

29(Which of the following scientists discovered penicillin:

30(Psychrophilic bacteria grow and multiply at the temperature ranging from:

a) 0 - + 300C
b) + 20 - + 400C
c) + 45 - + 600C
d) -10 - + 100C
e) > 600C

31(If a canning procedure is not properly followed which type of microbe is most likely to
grow in the canned food:
32(Which of the following disinfectants acts by disrupting microbial membrane:

33(Continuous cultures of aerobic bacteria are maintained by adding permanent sources

of:
a) organic carbon
b) organic nitrogen
c) hydrogen
d) oxygen
e) carbon dioxide

34(Carboxylic bacteria are grown under the following conditions:

a) aerobic
b) anaerobic
c) 5-10% nitrogen
d) 5- 10% carbon dioxide
e) 5-10% of ethylene oxide
35(Which of the following procedures can be used to isolate a pure culture of a m/o from
mixture culture:
36(Bacteria that use an organic compound as a source of energy and carbon are called:
a) prototrophic bacteria
b) chemoautotrophic bacteria
c) auxotrophic bacteria
d) autotrophic bacteria
e) chemoheterotrophic bacteria
37(Enzymes that destroy the bonds between C atoms and N, O, S are called:
a) oxidoreductases
b) hydrolases
c) transferases
d) ligases
e) isomerase
38(Thermophilic bacteria grow and multiply at the temperature ranging from:
a) 0 - + 300C
b) +20 - + 400C
c) + 45 - + 600C
d) -10 - + 100C
e) > 950C
39(When placed into hypertonic solution, bacterial cell will:

40(Continuous cultures of carboxylic bacteria are maintained by permanent adding

sources of:
a) organic sulfur
b) organic nitrogen
c) hydrogen
d) oxygen
e) carbon dioxide
41(The following steps are required for isolation of aerobic bacteria, EXEPT of:

42(A class of relationships between two organisms were one organism benefits from the
other without affecting it is called:

43(Which of the following refers to special culture media:

44(Which of the following uses radiant energy as their energy source:

45(Enzymes which perform transit of radicals by catalysis from one molecule to another
are:
a) oxidoreductases
b) hydrolases
c) transferases
d) lyases
e) isomerases
By Alon Sionov

PHYSIOLOGY MC

1)Peptone broth contains the following ingredients:

a) peptone
b) glucose
c) sodium chloride
d) beef extract
e) distilled water
2)TSI (three sugar iron agar) medium consists of the following:

3)Sterilization is indispensable for:

4)At the third step of bacteriological method the workload includes:

a) determination of biochemical activity
b) study of morphotinctorial character
c) study culture character
d) susceptibility test (antibiotic)
e) inoculation on slant agar
5)Combination of antibiotics in antimicrobial treatment is indicated:
a) before the antibiotic susceptibility test
b) in mixed infections
c) in viral infections
d) to obtain synergetic effects
e) in any infection
6)Molecular biology techniques:
a) are based on the ability of a single-stranded nucleic acid sequence (DNA or RNA) to bind
specifically to its complementary sequence (based on the concept of molecular hybridization)
b) are intended to emphasize nucleic acids
c) their sensitivity can be increased by amplification
d) can provide only a qualitative result
e) the PCR is the most commonly used technique
7)The inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis is done by:
a) polyene
b) sulfonamides
c) chinolons
d) rifamipin
e) betalactams
8)Complex media are classified according to purpose into the following groups:
a) usual (simple) medium
b) elective medium
c) differential diagnosis medium
d) enrichment medium
e) alternative medium
9)Which of the following has to be mandatorily sterilized:
a) recipients and instruments for isolating pure cultures
b) nutrition media
c) contaminated materials after their study in the bacteriological lab
d) instrments in contact with the mucosa (endoscopes, probes, etc.)
e) secretions(exudate) of infectious patients
10)At the second step of isolation of aerobic culture the work load includes:

11)„R” colonies have the following characteristics:

12. Polyenes (nystatin, levurine) are antibiotics active in relation to:

13)Which of the following biological products refers to eubiotics:

a) lactobacterine
b) penicillin
c) colibacterine
d) bificol
e) staphilobacterine
14)Culture media must correspond to the following requirements:
a) possess a slightly acidic reaction
b) be sterile
c) possess a certain potential redox
d) be hypotonic
e) be nutritious
15)Culture media are classified according to their composition into:
a) dosed media
b) empiric media
c) common(ordinary) media
d) complex media
e) synthetic media

16. Hiss medium contains the following:

17. Which of the following chemicals denatures (coagulates) proteins:

18)Sterilization by hot air is indicated for:

a) aqueous solution
b) rubber objects
c) porcelain objects
d) glass objects
e) surgical instruments of metals
19)In the first stage of isolation of pure culture of aerobic bacteria the workload includes:
a) determination of biochemical activity
b) study of morphologic and tinctorial features
c) study of culture features of bacteria
d) streaking on agar plate
e) innoculation in peptone broth

20. “S” colonies are characterized by the following features:

21. Antibiotics can inhibit the following cell processes:

22)The following types of bacterial antagonism are distinguished:

a) alternative bacterial antagonism
b) passive bacterial antagonism
c) active bacterial antagonism
d) specific bacterial antagonism
e) nonspecific bacterial antagonism

23. Culture media must correspond to the following requirements:

24. Beaf extract contains the following nutrients:

25)Hiss media contains the following ingredients:

a) glucose
b) lactose
c) mannitol
d) iron acetate
e) lead acetate
26. Which of the following antimicrobial agents work by inhibiting cell wall synthesis:

27)Mechanical method of sterilization includes the following:

a) use of ultrasound
b) filtration by Seitz filters
c) use of Berkefeld filters
d) washing of objects with detergents
e) exposure to sunlight
28)Isolation of anaerobes is done by:
a) Zeissler method
b) Otto method
c) Furt method
d) Fisher method
e) Weinberg method
29)Type "R" colonies are characterized by the following features:
a) they are of small sizes
b) they are semitransparent or transparent
c) they have opaque and dry surface
d) they have irregular margins
e) they have heterogeneous structure
30)Negative effects of antibiotics therapy may be:
a) toxic
b) dysbiosis
c) linear evolution of C-reactive protein
d) increased concentration of "R"plasmids ( resistance)
e) sensitizing effects(allergy)
31)Which of the following defines the practical use of bacteriophages:
a) production of vaccines
b) therapy and prophylaxis of infections
c) identification of isolated bacteria in the laboratory
d) they are used as a model for geneticians
e) stimulation of immunity
32. Culture media are classified according to consistence:

33. Which of the following is best to sterilize heat labile solutions:

34. Which of the following are considered eubiotics:

35)The antibacterial effect of pasteurization is based on:

a) cavitation
b) thermal shock
c) appearance of OH radicals and O2
d) moist heat
e) changing of the surface tension of the cell wall
36)Anaerobic conditions are created by the following methods:
a) mechanical
b) physical
c) chemical
d) biological
e) synthetic

37. “R” colonies are characterized by the following features:

38. Which of the following items could be sterilized by dry heat sterilization:

39)Culture media according to origine are classified into:

a) commercial media
b) empiric media
c) artificial media
d) semisynthetic media
e) synthetic media

40. Microorganisms are used in which of the following industries:

41)Which of the following basic tests is used for identification of isolated culture:
a) study of morphological tinctorial properties of bacteria
b) determination of biochemical activity
c) allergic test
d) determination of antigenic structure of bacteria
e) determination immune status

42. “S” shaped colony is characterized by the following features:

43)Ineffectiveness of antibiotic is confirmed by:

a) increase of C-reactive protein
b) decrease of C-reactive protein
c) increase of sedimentation rate of erythrocyte
d) normalization of leukocyte formula
e) detection of causative agent by microscopy
44)Glucose, sucrose and cellulose are examples of:
a) carbohydrates
b) aminoacids
c) nucleotides
d) peptides
e) disaccharides

45. Which of the following sites of human the human body does not have indigenous
microflora:

46)Proteolytic activity of bacteria is determined by highlighting of the

following metabolic products:
a) ammonia
b) indol
c) organic acids
d) hydrogen sulfide
e) carbon dioxide
47)The determination of antibiotic susceptibility of a microbial strain is done by:
a) successive dilutions in liquid medium
b) Otto method
c) successive dilutions in solid medium
d) agar diffusion procedure
e) Appelman method
48)Determination of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is indicated in the
following cases:
a) septicemia
b) postoperative wounds
c) acute pneumonia
d) renal failure
e) subacute endocarditis

49. The following drugs act by inhibiting cell wall synthesis of the micro-organisms:

By Alon Sionov