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 ŏŏ

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ĨāĂŏ

ŏġŏŏ ĩ



(Regular Sessions of the Senate- February to December, 2018)
IT IS NOTIFIED for general information, that pursuant to standing order 29 of the Senate Standing Orders, by a
Resolution made on Tuesday, 20th February, 2018, the Senate approved its Calendar (Regular Sessions) for the
Second Session, 2018 as set out in the Schedule.


  ŏ
   ŏ
 ŏ

!+* ŏ!//%+*ŏčŏ.0ŏ
13th February, 2018 Tuesdays – afternoon 30th March, 2018
to Wednesdays – afternoon to
29th March, 2018 Thursdays – afternoon 7th May, 2018
!+* ŏ!//%+*ŏčŏ.0ŏ
8th May, 2018 Tuesdays – afternoon 22nd June, 2018
to Wednesdays – afternoon to
21st June, 2018 Thursdays – afternoon 2nd July, 2018
!+* ŏ!//%+*ŏčŏ.0ŏ
3rd July, 2018 Tuesdays – afternoon 10th August, 2018
to Wednesdays – afternoon to
9 August, 2018
th
Thursdays – afternoon 10th September, 2018
!+* ŏ!//%+*ŏčŏ.0ŏ 
11th September, 2018 Tuesdays – afternoon 26th October, 2018
to Wednesdays – afternoon to
25th October, 2018 Thursdays – afternoon 5th November, 2018
!+* ŏ!//%+*ŏčŏ.0ŏ
6th November, 2018 Tuesdays – afternoon 7th December, 2018
to Wednesdays – afternoon to
6th December, 2018 Thursdays – afternoon 11th February, 2019

NOTE:
i) The Senate shall sit from 2.30 p.m. to 6.30 p.m. pursuant to standing order 31 of the Senate Standing Orders.
ii) Special Sittings shall be notified through Kenya Gazette notices, as per standing order 30 of the Senate Standing Orders.

J. M. NYEGENYE, CBS.
Clerk of the Senate
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Article 118(1)(b) of the Constitution provides that “Parliament shall facilitate public $1./ 5ŏ āĀċĀĀŏċ)ċŏĢŏăċĀĀŏ,ċ)ċ +10$ŏ%**#+, %0$%
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recommendations of the public when the Committee makes its report to the House”. .% 5 āĀċĀĀŏċ)ċŏĢŏăċĀĀŏ,ċ)ċ +.0$ŏ%**#+, +.0$ŏ  1*51ŏ&!.1ŏ+%(ŏ
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for the development and regulation of a warehouse receipt system for agricultural Ă* ŏ .$ŏĂĀāĉ $1.$ŏ((
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The Warehouse Receipts System Irrigation Bill, 2018 has undergone First Reading ŏĆ0$ŏ .$ŏĂĀāĉ $1.$ŏ((
pursuant to Standing Order 127(3) and is now committed to the Departmental Committee 1!/ 5 āĀċĀĀŏċ)ċŏĢŏăċĀĀŏ,ċ)ċ (ŏ(+1 %)# 
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on Agriculture and Livestock for consideration and thereafter report to the House. ŏć0$ŏ .$ŏĂĀāĉ $1.$ŏ((ŏ

!)!./ŏ+"ŏ0$!ŏ1(%Čŏ%2%(ŏ+%!05ŏ.#*%/0%+*/Čŏ+*ġ+2!.*)!*0(ŏ.#*%/0%+*/Čŏ.+"!//%+*(ŏ
Pursuant to Article 118(1)(b) and Standing Order 127(3), the Committee invites interested + %!/ŏ* ŏ!+,(!ŏ3%0$ŏ$((!*#! ŏ%(%0%!/Čŏ+10$Čŏ+)!*ŏ.+1,/ŏ* ŏ((ŏ/0'!$+( !./ŏ.!ŏ%*2%0! ŏ
members of the Public to submit any representations they may have on the said Bill. The 0+ŏ00!* ċŏ
representations may be forwarded to the Clerk of the National Assembly, P.O. Box 41842-
00100, Nairobi; hand-delivered to the Office of the Clerk, Main Parliament Buildings, +.ŏ)+.!ŏ%*"+.)0%+*ŏ2%/%0ŏ0$!ŏ
//!)(5Ě/ŏ3!/%0!ŏ$00,čĥĥ333ċ//!)(5ċ*5* .1ċ#+ċ'!ŏ+.ŏ3.%0!ŏ
Nairobi; or emailed to clerk@parliament.go.ke; to be received on or before Monday 5th !)+.* Ĩ/ĩŏ 0+ŏ 0$!ŏ þ!ŏ +"ŏ 0$!ŏ (!.'Čŏ ċŏ +4ŏ ĈĂĀġĂĀăĀăČŏ (ġ(+1Ďŏ +.ŏ $* ŏ !(%2!.ŏ 0+ŏ 0$!ŏ
March , 2018 at 5.00 pm. +1*05ŏ
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MICHAEL R. SIALAI, EBS
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CLERK OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
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National Environment Management Authority

Popo Road, off Mombasa Road
P.O. BOX 67839-00200, Nairobii, Kenya
T el: (254 020) 2183718, 2101370, Fax: (254 020) 6008997)
E-mail: dgnema@nema.go.ke Website: www.nema.go.ke

NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC TO SUBMIT COMMENTS ON AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

STUDY REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS ON
PLOT LR NO.209/14070 IN NAIROBI COUNTY

Pursuant to Regulation 21 of the Environmental Management and Coordination (Impact Assessment and Audit) Regulations, 2003, the
National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) has received an Environmental Impact Assessment Study Report for the above proposed
project.
The Proponent, United Africa Construction Ltd, is proposing to construct residential apartments on Plot LR. No.209/14070 situated along Kodi
road 2 which connects Mombasa road and borders southern by pass. The development comprises three blocks of 15 floors, inclusive of ground
floor and lower ground floor. The apartments on the first and second floor will have general facilities. The thirteen typical upper floors will have
necessary sanitation facilities.
The following are the anticipated impacts and proposed mitigation measures:
Impacts Proposed Mitigation Measures
Hydrology • Hazardous substance control and emergency response plan that will include preparation for quick and safe clean-up
and Water of accidental spill
supply quality • Hazard pus-materials handling procedures to reduce the potentials for spill during construction
Degradation • Identify areas where refueling and vehicle maintenance activities and storage of hazardous materials , if any, shall be
permitted
Dust and • Ensure strict enforcement of on-site speed limit regulations
exhaust • Sprinkle water on graded access routes when necessary to reduce dust generation by construction vehicles
emission • Personal protective equipment to be worn
• Alternatively fueled construction equipment shall be used where feasible; equipment shall be properly tuned and maintained
• Strict adherence to Air Quality Regulations, 2014.
Noise pollution • Sensitive construction vehicle drivers machinery operators to switch off vehicle or machinery not being used
and vibration • Ensure that construction machinery are kept in good condition to reduce noise generation
• Trees around the site shall provide some buffer against noise propagation
• The noisy construction works shall entirely be planned to be during day time when most of the neighbours shall be
away at work.
• Adherence to Noise And Excessive Vibration Pollution (Control) Regulations, 2009
Oil spills • A designated garage section of the site fitted with trapping equipment to be planned for changes. such an area shall
be well protected from contaminating the soil
Solid waste • Use of an integrated solid waste management system i.e. recover, recycle and reuse
generation • Through accurate estimation of the sizes and qualities of materials required, order materials in the sizes and qualities ŏħŏ

they will be needed, rather than cutting them to size or having large quantity residual materials
• Ensure that damaged or wasted construction materials are recovered for refurbishing and use in other projects.
• Donate recyclables /reusable or residual materials to local community groups, institutions, and individual local
residents or home owners.
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• Provide facilities for proper handling and storage of construction materials to reduce the amount of waste caused by Eda^XZdôXZghejh]WVX`VegdiZhiZg^c[gdcid[i]Z<gZZ`eVga^VbZci^c
damage or exposure.
• Use building materials that have minimal or no packaging to avoid the generation of excessive packaging waste
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• Reuse packaging materials such as cartons, cement bags, empty metals and plastic containers to reduce waste at the site. gZ[dgbaVlidWZkdiZY^ceVga^VbZci#<gZZXZÅhXgZY^idghWZ\^c^c6i]Zch
• Dispose waste more responsibly by dumping at designated dumping sites or landfills only
• Waste collection bins to be provided at designated points on site. i]ZZmVb^cVi^dcd[VaVhieVX`V\Zd[gZ[dgbhidWZVYdeiZYWZ[dgZi]ZZcY
• Running educational campaigns amongst residents, e.g. through use of posters, to encourage reuse or recycling of
the solid waste.
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• Strict adherence to Waste Management Regulations, 2006.
Increased • Provision of soil conservation structures like planting ground cover vegetation (grass) on erosion prone areas to
surface water control occurrence of soil movement.
runoffs and soil • Provide specific access routes so that trucks does not loosen soil all over the site
erosion • Control construction activities especially during rainy seasons to reduce loosening top soil
• Avoid unnecessary soil excavations on the site to prevent loosening soil and exposure to eroding agents like water
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and wind.
• Landscape open areas after completion of the project

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• Monitor the natural flow system during heavy rains and make improvements where necessary.
Generation of • Provision of means for handling sewerage generated by construction workers (there are toilets connected to septic +3!.
waste water tanks on the site).
• Conduct regular checks for sewage pipe blockages or damages since vices can lead to release of the effluent into the
the land water bodies

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• Monitor effluent quality regularly to ensure that the stipulated discharge rules and standards are not violated
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• Strict adherence to Water Quality Regulations, 2006
Occupational • Ensure that provisions for reporting incidents and dangerous occurrences during construction using prescribed forms
Health & obtainable from the local occupational health and safety office (OHSO) are in place.
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Safety • Enforcing adherences to safety procedures and preparing contingency plan for accidental response in addition to ƫ! %*#ƫ+*0.+(ƫ0+ƫ0$!ƫ
safety education and training shall be emphasized +%(ƫ!)+.0/ƫ+"ƫ0$!ƫ
• Ensure that the premises are insured as per statutory requirements(Third party and workman’s compensation) ,+3!."1(ƫü**!ƫ)%*%/0.5Čƫ

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• Develop, efficient , clean well-lit and adequate sanitary conveniences have been provided for construction
• Comply with the provisions of OSHA 2007
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ƫ#1.*0+.ƫ+"ƫ1 #!0.5ƫ
The full report of the proposed project is available for inspection during working hours at:
1. Principal Secretary, .%#+1.ƫ%*ƫ!.)*5ƫ* ƫ0$!ƫ
Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, !1.+6+*!ċ
NHIF Building, 12th Floor,
Ragati Road, Upper Hill, ƫ,,+*!*0/ƫ+"ƫ !.'!(Ě/ƫ
P.O. BOX: 30126-00100,
NAIROBI
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2. Director General, NEMA Popo Road, off Mombasa Road, P.O. BOX 67839-00200, NAIROBI #.+3*ƫ)+.!ƫ+10/,+'!*ƫ/ƫ
3. County Director of Environment NAIROBI COUNTY W^\\ZhiVeeaVjhZ _ji
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A copy of the EIA report can be downloaded at www.nema.go.ke
NEMA invites members of the public to submit oral or written comments within thirty (30) days from the date of publication of this notice to the
Director General, NEMA, to assist the Authority in the decision making process for this project. Kindly quote-ref.no.NEMA/EIA/5/2/1434
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Comments can also be e-mailed to dgnema(&nema.go.ke
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This advertisement is sponsored by the proponent. /5(1)ƫ/!!'!./ƫ/%*!ƫĂĀāĆċ
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%.,+.0/ŏ+ŏ%)%0! ŏ !.%2!/ŏ%0/ŏ)!)!./$%,ŏ".+)ŏ/0ûŏ+"ŏ!*5ŏ
%.,+.0/ŏ
10$+.%05ŏĨċ
ċ
ĩċŏ+ŏ!*(!ŏ%0ŏ0+ŏ !-10!(5ŏ
,.+2% !ŏ!û!0%2!ŏ/!.2%!/ŏ0+ŏ%0/ŏ)!)!./ŏ* ŏ!*/1.!ŏ!û!0%2!*!//ŏ+"ŏ+2!.**!Čŏ%/'Čŏ+),(%*!ŏ* ŏ+*0.+(/Čŏ0$!ŏ Central Bank of Kenya is pleased to offer eligible investors another opportunity to participate

ŏ%/ŏ(++'%*#ŏ"+.ŏŏ$%#$(5ŏ+),!0!*0Čŏ,//%+*0!Čŏ ! %0! ŏ* ŏ/!("ŏ .%2!*ŏ%* %2% 1(ŏ+"ŏ$%#$ŏ%*0!#.%05ŏ3$+ŏ%/ŏ(!ŏ0+ŏ
!)+*/0.0!ŏ/0.+*#ŏ(! !./$%,ŏ/'%((/ŏ0+ŏü((ŏ0$!ŏ,+/%0%+*ŏ+"ŏ*ŏ *0!.*(ŏ
1 %0+.ŏ *#!.ċ
in a Tap Sale of the above Treasury Bonds whose details are as in the prospectus issued
value date 26/02/2018. The Tap Sale will be offered on a first - come - first - served basis.

ŏ
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 Other features are as summarised in the table below.
$!ŏ$+( !.ŏ3%((ŏ!ŏ+1*0(!ŏ0+ŏ0$!ŏ
1 %0ŏ+))%00!!ŏ+"ŏ0$!ŏ+ŏ* ŏ )%*%/0.0%2!(5ŏ0+ŏ0$!ŏ$%!"ŏ4!10%2!ŏþ!.ċŏ
$!ŏ$+( !.ŏ%/ŏ!4,!0! ŏ0+ŏ1* !.0'!ŏ.%/'ŏ/! ŏ1 %0ŏ,(**%*#Čŏ!4!10%*#Čŏ.!,+.0%*#ŏ* ŏ"+((+3ŏ1,ŏ+"ŏ.+10%*!ŏ* ŏ.%/'ŏ Period of Sale Tuesday, 27th February 2018 to Thursday, 1st March 2018 or
"1*0%+*ŏ +"ŏ 0$!ŏ 
Čŏ ,.+2% !/ŏ *ŏ %* !,!* !*0ŏ //!//)!*0ŏ +"ŏ 0$!ŏ  !-15ŏ +"ŏ 0$!ŏ *0!.*(ŏ +*0.+(/Čŏ %*(1 %*#ŏ 0$!ŏ
/5/0!)/ŏ"+.ŏ,,.+,.%0!ŏ% !*0%ü0%+*ŏ* ŏ!2(10%+*ŏ+"ŏ.%/'ċ upon attainment of quantum,whichever comes first.
10%!/ŏ* ŏ!/,+*/%%(%0%!/ Amount on offer Kes.27 Billion.
đŏ .!,.%*#ŏ+"ŏ1 %0ŏ,(*/ŏ%*ŏ(%*!ŏ3%0$ŏ1/%*!//ŏ.!-1%.!)!*0/
đŏ /0(%/$%*#ŏ* ŏ)%*0%*%*#ŏ,+(%%!/Čŏ/0* . /ŏ* ŏ#1% !(%*!/ŏ/,!%üŏ0+ŏ0$!ŏ!û!0%2!ŏ %/$.#!ŏ+"ŏ.+(!/ŏ
* ŏ.!/,+*/%%(%0%!/ŏ+"ŏ0$!ŏ%*0!.*(ŏ1 %0ŏ"1*0%+*ċ
Pricing Bids shall be priced at the weighted average rate of the
đŏ !*0%"5ŏ* ŏ.%0%((5ŏ!2(10!ŏ!(!)!*0/ŏ+"ŏ#+2!.**!ŏ* ŏ.%/'ŏ)*#!)!*0ŏ%*ŏ0$!ŏ
 accepted bids for the Treasury Bond auction value dated
đŏ !/%#*Čŏ %),(!)!*0ŏ * ŏ +*0%*1((5ŏ %),.+2!ŏ ,,.+,.%0!ŏ .%/'ŏ )*#!)!*0ŏ ".)!3+.'ŏ 0+ŏ % !*0%"5Čŏ !2(10!Čŏ
)%0%#0!ŏ* ŏ.!,+.0ŏ'!5ŏ.%/'/ŏ0$!ŏ
ŏ%/ŏ!4,+/! ŏ0+Ď 26/02/2018 and adjusted for accrued interest.
đŏ (*ŏ* ŏ!4!10!ŏ%*0!.*(ŏ1 %0/ŏ%*ŏ+. *!ŏ3%0$ŏ *0!.*0%+*(ŏ.+"!//%+*(ŏ.0%!/ŏ.)!3+.'ċ
đŏ %%/!ŏ3%0$ŏ0$!ŏ
/ŏ!40!.*(ŏ1 %0+./ Value Date 5th March, 2018.
đŏ !."+.)%*#ŏ.!2%!3/ŏ+"ŏ%*"+.)0%+*ŏ/5/0!)/ŏ%*/0((0%+*/ŏ* ŏ/!.2%!/ŏ0+ŏ !0!.)%*!ŏ0$!ŏ !-15ŏ+"ŏ(+#%(ŏ
* ŏ,$5/%(ŏ/!1.%05ŏ+*0.+(/Čŏ+,!.0%+*(ŏ$*#!ŏ+*0.+(Čŏ'ŏ1,ŏ* ŏ %//0!.ŏ+*0%*1%05ŏ)*#!)!*0 Payment Deadline By 2.00 pm on 5th March,2018.
đŏ +* 10%*#ŏ* ŏ/1,,+.0%*#ŏü**%(Čŏ+,!.0%+*(ŏ* ŏ%*2!/0%#0%2!ŏ1 %0/ċ
đŏ .!,.!ŏ 1 %0ŏ .!,+.0/ŏ "+.ŏ ,.!/!*00%+*ŏ 0+ŏ 0$!ŏ
1 %0ŏ +))%00!!ŏ * ŏ 0+ŏ !*/1.!ŏ %),(!)!*00%+*ŏ +"ŏ .%/%*#ŏ
.!+))!* 0%+*Ď Auction Results Auction results will be available on Friday, 2nd March 2018
đŏ * !.0'!ŏ*5ŏ+0$!.ŏ1 %0ŏ.!(0! ŏ 10%!/ŏ/ŏ.!-1!/0! ŏ5ŏ0$!ŏ+. ŏ+"ŏ *#!)!*0ċ
Closing date Thursday, 1st March 2018 at 2pm or upon attainment of
%*%)1)ŏ!-1%.!)!*0
đŏ $!(+.Ě/ŏ !#.!!ŏ%*ŏ+1*0%*#ŏ+.ŏ.!(0! ŏ1/%*!//ŏü!( quantum,whichever comes first.
đŏ /0!./ŏ !#.!!ŏ %*ŏ +))!.!Čŏ 1/%*!//ŏ
)%*%/0.0%+*Čŏ %**!Čŏ
+1*0%*#ŏ +.ŏ *5ŏ +0$!.ŏ .!(!2*0ŏ ü!( ŏ +"ŏ
/01 5ŏ3%((ŏ!ŏ*ŏ ! ŏ 2*0#!ċ Bids Allotment Bids will be alloted on a first-come-first-served basis.
đŏ 
ŏĨĩĥ

ŏ".+)ŏŏ.!+#*%6! ŏ%*/0%010%+*/
đŏ  
ŏ-1(%ü0%+*ŏ3%((ŏ!ŏ*ŏ ! ŏ 2*0#! Average Yield FXD1/2010/15 -12.676 % p.a & FXD2/2013/15 -12.906 % p.a
đŏ !)!.ŏ+"ŏ 
ŏ%*ŏ#++ ŏ/0* %*#
đŏ
#!ŏ!03!!*ŏăĀŏ0+ŏąĆŏ5!./ Adjusted Average FXD1/2010/15 - 93.639 & FXD2/2013/15 - 99.304
đŏ
ŏ)%*%)1)ŏ+"ŏü2!ŏĨĆĩŏ5!.Ě/ŏ.!(!2*0ŏ3+.'ŏ!4,!.%!*!ċŏ4,!.%!*!ŏ%*ŏ+ŏ/$((ŏ!ŏ*ŏ ! ŏ 2*0#!ċ
Price(per Kes 100.00)
+ŏ
,,(5č
*0!.!/0! ŏ * % 0!/ŏ "+.ŏ 0$%/ŏ ,+/%0%+*ŏ /$+1( ŏ .+,ŏ 0$!%.ŏ ,,(%0%+*ŏ 0ŏ
%.,+.0/ŏ +ŏ 0 ŏ +þ!/ŏ +,,+/%0!ŏ !*5ŏ Coupon Rates (%) FXD1/2010/15 -10.250 % p.a & FXD2/2013/15 -12.000 % p.a

%.,+.0/ŏ
10$+.%05ŏĨċ
ċ
ĩŏ! -1.0!./Čŏċ
ċ
ċŏ%.!ŏ.%*%*#ŏ$++(ŏċ$!ŏ!*2!(+,!ŏ)1/0ŏ%*(1 !Čŏŏ+2!.ŏ(!00!.Čŏ1, 0! ŏ
.!/1)!Čŏ ŏ &+ŏ ,,(%0%+*ŏ "+.)ŏ +3*(+ ! ŏ ".+)ŏ +1.ŏ 3!/%0!ŏ Ĩ333ċ%.,+.0//+ċ+ċ'!ĩŏŏ Čŏ  !)%ŏ !.0%ü0!/ŏ * ŏ
0!/0%)+*%(/ŏ-1+0%*#ŏ0$!ŏ
+ŏ0%0(!ŏ+*ŏ0$!ŏ(!00!.ŏ* ŏ!*2!(+,!Čŏ5ŏāą0$ŏŏ .$ŏĂĀāĉČŏ .!//! ŏ0+č
John K. Birech
Ag.Director, Financial Markets
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ċċŏ+4ŏāĊĀĀāġĀĀĆĀāČŏ%.+%Čŏ!*5
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26 February 2018
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PUBLIC AUCTION
Under instructions received from the CHARGEE, we shall sell by Public Auction the
PUBLIC AUCTION under mentioned properties
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ŏ ŏ0$0ŏ0$!ŏ"+((+3%*#ŏ/1%0ŏ$/ŏ!!*ŏü(! ŏ$((!*#%*#ŏ0$!ŏ &1 %0%+*ŏ* ŏ
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these are not warranted by the auctioneers.
2. A deposit of 25% must be paid in form of banker`s cheque at the fall of the hammer.
The balance will be payable within Ninety days to the chargees. $/8./<=
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4. The sale of the properties is subject to a reserve price and Land Control Board V9?8>C
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ŏŏ ŏ IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT NAIROBI MILIMANI
0$0ŏ*5+ 5ŏ3$+ŏ"!!(/ŏ0$0ŏ$!ŏ+.ŏ/$!ŏ%/ŏ(%'!(5ŏ0+ŏ!ŏû!0! ŏ5ŏ0$!ŏ)00!.ŏ%/ŏ$!.!5ŏ ENVIRONMENT AND LAND COURT
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JOEL MULINGE MALOMBE ………..............................................................PLAINTIFF/APPLICANT
"ŏ*5ŏ.05ŏ3%0$ŏ*ŏ%*0!.!/0ŏ +!/ŏ*+0ŏ&+%*ŏ%*ŏ0$!ŏ)00!.ŏ0$!ŏ+1.0ŏ3%((ŏ,.+!! ŏ* ŏ VERSUS
ROBERTSON MUMENYA WAMBUGU ………....................…….… 1ST DEFENDANT/RESPONDENT
$!.ŏ* ŏ !0!.)%*!ŏ0$!ŏ)00!.ŏ3%0$+10ŏ*5ŏ.!"!.!*!ŏ0+ŏ$%)ŏ+.ŏ$!.ŏ* ŏ0ŏ0$!ŏ.%/'ŏ+"ŏ
LAND REGISTRAR THIKA DISTRICT
(+/%*#ŏ0$!ŏ%*0!.!/0 LAND REGISTRY……………………..………..……....................……...…2ND DEFENDANT/
RESPONDENT NAIROBI TEACHERS HOUSING CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LIMITED

ŏ0ŏ%.+%ŏ0$%/ŏāĊ0$ŏ 5ŏ+"ŏ!.1.5ŏĂĀāĉċ NATIONAL LAND COMMISSION..…………..…....................………3RD DEFENDANT/RESPONDENT P.o Box 11647-00400. Nairobi


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ŏĒŏ

 SUBSTITUTED SERVICE BY ADVERTISEMENT Tel 0721913057/ 0733285662


ŏŏŏ   (Pursuant to an order made by the Court and issued on 5th December, 2017) Email: nthcs.ltd@gmail.com
To, ROBERTSON MUMENYA WAMBUGU Web: www.nthcs-ltd.org

ŏĒŏ ŏčġ TAKE NOTICE THAT a Notice of Motion dated 21st July, 2016 and filed by ourselves on behalf of JOEL PRIME PLOTS FOR SALE


ŏ


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ŏ  Čŏ MULINGE MALOMBE which you are named as the 1st Defendant/Respondent shall be heard on 26th
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Č April, 2018 at 9.00 O’clock in the forenoon and service of the Hearing Notice has been ordered by The Society is proud to advertise the following Prime plots for sale:
ŏĀŏŏĂćĆĉćġĀĀāĀĀČŏ
 ċ means of this advertisement. 1. Mai-Mahiu Phase 20
A copy of the said order, the Plaint, Summons, the Application and the supporting documents may be • Location, along Narok - Mai Mahiu road 4 km from Mai Mahiu town and 3 km to the
obtained from the Court Registry of the Environment and Land Court Division at Nairobi or from the proposed SGR Substation, Karima area
Plaintiff’s advocates offices located at the address given hereunder. • Size 50X100ft (1/8Acre) each.
Trishul Towers, • Price: Ksh 305,000 for members
FURTHER TAKE NOTICE that in default of entering an appearance and attendance on the said date and
2nd Floor, Suite No10, Ksh 355,000 Non-members
Muranga Road, Ngara. time the court may proceed with the hearing of the said Notice of Motion exparte and such orders may • Title deeds: Are Free hold and the price is inclusive of the Title deeds.
P.O. Box 75185 00200, NAIROBI, KENYA be made as the Court may find just. • Other features: Electricity within reach, marram soil
Cell: 0722530515 / 0792824665 Dated at Nairobi this 22nd day of February 2018. • Viewing: All those interested (both members and non-members) are invited to view
Email: immediateauctioneers@gmail.com KINYUA NJAGI & CO. the plots on Saturday 3rd March 2018. All those interested should board matatu to
ADVOCATES FOR THE PLAINTIFF/APPLICANT. Mai Mahiu at Nyamakima stage, Nairobi. Alight at Mai Mahiu town and assemble at
DRAWN & FILED BY: Old Narok Stage at 10.00am.
KINYUA NJAGI & CO. ADVOCATES
PUBLIC AUCTION NGINYO TOWERS SUB BASEMENT FLOOR info@kinyuanjagiadvocates.com 2. Kipeto phase 19
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REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND LAND COURT AT KAJIADO
ELC PETITION NUMBER 12 OF 2017
(FORMERLY MACHAKOS HCC 121 OF 2011)

PARSALOI MEIKOKI & OTHERS ……………………………………........….. PETITIONERS

VERSUS %$)
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THE COMMISSIONER OF LANDS ………………………….………........1ST RESPONDENT %$)
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THE HON. ATTORNEY GENERAL ……………………………................2ND RESPONDENT 

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KAJIADO DISTRICT SURVEYOR …………………………….................3RD RESPONDENT
KAJIADO DISTRICT LAND ADJUDICATION OFFICER…....…….........4TH RESPONDENT
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AND
NKANUNA OLE LEMORORA, DANIEL NKAYIA OLE MUSENYA, MATIPEI OLE NTEETU, 
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MOSES MOOKE LOONYSATI OLOLOUSA, FRANCIS MANTA SIKINAN, NTUMUNA (O

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OLE KOLEI NKOYKO, ADAM WHITEY ……………INTERESTED PARTIES
NOTICE
(PURSUANT TO THE COURT ORDERS ISSUED ON THE 31/01/2018)
NOTICE is hereby given that a petition has been filed in the environment and land court
at Kajiado in Petition Number 12 of 2017 in which the Petitioners seek orders to wit, that a
declaration that the Petitioners are entitled to repossession of all that land comprised in KJD/
OLKIRAMATIAN/6,7,10,11,12,21,22,23,24,25 by virtue of their native/customary title to the suit
land, that the title to the suit land held by the interested parties is null and void ab initio, that any
purported transfer was obtained fraudulently and the titles held by the Interested Parties ought
to be cancelled.
Copies of the petition and pleadings may be obtained from the Environment and land Court at
Kajiado or from the undersigned Advocates offices.
Take further notice that following a Chamber Summons Application dated 17th May 2011, the
court on 18th may 2011 granted conservatory orders to the effect that pending the hearing and
determination of the petition, Prohibiting the Respondents and the interested parties whether
by themselves, their employees, servants or agents or anybody otherwise howsoever from
interfering with the parcels of land known as Kajiado/Olkiramatian/6/7/10/11/12/21/22/23/24
*#%*#ŏ%.!0+.Č
and 25, and from further interfering with the existing registered particulars of proprietorship of
the parcels of land known as Kajiado/Olkiramatian/6/7/10/11/12/21/22/23/24/ and 25 or over any
part or portion of land allegedly excised or to be excised or set apart and or subdivided from the
same howsoever subsequently described and or registered initially.
And further take notice that the aforesaid orders are still in place and any interested person who
wishes to make any representation in connection with or objection to the petition may apply to be
enjoined in the case within 21 days from the date of this publication and unless such interested
persons make the application for enjoinment within twenty one (21) days from the date of this
publication the case will be heard and the court will issue orders as it may deem fit their absence
.$ŏ ĂĀāĉŏ 0ŏ āāċĀĀ)ċŏ !#%/0.0%+*ŏ 
notwithstanding.
DATED AT NAIROBI THIS 21ST DAY OF FEBRUARY 2018.
LETANGULE & CO. ADVOCATES FOR THE PETITIONERS
DRAWN BY:
Letangule & Co. Advocates
4 Avenue Towers, 4th Ngong Avenue, 15th Floor
th
P.O. Box 1564-00100, NAIROBI.
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PUBLIC NOTICE
PHYSICAL PLANNING ACT 1996 (CAP 286)
CHANGE OF USER
The owner of Parcel Kajiado/Kaputiei North
No. 5638intends change of use from
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BEWFSUJTFNFOU Flat subject to approval by the County
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to the Proposal are requested to forward
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them in writing within fourteen days (14) of
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The County Secretary,
County Government of Kajiado,
Physical Planning Department,
P.O. Box 11-01100, KAJIADO
NAIROBI & THE REGISTERED LAND ACT
No.3 OF 2012 SECTION 33
UPCOUNTRY ISSUE OF A NEW LAND
CERTIFICATE
REPUBLIC OF KENYA WHEREAS NGUTYALET ARAP MARITIM
IN THE CHIEF MAGISTRATE’S
PERSONAL NOTICES COURT AT THIKA
OF P.O BOX 41, MOI UNIVERSITY, is the
proprietor in absolute ownership of all that
CIVIL SUIT NO. 596 OF 2016 piece of land containing approximately 5.6
KELVIN NDIRANGU WANJIRU...PLAINTIFF Ha, or thereabout registered as NANDI/
A109 Lost VERSUS NDUBENETI/169 situated in Nandi
DAVID NDUNGU GITHUKU...DEFENDANT County and whereas sufficient evidence
to show that the title deed issued earlier
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(ORDER 5, RULE 17) (60) days from the date hereof,unless I
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.XJUIJHB TAKE NOTICE that a plaint has been filed period, the title deed issued earlier shall
8BJIFOZB in the Chief Magistrate’s Court at Thika, be deemed to have been cancelled and
being Civil Case No. 596 of 2016, in which of no effect..
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 you are named as the defendant. Service Dated: 26th February, 2018.
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by means of this advertisement. A copy Land Registrar, NANDI
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Passport No.  ŏ 
PUBLIC NOTICE
AB 716342

Issued to DEVOTHA BALISIMA PHYSICAL PLANNING ACT (CAP 286)

SHIGELA in 2015 Dar es Salaam CHANGE OF USER
TANZANIA.
The owner of plot No. KISUMU/AGORO
WEST/185 located within Katito, Kisumu
A116 Marriage County proposes to change the user
from Agricultural to Commercial (Resort

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Government of Kisumu. Individuals,
LOVE: SERIOUS singles 0722219480 institutions etc with comments /objections
to the proposal are requested to forward
STABLE lonely women 0717670050 them in writing within fourteen days of this
$%/ŏ%/ŏ0+ŏ*+0%"5ŏ0$!ŏ,1(%ŏ0$0ŏ notice to:
PERSONAL SERVICES
1/0%*!ŏ
*5*#+ŏ 1)%ŏ+"ŏ ŏ
+ċŏ ĂąĉąāĀąĈŏ %/ŏ 0$!ŏ 1. %*ŏ
The County Secretary, Kisumu County
P. O. BOX 2738 - 40100, Kisumu.
+"ŏ .%*ŏ  1%ŏ *6(ŏ
A167 Acupuncture 3$+/!ŏ ,$+0+ŏ %/ŏ 00$! ŏ MEDICAL APPEAL
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A230 Health +1.0ŏ /$((ŏ ,.+!! ŏ * ŏ +û!.ŏ
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7JNBY
1JMMT MAGISTRATE’S COURT AT SIAKAGO
CIVIL CASE NO. 69 OF 2012 My name is Claire Muthoni Thuo aged 4yrs. I
0772970233 maxman, handsome up underwent a bone marrow transplant 5 months
SIMON NGIRI NJIRU...................................... ago and producing normal cells for the treatment
A265 Medical ................................PLAINTIFF/APPLICANT of leukemia at Apollo Ahmedabad in India. The
VERSUS challenge I have is recurrent infections that

SWS CLINIC
NDICHU STEPHEN................................... has increased my hospital stay thus a high
..................DEFENDANT/RESPONDENT medical bill. So far 10.7m has been settled and
an estimated cost of 5M is required. I am re-
HEARING NOTICE appealing to well-wishers to help my parents in
SLIM DOWN raising the pending medical bill through M-pesa
TO: NDICHU STEPHEN paybill no.759616, or Equity Bank Kenyatta
SWIFTLY avenue branch, acc. name Claire Muthoni
Medical Fund, Account No. 1290173133950,
AND TAKE NOTICE that Notice of Motion
dated 29th March 2017 has been filed in M-pesa no 0792876416. God bless you
SAFELY the Senior Resident Magistrate’s Court
at Siakago in Civil Suit No. 69 of 2012
0734-290686
in which you are named as Defendant/
Respondent. Service of the said Notice
COMMERCIAL
0725-786247 of Motion has been ordered by means of
this advertisement. A copy of the Notice
0737-538811 of Motion may be obtained from the B457 Bar Codes
Plaintiff’s Advocate’s Office.
0717-860771 #"3$0%&
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TAKE FURTHER NOTICE that the said 


8.00 AM TO 5.00 PM Notice of Motion is scheduled for hearing PS
XXXCHTFBTUBGSJDBDPN
OPEN ON SATURDAYS & LUNCH HOURS on 19th April 2018 at 9.00 a.m. and if you
do not attend, the case will proceed your
absence notwithstanding. B469 Business Offers
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 Dated at Kerugoya this 23rd day of BUSINESS partner wanted in
February 2018. wholesale n supermarket business
A279 Notices _____________________________ 0722601748
WANGECHI MUNENE & CO.
ADVOCATES
PUBLIC NOTICE (FOR THE PLAINTIFF) B476 Business Opportunities
(PHYSICAL PLANNING ACT CAP 286)
DRAWN AND FILED BY:-
RENEWAL OF LEASE WANGECHI MUNENE & CO.
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The registered owner(s) of plot L.R NO
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- Muranga road in Ngara Area is seeking UNION #6: 4FMM
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for renewal of Lease subject to approval KIRICOP HOUSE 3RD FLOOR ROOM 

by Nairobi City County, individuals, NO. 3:19
institutions, Organizations etc with KERUGOYA. EARN 5% pm with a reg.loan &
objections or comments to the proposal investment society 0716500550
are requested to forward the same in JANE WANGECHI MUNENE
writing within Fourteen (14) days of P105/5153/03 */7&45

FBSO
XXXQFTBWBVMUDPLF
publication of this notice to, LSK/2017/7648
County Secretary, Nairobi City County 1301&35:
NBOBHFNFOU
BHFOU
P.O.Box 20076 NAIROBI


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 MATERNAL HEALTH MEDICAL CLINIC

Medical interventions Dear Doc, can I have a

during birth are often safe pregnancy while
unnecessary P. 6 diabetic? P. 7

at the heart of the story

NOT FOR SALE. FREE WITH YOUR DAILY NATION. No. 065 February 27, 2018

H I V/A I D S

Young, positive, loved

G R O W I N G U P & N AV I G AT I N G L I F E A N D L O V E W H I L E H I V - P O S I T I V E

P.4&5
2 | Healthy Nation views Tuesday February 27, 2018 | DAILY NATION

BRIEFLY We have had several cases of BRIEFLY

health
HOW CARPETS ARE
MAKING KENYANS SICK
YOUR CARPET could be making you sick.
According to a study by Dr Olga Mashendi, a
research officer at the Kenya Medical Research In-
stitute, popular PVC carpets that are not changed,
or at least aired weekly, harbour dampness and
fungi that exacerbate allergic reactions and respi-
ratory problems. “Exposure to dampness or fungi
is associated with the development of asthma and
increased asthma morbidity,” Dr Mashendi warned
while presenting her findings during the recent
8th KEMRI Annual Scientific and Health Confer-
ence in Nairobi. The research done in 60 house-
holds in Busia found that Kenyans are exposed
to indoor fungi that is associated with asthma,
sinusitis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The
researchers collected swabs from household sur-
faces, tested air and water, and had respondents
fill in a comprehensive questionnaire to determine
the risk factors associated with indoor fungi. The
results were astounding: Researchers collected
79 per cent of fungi of a species associated with
itchy eyes and allergies. They also found a signifi-
cant association between mould and respiratory
problems in members of households. To prevent
allergies and upper respiratory infections in urban
dwellers, Dr Mashedi recommends monitoring
of fungi in homes and applying interventions to
reduce fungi exposure. Angela Oketch
people presenting their relatives, fertility
especially those having medical LAB-GROWN OVA COULD
problems, as their spouses. RESTORE LOST FERTILITY
This is a measure to prevent GIRLS AND WOMEN who suffer premature
fertility loss due to treatments such as
possible fraud. National chemotherapy, have reason to smile because
scientists have made progress in extracting
Hospital Insurance Fund human egg cells from ovary tissue at the
earliest stage of development and growing
CEO Geoffrey Mwangi on them to the point where they are ready
for fertilisation, in the lab. This raises the
measures to ensure that only possibility for such women to get pregnant
from ova grown in the lab, without having to
bonafide spouses are re-implant extracted ovarian tissue as was the
case before. Currently, to preserve fertility,
added as ovarian tissue is taken before treatment and
frozen for later implantation.
beneficiaries The risk in this is that cancer cells can
be reintroduced in the process. In this new
study published in the journal Molecular
Human Reproduction, scientists took ovarian
tissue from 10 women in their late twenties
to thirties and used it to develop an egg
to full maturity in the lab. Of the 48 eggs
that reached the last step, nine reached full
We must take bold This is a crisis that has maturity.
steps to save our been escalating. We’re One downside that was that eggs
forests and preserve keen to escalate our developed faster than they would in the body
and while a small cell known as a polar body
our water towers. The interventions through is ejected in the final stage when the number
devastating impact direct cash transfers, of chromosomes is halved, it was found to
of climate change is health and nutrition be unusually large in this case, which might
suggest abnormal development.
increasingly being outreach, rehabilitation Therefore, further research is needed to
experienced through of key communal confirm the health and function of the eggs.
extreme weather watering points, food After that the researchers will seek regulatory
approval to fertilise the eggs and test the
conditions. Kareke distribution, as well as animal offtake embryos produced. Thus it will take a while
Mbiuki, chair of the parliamentary and slaughter. Kenya Red Cross before this research leads to new fertility
committee on environment, while Secretary General Abbas Gullet while treatments. Adrams Mulama
calling for a total ban on logging appealing for funds to tackle drought

Noise-induced hearing loss

www.nation.co.ke/
healthynation #hearingloss
@DailyNation

Regular or prolonged noise exposure can cause gradual, irreversible damage Compiled by:
to sensory cells, leading to permanent hearing loss. 360m Felista Wangari
15% people in the 1.1bn Source:
Risk of losing hearing of world’s adult world live with young people (12– Ministry of
population suffers disabling hearing Health,
depends on: 35 yrs) in the world
loss World
How loud (volume)
from mild are at risk of hearing Health
How long (duration)
hearing loss loss due to loud Organisation
How often (frequency) you sounds Graphic:
are exposed to loud sounds Michael Mosota
@micnyams

Not safe:
Loud sound on music players
Noisy nightclubs, bars,
concerts, sports events
Traffic Safe sound habits (prevent noise-induced hearing loss):
Noisy workplace or home Keep volume Wear Use noise- Limit daily Give Get regular
down (no earplugs in cancellation use of audio your ears hearing
Signs of hearing loss more than noisy bars, earphones devices (not listening checkups
Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) 85 dB for no sports events, in noisy more than breaks away Limit visits
Difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds (birds more than 8 concerts, environments an hour) from noise to noisy
singing, doorbells, phone ringing, alarm clock) hours) clubs places
Difficulty understanding speech over the
phone Ticking watch: 20 decibels (dB) - safe Safe/unsafe sounds:
Difficulty following conversations in noisy Soft whisper: 30 dB - safe
restaurants, markets, social gatherings Humming fridge: 40 dB - safe
Heavy city traffic: 85 dB (maximum daily sound allowance)
Of Kenyans Motorcycle: 95 dB (harmful under extended exposure)
registered as 7% deaf MP3 player at maximum volume: 105 dB - unsafe
persons with and can’t
5% 0.5% Shouting into the ear: 110 dB - unsafe
disability talk deaf but can Bar, nightclub: 112 dB - unsafe
hearing
disability talk Vuvuzela/ sirens: 120 dB Jet plane 30 metres away: 130 dB - unsafe

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Tom Mshindi EXECUTIVE EDITOR, PRINT: Mutuma Mathiu HEALTH & SCIENCE EDITOR: Bernard
Mwinzi SUB-EDITOR: Felista Wangari PHOTO EDITOR: Joan Pereruan CHIEF GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Andrew Anini
DEPUTY CHIEF GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Michael Mosota GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Benjamin Situma REPORTERS: Elizabeth
Merab, Eunice Omollo, Adrams Mulama, Aggrey Omboki COVER DESIGN: Michael Mosota
magazine is published weekly by Nation Media Group Limited and distributed
In partnership with free with the Daily Nation. Unsolicited manuscripts, artwork, transparencies are
the Bill & Melinda
Gates Foundation submitted at sender’s risk. While every care is taken on receipt of such material, NMG Ltd cannot accept
responsibility for accidental loss or damage. ©Nation Media Group Limited, 2016. All rights reserved.
DAILY NATION | Tuesday February 27, 2018
views Healthy Nation | 3

Young people weighed down by TB face unique challenges

BY ADRAMS MULAMA
amulama@ke.nationmedia.com
Young adults aged 20 to 24 years are at the
greatest risk of developing infectious tuber-
culosis, according to new research published
in the European Respiratory Journal. Further,
an estimated 1.8 million youth aged 10 to 24
years get infected with TB every year.
Previously, attempts to tackle TB in young
people have been limited, since the scale of
the problem was largely unknown. Previous
estimates categorised those aged up to 14
years as children and anyone aged 15 years
and over as adults, resulting in a gap in
understanding the scale of the tuberculosis
burden.
“We know from previous studies that TB
risk goes up during adolescence and that
young people have unique treatment needs,
but until now there have been no estimates of
the total number of adolescents who develop
TB,” said Kathryn Snow, the lead author of
the study.
To estimate the global incidence of TB
among young people as a group, the team
A health worker
tests a patient
for tuberculosis.
FILE | NATION
separated existing data into three age bands:
10 to 14 years, 15 to 19 years and 20 to 24
years. The data came from the World Health
Organisation (WHO) global TB database for
2012. The researchers fleshed out TB surveil-
lance statistics from Brazil, Indonesia, South
Africa, Romania and Estonia. These countries
provide a wide view of global spread of TB
epidemics of different types and severity.
The researchers found that an estimated 1.05
million 20- to 24-year-olds, 535,000 15- to
19-year-olds, and 192,000 10-to 14-year-olds
developed active TB in 2012, totaling 1.8 mil-
lion new TB cases.
South Asia had the highest number of new
cases at 721,000 among 10- to 24-year-olds,
followed by sub-Saharan Africa with 534,000
new cases of TB in this age group. According
to Snow, many countries in South Asia and
Africa have high rates of TB as well as large
populations of young people, which explains
why these regions have the highest burden
of TB in young people. The higher risk in ado-
lescence was attributed to a mix of biological
and social factors.
The researchers acknowledged that a lack
of high-quality data from some countries may
affect the quality of the estimates, and they
plan to revise these estimates with greater
certainty as better data becomes available.
TB is an infectious disease that is spread by
inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes
of someone with the disease. Those who
become sick often develop a serious cough,
fever and weight loss. TB can be treated with
antibiotics, but without treatment it is often
fatal. Previous studies have shown that the
higher risk of contracting tuberculosis while
young and the unique challenges of treating
it hinders young people’s ability to study, find
work or care for families. The authors recom-
mend that health programmes should con-
sider the special needs of young people with
TB, which include continuing their education,
keeping jobs, and meeting family responsi-
bilities. These needs can be met by allowing
young people to attend appointments at flex-
ible times, and by protecting young people’s
privacy so that they are not discriminated
against at school or at work.
“We already know that TB affects young
workers most frequently, but until now the
number of young people affected each year
was unclear. The scale of the TB burden
requires significant investment in communica-
tion to remove the stigma of diagnosis and
to prevent delayed diagnosis. We must also
work on developing different ways of deliver-
ing treatment, so that the impact on patients’
work lives can be reduced,” said Professor
Graham Bothamley, the head of the European
Respiratory Society’s Respiratory Infections
Assembly. “TB is still a major health concern
and remains one of the top ten causes of
death worldwide, despite being preventable
and treatable,” he added.

GUEST COMMENTARY

Parents of children
with cerebral palsy
need more support
BY DR NELLY BOSIRE him understood him completely. He wore
nbosire1@gmail.com his heart on his sleeve and by exposing his

W
hen I was a child, Chris* was the
undisputed VIP in our little local Seventh
Day Adventist church.
Those with cars took turns to pick Chris
from home to take him to church, and
he sat at the front pew in full view of the
entire congregation. Whenever he missed
WE MUST church, the congregation expected an ex-
ALSO MAKE planation.
Why was Chris so special? Chris was
PEACE WITH born with cerebral palsy. That in itself was
THE FACT not special, but how his mother raised him
made all the difference.
THAT THERE She gave Chris a full life. She did not
IS A LOT hide him at home as most mothers would,
THAT WE but chose to let him enjoy the world to the
fullest. She loved Chris unconditionally
MAY NOT and that rubbed off on all of us.
BE ABLE TO Chris was the firstborn and his siblings
grew to accept him, care for him, love him
CONTROL.” and take pride in him.
Chris spent his 25 years on a wheel-
chair, wearing nappies (diapers were still
unheard of in our part of the world) and
never had a single pressure sore.
He would never weigh more than 20 kil-
ogrammes, but he was well fed and mostly
healthy, free from common ailments that
distress most cerebral palsy babies.
Growing up amidst such love was re-
flected in Chris’ temperament. He loved
dearly, his face lighting up with a big smile
when his favourite people walked into the
room.
He never learnt to talk but those close to
vulnerability, we all learnt great lessons in
unconditional love.
Like many of his counterparts, Chris
struggled with muscle spasms and con-
tractures, feeding difficulties, intellectual
limitations, inability to control bladder
and bowel movements, slowed growth and
drooling, but he was spared from dealing
with convulsions and respiratory complica-
tions. He may have lived for only a quarter
of a century but it was a full life.
Raising a baby with cerebral palsy is no
walk in the park. Early infancy is charac-
terised by numerous hospital visits as a
result of one complication or the other.
These babies are also prone to needing
critical care repeatedly, costing huge sums
of money.
Those with severe gastro-intestinal
system complications may require com-
plicated interventions to support their
nutrition such as gastrostomy feeding
tubes that can be quite intimidating to the
caregivers.
The day to day care of these babies can
be so demanding that it is virtually impos-
sible to keep a regular nanny. Mothers are
frustrated into quitting their jobs to care
for their baby fulltime.
It therefore makes sense why all the
frustration would drive parents to need to
blame someone. For a long time, it was as-
sumed that cerebral palsy was a result of
neglected labour, with the unborn foetus
suffering assault to the brain during labour
from inadequate oxygen supply.
For this reason, healthcare workers have
often been blamed for poor outcomes
and borne the brunt of litigation. Cer-
ebral palsy is one of the leading causes of
medical litigation in the world, making the
practice of obstetrics and midwifery quite
dicey.
However, research is now proving that
injury to the brain resulting in cerebral
palsy seems to occur mostly in the ante-
natal period as the baby is developing in
the womb. This accounts for over 80 per
cent of cerebral palsy cases.
This injury is a result of abnormal genes,
intra-uterine infections, congenital malfor-
mations and multiple pregnancy (twins,
triplets).
The remaining 20 per cent results from
complications around birth such as birth
asphyxia; and after delivery such as in-
tracranial haemorrhage, complications of
prematurity, trauma, infections and ker-
nicterus. For a good number of cases, the
cause remains obscure.
Despite massive advances in obstetric
care, the so-called First World countries
that have reliable documentation note that
the incidence of cerebral palsy has still not
gone down in the last 40 years.
This means that as we continue to un-
derstand the condition, we must also make
peace with the fact that there is a lot we
may still not be able to control.
This means that we must strengthen the
care systems. All babies with cerebral palsy
must be able to access the best possible
medical care available to minimise morbid-
ity. This is one condition that we must root
for to ensure the national hospital insur-
ance fund covers for cost of care to relieve
the families of financial agony.
Social support systems are necessary for
these babies and their parents/caregivers.
The Cerebral Palsy Society of Kenya is one
such institution that must be applauded
for the work they do.
In addition, hospital based counsellors
must be made available by institutions car-
ing for these little ones to provide timely,
factual information to families.
As families taking care of these lit-
tle ones, the burden is heavy, taking a
physical, emotional and financial toll that
cannot be quantified.
However, in the middle of it all, let us
not forget to celebrate the little things that
count. When Chris finally left us, he was
mourned far and wide. It was amazing how
many lives he had touched in his vulner-
ability.
As a mum or dad to a baby with cerebral
palsy, find the ray of light in your little one
and nurture it; it will tide you over during
the tough times.
People around you will treat your little
angel based on how you treat them your-
self. Be a positive force and it will surely
radiate to those around you to make your
baby’s days count!
* Name changed to protect privacy.
4 | Healthy Nation
INFECTED >> BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS SUCH AS AGE OF SEXUAL DEBUT AS WELL AS USE OF CONDOMS, OR LACK THEREOF, ARE A FACTOR IN V
Kilifi is BY EUNICE OMOLLO
@omollo_eunice
one of the eaomollo@ke.nationmedia.com
counties
E
with the
highest
HIV burden arth must have adopted another
among
young
sun, hotter than itself. And it dwells in
Kilifi.
“Highs of 32 or so the radio forecasted,”
people. We Mohammed Ali says, seemingly reading
my mind.
take a look At their home in Mabirikani in Kilifi
at the lives Township, he ushers us into a stone house
that is half-thatched and half iron sheet
of youth who
were born
roof. His grandmother is grating coconut
on a mbuzi (coconut grater).
with the “Meet my grandmother. She feeds me
well. I am her provider, her housemate …
virus technically her husband,” 23-year-old Ali
says roaring with laughter.
“She refused to wait for me and hurried
to marry my late grandfather,” he contin-
ues and slides into a well-worn couch next
to his grandmother, his shoulders heaving
from laughter.
His grandmother is laughing too. She
has tears on the corners of her wrinkled
eyes. She is trying to stop, but the laughter
has its way with her. Then she stops sud-
denly.
“Silly boy, go talk to your friends. I’m
preparing your favourite meal for dinner:
Cow peas in coconut sauce with white
rice,” she waves us off.
Once out of earshot, Ali says: “I have a
girlfriend. She will soon be meeting my
grandmother. I love her. She loves me …
(pauses) I never knew I would find love. I
was born HIV-positive. She knows it. I am
COMMENTS HIV-positive and I’m loved!”
Go to this link Ali carries two plastic chairs away from
to join the the scorching house, and places them
debate and to under the shade of a tree next to his brick
see views from house that is still under construction.
other readers: “I was seven years old when I started
taking medication, but I did not know why
www.nation.co.ke
I was taking them, nor did I know when
cover story Tuesday February 27, 2018 | DAILY NATION D
I did n
choose H
the vir
chose m
I would stop. I was put on medication
after my mum fell ill. She was very ill. She
tested positive then,” Ali recalls.
When his parents died, he moved from
Msambweni to Mabirikani to live with his
1 in 5
maternal grandmother.
“I was in a support group for children
at the hospital where they told us never youth aged 15-24 yrs
to skip a dose. They told us we’d take
medicine for life, and that if we didn’t
follow the doctor’s instructions we
had sex before
turning 15 20%
young people
young
Kenyans lil
Kenyans
with HIV
with
people aged
HIV aa
aged 15
15 to
t
would fall sick, very sick.
“When I turned 13, I went to hospital
for a HIV test. That’s when I found out
I was positive.”
Ali took the news in his stride, and
now volunteers as a youth counsellor for
a programmed run by the National Aids 49% girls, 4% 2%
Control Council at the Kilifi County Refer-
ral Hospital. The
58% boys prevalence of prevalence oo
prevalence
“It is tough (for boys) at adolescence. realisation have comprehensive
HIV among girls among bo
among bo
You desire to be with a woman – It is in- of her status knowledge about
HIV/Aids aged 15-24 aged
aged 15-2
15-2
evitable. But you have to use protection. came as a shocker years years
years
You know, use condoms. Unlike us, those to Sidi, and with it she
without the virus can choose not to have felt her adolescence float
GRAPHIC:
GRAPHIC:MICHAEL
MICHAELMOSOTA
MOSOTA
it. I love my girlfriend and I will always away.
protect her from getting the virus from “Some of my friends
me,” he says. had boyfriends and some even high school is an all familiar story for Legal and Et
Behavioural factors such as age of sexual kissed. I felt left out of the ‘fun’ children living with HIV in schools and and Aids (KE
debut as well as use of condoms, or lack my peers were having. There was also even at home. when he filed
thereof, are a factor in vulnerability to stigmatisation when I went to high school. Last year, President Uhuru Kenyatta di- government
HIV infection. According to the Kenya Some students made fun of me for taking rected county commissioners and the min- in 2015.
Demographic Health Survey of 2014, 55 per medication every day. I could feel their istries of health, education and interior to The lawye
cent of men and nine per cent of women eyes piercing through me. I was different. I collect up-to-date data and prepare a report contrary to t
reported having had first sex before the couldn’t even share a plate with anyone. No on all children living HIV/Aids. Control Act,
age of 15. one wanted my utensils near theirs. Being They were also asked to collect informa- names of tho
Ali beckons us for a walk to the Kilifi positive was such a huge burden to bear.” tion on the children’s guardians and HIV- confidential.
County Referral Hospital, where he volun- Sidi came out of the other end all right, positive pregnant and breastfeeding moth- “Some of o
teers as a peer educator at the Youth Cen- and went on to become a high school ers. The move was flagged as illegal by civil and discrimi
tre. He introduces us to 26-year-old Sidi*, teacher. This has come in handy in her society groups, who saw it as a platform been left und
a fellow peer educator. Just like Ali, Sidi work as a peer educator. for further stigmatisation of children in treated and n
was born HIV-positive. “I look young, and when I mingle with schools, who still face prejudice from their County HIV/
“My mum died when I was three. I strug- the youth, they disclose a lot to me. It is peers and teachers. him.
gled with tuberculosis for a very long time. a privilege. Some of my students come to “It is against the Constitution, which The challe
I was constantly in and out of hospitals. the clinic to get drugs and they find things guarantees that the state shall not discrimi- ficials is that
Then when I was 13, the doctor suggested easier knowing that I am here. They are nate against any person based on health information
that I take a HIV test. That’s when I found comfortable talking to someone who un- status. The directive is intended to lower caregivers la
out my status and started taking antiretro- derstands them,” she explains. the dignity of those living with the disease disclose the
viral medication. Sidi’s experience with stigmatisation in and cause them stigma,” said he Kenya that the kids
6 | Healthy Nation health Tuesday February 27, 2018 | DAILY NATION

HEALTH » WHO SOUNDS THE ALARM ON MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS DURING CHILDBIRTH

recommendations

WHO sounds
• Let women have a companion of choice
during labour and childbirth
• Ensure respectful care and good com-
munication between women and health
providers

the alarm on
• Maintain privacy and confidentiality
• Allow women to make decisions about pain
management
• Allow women to choose labour and birth

medicalised birth
positions and natural urge to push

BY ANGELA OKETCH Women, Children and Adolescents.

AOketch@ket.nationmedia.com “If labour is progressing normally,

T
he World Health Organisation
has warned doctors against giv-
ing oxytocin infusion to expectant
women to speed up labour.
The international agency said that
over the past 20 years, practitioners
have increased and misused inter-
ventions that were previously only
used to avoid risks or treat compli-
cations.
Oxytocin is a synthetic hormone,
which stimulates the uterus to
produce rhythmic contractions. As
pregnancy progresses, the uterine
muscle becomes increasingly sensi-
tive to the effects of the drug.
The WHO said that the drug was
majorly used in complicated cases
hence issuing new recommendations
to establish global care standards for
healthy pregnant women and reduce
unnecessary medical interventions.
“We want women to give birth
in a safe environment with skilled
birth attendants in well-equipped
COMMENTS facilities. However, the increasing
Go to this link medicalisation of normal child-
to join the birth processes are undermining
debate and to a woman’s own capability to give
see views from birth and negatively impacting her
other readers: birth experience,” says Dr Princess
www.nation.co.ke Nothemba Simelela, WHO Assist-
ant Director-General for Family,
and the woman and her baby are in
good condition, they do not need to
receive additional interventions to
accelerate labour,” she says.
Childbirth is a normal physiologi-
cal process that can be accomplished
without complications for the major-
ity of women and babies.
Worldwide, an estimated 140
million births take place every year.
Most of these occur without compli-
cations for women and their babies.
However, studies show a substan-
tial proportion of healthy pregnant
women undergo at least one clini-
cal intervention during labour and
birth. They are also often subjected
to needless and potentially harmful
routine interventions.
The new WHO guidelines include
56 evidence-based recommendations
on what care is needed throughout
labour and immediately after, for the
woman and her baby.
To reduce unnecessary medical
interventions, the WHO guideline
states that the previous benchmark
for cervical dilation rate at 1 cm/hr
during the active first stage of labour
may be unrealistic for some women
and is inaccurate in identifying
women at risk of adverse birth out-
comes. The guideline emphasises
that a slower cervical dilation rate
alone should not be a routine indi-
cation for intervention to accelerate
labour or expedite birth.
A section of pregnant women at the maternity of Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital waiting for their time to
give birth. Many women have stopped giving birth at home and they are visiting hospitals during their birth:
“Many women want a natural
birth and prefer to rely on their bod-
ies to give birth to their baby without
the aid of medical intervention,” says
Ian Askew, WHO Director, Depart-
ment of Reproductive Health and
Research.
He adds: “Even when a medical
intervention is wanted or needed,
the inclusion of women in making
decisions about the care they receive
is important to ensure that they
meet their goal of a positive child-
birth experience.”
Unnecessary labour interventions
are widespread in low-, middle- and
high-income settings, often putting
a strain on already scarce resources
in some countries, and further wid-
ening of the equity gap. As more
women give birth in health facilities
with skilled health professionals and
timely referrals, they deserve a bet-
ter quality of care. About 830 women
die from pregnancy- or childbirth-
related complications around the
world every day – the majority could
be prevented with high-quality care
in pregnancy and during childbirth.
“Health professionals should ad-
vise healthy pregnant women that
the duration of labour varies greatly
from one woman to another. While
most women want a natural labour
and birth, they also acknowledge
that birth can be an unpredictable
and risky event and that close moni-
toring and sometimes medical inter-
ventions may be necessary,” said Dr
Simelela
Dr Simelela said with or without
interventions, women usually wish
to retain a sense of personal achieve-
ment and control by being involved
in decision making, and by rooming
in with their baby after childbirth.
FILE | NATION
BRIEF
nutrition
LINK BETWEEN
MCHUZI MIX AND
CHRONIC PAIN
Preliminary research from
a small pilot study carried out
in Meru, shows a link between
chronic pain and consumption
of glutamate, a common flavour
enhancer. Results demonstrated
that when study participants cut
monosodium glutamate from their
diets, their symptoms improved.
The findings are published in
the journal Nutrition. Glutamate
consumption over-stimulates and
damages nerve cells. Increased
consumption of glutamate may
enhance chronic pain symptoms.

New rotavirus vaccine to cut child deaths
BY ANGELA OKETCH
AOketch@ke.nationmedia.com
Kenya will soon introduce a new rotavirus
vaccine after it was approval by the World
Health Organisation.
So far, there are two rotavirus vaccines
that can protect children from rotavirus:
Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines, which are
available internationally; and both vaccines
are considered safe and effective in
preventing gastrointestinal disease.
The new vaccine dubbed ROTAVAC will be
manufactured by Bharat Biotech, an Indian
pharmaceutical. The vaccine will help address
global shortages and expand access in more
countries.
The WHO Prequalification is necessary
for United Nation agencies and Gavi, the
Vaccine Alliance, to purchase the vaccine and
distribute it to the countries with the highest
burden of disease.
India has since introduced ROTAVAC into
its national immunisation programme, with
35 million doses delivered to date.
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe
diarrhoea among children under age five
years around the world, resulting in 215,000
deaths and two million hospitalisations.
Rotavirus is a virus that infects the
bowels, causing a severe inflammation of
the stomach and bowels (gastroenteritis).
Diarrhoea is an infection in the intestinal
tract, which can be caused by a variety of
bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms.
Infection can be spread through
contaminated food or drinking-water, or from
person-to-person as a result of poor hygiene.
It can be prevented by drinking clean
water, observing sanitation rules and washing
hands with soap.
Public health effort
One can be treated with a solution of
clean water, sugar and salt or with zinc
tablets. Vaccinations are also an important
part of global public health efforts to fight
waterborne diseases.
“We are highly honoured and delighted
to become the first rotavirus vaccine
manufacturer from the developing world.
The true impact of vaccines can be seen
when vaccinations are carried out in affected
populations,” said Dr Krishna Ella, Chairman
and Managing Director of Bharat Biotech.
Long process
The vaccine has been under development
since the year 2000 necessitating
investments of around USD 200 million
towards product development and dedicated
manufacturing infrastructure.
He said the vaccine has been supplied to
low-income countries at Sh100 a dose with
the feasibility for further 30 per cent price
reductions, based on the procurement of 100
million doses by the countries.
The vaccine was developed as a result of
a multi-country multi-partner collaborative
model of team science for over two decades.
“The novel partnership that developed
this vaccine serves as a useful model for
others to follow”, said Dr Roger Glass,
Director of the Fogarty International Center
at the US National Institutes of Health, who
helped shepherd the process.
“The result is an effective, yet economical,
vaccine that has the potential to save
thousands of children’s lives in Africa and
elsewhere.”
Dr Glass said that Rotavirus is
responsible for an estimated 36 per cent
of hospitalisations for childhood diarrhoea
around the world and for an estimated
200,000 deaths in low and middle-income
countries.
Diarrhoea is one of the top five leading
causes of deaths in children under the age of
five in Kenya.
Dr Walter Otieno, a paediatrician said
rotavirus was a contagious and fatal disease
that disproportionately strikes children in
Kenya and that the development of the
vaccine would bring down the number of
deaths.
“Since it is cheap, most of the households
would be able to afford it. When the vaccine
becomes widely available more so in Kenya,
it will help protect millions of the most
vulnerable children,” said Dr Otieno
According to the World Health
Organisation, more than 500,000 children
die each year from dehydration and
complications of rotavirus, particularly in
sub-Saharan Africa.
In Kenya, it is estimated that diarrhoea kills
about 5,000 children every year and up to 14
children in the country die from the disease
every day.
Top killer
According to the Kenya Demographic and
Health Survey of 2014, Twenty-four per cent
of children in Homa Bay and Vihiga suffered
from diarrhoea, an infection that the Ministry
of Health ranks high as a cause for children’s
mortality due to dehydration.
A child born in Nyanza is twice as likely to
die of diarrhoea before age five than a child
born in central Kenya.
Nyanza region has the highest mortality
rate of children under age five, with 84
deaths per 1,000 live births followed by
Nairobi ( 72 deaths per 1,000 live births)
and western Kenya 64 deaths per 1,000 live
births. Central Kenya records the lowest at 42
deaths per 1,000 births..
Glutamate is also a naturally occur-
ring chemical in some foods, like
soy sauce and parmesan cheese,
but is more commonly found as
a food additive. It is is added to
many processed foods under many
names including ‘monosodium
glutamate,’ ‘hydrolysed protein,’
‘protein isolate,’ ‘protein extract’
and ‘autolysed yeast extract.
In Kenya, people’s exposure to
glutamate is only from a few foods
which contain MSG, with the larg-
est exposure being from a mixed
seasoning spice called Mchuzi Mix,
which is typically used in cooking
daily. The goal was to test whether
a dietary intervention could
perform as well as or better than
over-the-counter medication in
relieving pain. With a sample size
of 30 participants, the research-
ers tested the effects of removing
MSG, increasing water intake, or
a combination of both, relative to
acetaminophen (the main treat-
ment option available in Meru).
Study participants experienced
chronic pain for at least three
months or more and in at least
three quadrants of the body.
N DAILY NATION | Tuesday February 27, 2018
cover story Healthy Nation | 5

OR IN VULNERABILITY TO HIV INFECTION; 55 PER CENT OF MEN AND NINE PER CENT OF WOMEN HAVE HAD FIRST SEX BEFORE THE AGE OF 15

d not
EUNICE OMOLLO |
NATION UP CLOSE & PERSONAL
Left: Mohammed

What youth want

Ali, 23, was born
HIV-positive and
only found out
about his status

to hear about the

at age 13. He

HIV,
talks about the
highs and lows of
growing up and

birds and the bees

navigating young
adulthood with the
virus.

Are youth well-informed on pro- these conversation?

virus
Right: Benson tection and safe sex? Benson: Wah! In an African setup?
Righa, 24, and Benson: There has been little I don’t think so. Parents should initiate
Jennifer Njoli, 27, communication about safe sexuality. the conversation ... Look, I have peers
peer educators The current focus is on fighting betting who first had sex at age 12. Parents
in Taita Taveta, and alcohol. But you can’t separate should just suck it up and have the talk
during one of their alcohol from sex ... some get intimate early enough. It’s okay to say: “Look,
sessions with other when they are high, and by then it is I don’t believe in sex before marriage,
youth.

e me
often too late to think about protection,
but if you ever decide to do it, please
and that could be why the rate of new protect yourself.” This is better than
infections is high among youth. leaving things to chance. We value our
Jennifer: The information is parents’ guidance and in most cases, we
available, but some of us choose to take it seriously.
ignore it because we think we know Jennifer: Luckily, my mum was bold
it all ... but come to think of it, thereenough to talk to us about this. She
isn’t much talk about youth using still tells us (imitating her mother’s
condoms. voice):”Guys, I know you do
these things, but I hope you
Why do you think this are protecting yourselves.”
is the case, and do you Peer This has helped me avoid
need this information? educators unplanned pregnancy and
Jennifer: Culture is a saved me from sexually
deterrent. We have grown
Benson transmitted infections.
up learning that young Righa, 24,
people shouldn’t use and Jennifer Are young people
condoms and that they more afraid of preg-
are all about promiscuity. Njoli, 27, nancy than HIV?
This makes it difficult for spoke to Jennifer: We view
a young person to access pregnancy as a very huge
them. Eunice burden. Some girls say HIV
Benson: Truth is Omollo on can be hidden and there
we need them. It is are drugs to manage it,
protect themselves from reinfection and
others from infection when they become not enough to preach condom but pregnancy? ... That is
sexually-active. high infection rates in Kilifi abstinence; we need to use and visible for all to see and it
hear about safe sex too. comes with its own stigma.
“The challenge is having the parents dis-
According to Kenya AIDS Progress Re-
what young Benson: It’s
close their status to the children. We also
need to train health workers to help them port (2016), Kilifi is one of four counties What misconceptions people want complicated, but women
help parents to disclose their status and that recorded over 1,000 new infections do young people have to hear are afraid of the burden
vice versa. among adolescents and young people. about condoms? of raising a child alone.
about it.
%
Kenyans living
Kenyans living Siaya, Kakamega and Taita Taveta coun- Benson: During one There are all these
“There are some children who have been
with HIV
with HIV are
are ties are the other three. of our sessions one girl misconceptions about
lied to that the ARVs they are taking are TB
shot up and said she condoms and the risk
aged 15
aged 15 to
to 24
24 yrs
yrs drugs and they wonder: ‘For how long I will According to Kenya Demographic Health cannot have a boy of catching HIV, so
be on this drugs? Survey (2014), 27 per cent of women break her virginity they take emergency
“And as they come across the informa- and 32 per cent of men who reported using a condom. She contraceptive pills to at
tion they start asking questions,” says having two or more sexual partners said she’d trust that the first least prevent pregnancy.
Ibrahim, adding that the integration of did not use a condom during their last person she gets intimate with is
young people born and living with HIV into sexual intercourse. safe. That crushes my soul to date. What would you like to tell your
county programmes has boosted ARV up-
62% In 2015, adolescents aged 10-19 years Jennifer: I have been asked: “If parents about talking about sex?
2%of HIV girls and
take among young people with HIV.
“They are our best ambassadors when
and young people aged 15-24 years
contributed to 24 per cent and 47 per
we keep using condoms over and over,
when will we have the real deal?” When
Benson: They have to talk about
it. It will be awkward for all of us, but
evalence
valence of
among boys
among boys
HIV
81% it comes to behaviour change communica-
tion among their peers. We have three sup-
cent, respectively, of all new infections in
Kilifi.
I pushed back with a question about
HIV status, I was told “Status baadaye,
we need their guidance. They teach
us not to steal or laugh at people with
aged
aged 15-24
15-24 boys aged 15-19 port groups in high burden facilities, and it kavukavu kwanza.” (We’ll go raw first disability ... sexuality is no different;
years
years years know where helps reduce stigma among themselves. We and worry about status later). it should form part of our normal
to get condoms are proud of them.” conversations. Their advice on safe sex
Sidi shares that being young and positive Are parents and community lead- and HIV prevention would go a long
comes with its own challenges. ers having these crucial conversa- way.
“We get feelings. We get attracted to the tions with you? Jennifer: Parents focus on the
egal and Ethical Issues Network on HIV opposite sex but we have to be very cau- Jennifer: (Chuckles) They will never shame that pregnancy will bring the
d Aids (KELIN) lawyer Allan Maleche tious about who and when to disclose our mention safe sex and trying to bring family. “Who will marry you if you give
hen he filed a petition in court to stop the status to our partners. up sexuality might have you kicked out birth at home?” But that’s not the only
vernment from implementing the decree “Like me, most of us look healthy and of the house. Parents want kids who thing. Sexually transmitted infections
2015. we are, by eating well, exercising and most person is negative or positive. If you decide value abstinence. Religious leaders are are a reality we can’t run away from.
The lawyer said disclosure of names is importantly taking our drugs. Many are the to have unprotected sex then you have put no better. They preach that sex is a sin, We need to have candid and realistic
ntrary to the HIV/Aids Prevention and times I have told someone my status and yourself at great risk.” so don’t expect them to go into the conversations about this.
ontrol Act, which stipulates that the they don’t believe it. “It is even worse for women. We are not nitty-gritty of condom use. They’ll think
mes of those affected should be kept “They tell me: ‘You are beautiful! You expected to propose use of condoms or you are demon-possessed. Problem What about your peers? What do
nfidential. are healthy! You cannot be HIV-positive’,” else we will be labeled promiscuous. This is parents and clergy do not pause to you have to tell them?
“Some of our children get mistreated says Sidi, highlighting the ignorance of compromises our safety. We choose to be consider that young people are already Benson: Kataa kama hakuna
d discriminated by teachers. Some have some of the young people she interacts silent. We take grave risks.” sexually-active. condom (Say no to sex without a
en left under guardians who have mis- with. As a result, some go as far as having Sidi says that condom may be an un- Benson: And the more they shy condom.). And avoid intercourse
eated and neglected them,” says Kilifi unprotected sex with their partners without speakable word in a place like Kilifi where away from having talks on safe sex with when you are too high to make good
ounty HIV/Aids Coordinator Fauz Ibra- knowing their status. a highly religious population focuses on us, the more we are exposed to sexually judgments.
m. “People assume that you can tell the preaching abstinence, but only correct and transmitted infections. They need to Jennifer: We shouldn’t sacrifice
The challenge according to health of- status of a person just by looking at them. consistent use of protection can help lower accept that young people are having our long-term health at the altar of
ials is that HIV-positive youngsters lack They say: ‘But you look so healthy, you the rates of HIV infection. sex, and guide them on how to do it immediate pleasure. If we don’t value
formation about their status and their cannot be positive!’ It’s a lie. That is where Condoms also protects those already safely. our health through our decisions, we
regivers lack the skills or preparation to people go wrong. You only get to know the with virus from contracting a different might not live long enough to see our
sclose the status to the child; this means status of a person by going for a test. If you strain of the virus that might render their
If parents won’t take the lead, aspirations come true.
at the kids don’t take medication or don’t get tested you will never know if the current medication ineffective.
how about young people starting
DAILY NATION | Tuesday February 27, 2018
Q&A » WITH DR FLO
I have diabetes. Can I
get pregnant safely?
Dr Flo, I am trying to conceive
but my diabetes and thyroid are an
obstacle. Please help me. Bhavini
Dear Bhavini,
Diabetes can affect you and your
growing baby during pregnancy, if
blood sugar is not well controlled. It
can lead to birth defects, premature
delivery, overweight baby, baby with
breathing problems, blood sugar
problems in the baby, miscarriage or
stillbirth. In the mother, high blood
sugar during pregnancy can lead to
eye problems, kidney problems or
pre-eclampsia.
Thyroid disease can lead to diffi-
culty getting pregnant, though once
the thyroid hormone levels nor-
malise, it should be possible to get
pregnant. Once you get pregnant,
thyroid disease can lead to prema-
ture birth, low birth weight, miscar-
riage, pre-eclampsia, heart failure
or thyroid storm (sudden elevation
of thyroid hormones with severe
symptoms).
For this reason, it is important to
have your blood sugar and thyroid
hormones well controlled before and
during pregnancy. Take your medi-
cation as directed, manage your
diet, exercise and aim for a healthy
weight. Before getting pregnant,
have a checkup for blood pressure,
thyroid hormone levels, the heart,
the eyes, the kidneys and the nerves.
The doctor may also change your
medication. You will also be put on
folic acid.
You will probably have more
frequent doctor visits during the
pregnancy, frequent blood sugar
and thyroid hormone level checks
and more frequent ultrasounds and
monitoring of the baby.
A safe pregnancy and delivery will
take team effort with the endocrinol-
ogist, an obstetrician, a nutritionist,
and you as the most important team
member.
Dr Flo, I am 25 years old. The left
side of my body aches and some-
times I can’t hold anything with my
left hand. The pain is in my head,
neck, arm, hip and leg. What is ail-
ing me and how can I treat it? Win-
fred Khatabasi
Dear Khatabasi,
HEALTH NEWS
medical clinic Healthy Nation | 7
TITBITS
health
REFURBISHED NEWBORN
UNITS TO REDUCE INFANT
DEATHS IN BUNGOMA
Newborn units in Bungoma County can
now handle triple the number of babies,
thanks to a collaboration between the county
government and Mount Kenya University. The
project which aims to reduce infant mortality
in the county, was funded by UKAID through
the County Innovation Challenge Fund. “We
The pain may be a result of a Dear Stan, have refurbished and installed modern equip-
problem with the bones, the discs Your wife has inflammation of ment in eight newborn units across eight
or the ligaments at the neck. The the fascia on the bottom of the foot. sub-county health facilities, from only two that
bones of the spinal vertebral column This is a sheet of fibrous tissue that lacked adequate equipment,” said Prof Francis
are held together by ligaments, connects the heel to the front of the Muregi, the director in charge of research and
which are bands of fibrous tissue. foot, where the toes start. It sup- innovation at Mount Kenya University. From
The bones have inter-vertebral discs ports the foot, helping us walk by a capacity of 100 newborns, the new facilities
between one bone and the next, acting as a shock absorber. It can can now handle 320 newborns at any given
which act as cushions. The spinal easily get injured or torn due to too time. “In the next one year, we envisage that
cord that passes through these much pressure on the feet. When newborn mortality will go down significantly,”
bones is made up of many nerves, this happens, there is pain, usually said Dr Jesse Gitaka, the lead investigator of
and at every level, some nerves after starting to walk after sitting the project dubbed Collaborative Newborn
come out between the bones head- or lying down for long, or after Support Project. Additionally, about 10,000
ing to different parts of the body. At being on your feet for long. It is mothers have been engaged through the call
the neck, the spinal cord is carrying more common in those who are centre service, thousands reached over the
the nerves that go to the neck, the overweight or obese, those whose radio programme and 95 nurses and clini-
arms, the chest and back, and the jobs require them to stand or cians trained on neonatology. Prof Muregi said
lower part of the body. walk for long durations of time, that the project is a model of how universi-
You may have wear and tear of and long distance runners. ties should leverage intellectual resources by
the bones, leading to formation of It can also occur during late working collaboratively with communities to
bony projections called spurs or pregnancy, and in those with address socio-economic challenges. The First
uneven edges of the bones which flat feet or a high foot arch. Lady of Bungoma County Caroline Wangamati
can press on the spinal cord itself Wearing shoes with poor arch challenged Bungoma residents to shun ret-
or some nerves. The discs can also support also contributes to rogressive cultural practices and embrace in-
shrink due to wear and tear, or they the problem. novative ways of addressing health problems.
can slip or bulge on one side, press- To manage it, reduce Wangamati also called for more resources
ing on some nerves. The ligaments the pressure on her feet towards research and innovation in preventing
can also become stiff, making it by reducing the walking premature deliveries, childbirth complications
difficult to move the neck. This can and standing. Stretch and and deaths.
happen if you have ever had a neck massage the feet before
injury, or if your job involves moving getting out of bed in the
your neck a lot or holding it in a par- morning and after standing or
ticular position, or due to advanced walking for long. She should
age. wear shoes with a cushioning
This leads to pain, stiff neck, sole e.g. thick rubber sole or
numbness, tingling and weak- sneakers and shoes with good
ness of limbs, lack of coordination arch support. She can also get
when walking or loss of bladder or heel cushions from the hospital,
bowel control. You need to see a a pharmacy or even the super-
neurologist (nerve specialist) and market. Painkillers also help to
an orthopaedist (bone) specialist, reduce the pain and inflamma-
for a thorough physical evaluation. tion. A physiotherapist can help
Thereafter, you will be sent for X- with exercises for the feet and legs.
ray, CT scan or MRI scan. You may In case she has tried all this, and
also be sent for blood tests or nerve she’s still in a lot of pain, she may
tests to check for other illnesses like require a steroid injection to the alcohol
multiple sclerosis. damaged area, which should be
Regular exercise, hot or cold
packs for the areas in pain or pain-
done by an orthopaedic specialist.
Other treatments that the ortho-
HEAVY DRINKING A RISK
killers can help ease the symptoms. paedist may recommend include FACTOR FOR DEMENTIA
You would also benefit from physio- using splints, plantar ionto-
Chronic heavy drinking is a major risk factor
therapy and use of a soft neck brace phoresis (using an electric cur-
for all types of dementia, especially early onset
for short periods. The doctor may rent to get an applied drug into
of the disease, according to a study published
recommend steroids or anti-convul- the foot), extracorporeal shock
in The Lancet Public Health. Researchers exam-
sants to help manage the pain. wave therapy and surgery.
ining more than 57,000 cases of early-onset
dementia in France found that well over half
Dr Flo, my wife feels pain in her Send your medical questions to were either alcohol-related, or accompanied
heel especially if she walks a long healthynation@ke.nationmedi by an additional diagnosis of alcohol abuse.
distance or does some exercise. a.com for absolutely free expert Overall, alcohol use disorders were associ-
Which is is the best medicine to advice ated with a three-fold higher risk of all types
treat this? Stan of dementia. Alzheimer’s and other forms of
dementia are said to be premature before
the age of 65. The World Health Organisation
(WHO) defines “chronic heavy drinking” as
HOMA BAY STEPS UP MALARIA FIGHT WITH NEW CAMPAIGN more than 60 grammes of pure alcohol — six
or more standard drinks — a day for men, and
The county governments of Mig- surging cases of malaria in the lakeside with malaria in the county last year, and in excess of 40 grammes per day for women.
ori, Kisumu, Siaya and Homa Bay are counties. 91 people died from the disease. Researchers combed through medical records
stepping up the fight against malaria “Our aim is to reduce the soaring “The spraying is going to help us of more than one million adults in France diag-
through an indoor spraying campaign number of patients with malaria cases reduce the number of deaths and sick- nosed with dementia from 2008 to 2013. The
and the destruction of mosquito breed- in this region,” he announced. ness orchestrated by malaria-causing link with alcohol was statistically unmistakable,
ing sites. Homa Bay County Executive for mosquitoes,” said Dr Muga, while reas- leading the authors to suggest screening, brief
In Homa Bay, 271,000 houses in 40 Health Dr Richard Muga said that the suring the residents that the exercise interventions for heavy drinking, and alcohol-
wards are targeted and the county gov- programme has been aligned with the is safe. ism treatment to help reduce cognitive decline.
ernment has contributed Sh12 million county’s health sector strategies on Over 1,500 mobilisers and 856 Previous research has likewise established a
for the exercise. fighting malaria. sprayers have been contracted across link between heavy drinking and smoking, de-
American Indoor Residual Spray- He noted that more than 259,000 Homa Bay County for the exercise that pression, and low educational attainment — all
ing Representative Bradley Longman pregnant women and 110,000 children will last 36 days. risk factors for dementia. The study excluded
said that the exercise aims to reduce below the age of five were infected -Barack Oduor patients with diseases linked to rare demen-
tias, and people with early-life mental health
disorders. (AFP)
8 | Healthy Nation research Tuesday February 27, 2018 | DAILY NATION

ENVIRONMENT » DEVICE THAT HARVESTS WATER FROM AIR COULD BE ANSWER TO WATER SCARCITY SCIENCE BRIEFS
soil

Trio bets on sun, tech and CRUSHED ROCKS

COULD IMPROVE
FOOD SECURITY

air to solve water problems Adding crushed rocks to farms could

protect crops from pests and diseases and
restore soil structure and fertility, thereby
improving global food security. Fast-react-
ing silicate rocks could also capture and
reduce the amount of carbon dioxide
Three BY AGGREY OMBOKI
entering the atmosphere. Researchers
@OmbokiAggrey
women aomboki@ke.nationmedia.com
examined the effect of adding crushed
silicate rocks like basalt, left over from
hope to ancient volcanic eruptions, to soil. As

I
fix water
scarcity
problems
t may not come as a surprise that Beth Koigi,
with a 26-year-old who grew up in Kimende on the
device that outskirts of Nyahururu Town, is trying to solve
harvests water problems.
Her father uses water supply technology to
water from irrigate his farm, one of her brothers runs a
the air company that makes water gutters and roof-
ing, while the other is a water engineer who
builds dams.
With a master’s in project planning and
management from the University of Nairobi,
Beth also set out to solve water problems, an
idea whose seed was planted during childhood
when she watched villagers fetching water
downhill make laborious trips uphill with the
precious liquid in jerry cans balanced on their
heads.
Her first attempt at fixing water problems
was as a first-year college student. Tired of
battling waterborne infections, but too broke
to afford a water purification system, she made
a do-it-yourself water filter.
WHY SPEND
Her colleagues took an interest in her in-
SO MUCH novation and asked her to make them filters,
which she distributed free of charge. These
TIME AND experiences watered the seed of developing a
ENERGY community water generator in her mind.
“There’s a big link between water scarcity
TO FETCH and water contamination. People with little
WATER water may not bother to filter it, hence getting
WHILE exposed to waterborne diseases. I also won-
dered why we spend so much time and energy
THERE IS
to fetch and transport water while there is
WATER IN atmospheric water generation technology that
can be utilised to access the water right where
AIR?
we are,” Beth told HealthyNation.
With her idea in the pocket, Beth applied for
Beth Koigi
the Global Solutions Program that saw her join
the Singularity University at the Silicon Valley
in the US – the innovation capital of the world
– where she met her partners Clare Sewell
and Anastasia Kaschenko, and Majik Wa-
ter was born.
Ms Clare Sewell, a financial strategy
consultant with a BSc in Econom-
ics and Management, has 10 years’
experience of strategy consulting and
runs her own startup in Malawi. Water
harvesting specialist Anastasia
Kaschenko, who serves as the
firm’s chief technology officer,
holds a BSc in environment
from Trent University and
also does research and
development at tech
firm Carbon Upcy-
cling Technologies.
how it works
Majik Water is developing atmospheric water
generators supplied with power by solar pan-
els in order to convert humidity in the air into
water. The device uses sponge-like materials
(dessicants) that have high affinity for water
molecules to attract water from humid air.
When heated, the desiccants release water
vapour which is then condensed. This allows
the device to get water even in low humidity
and arid areas. Since these materials can be
reused over and over once heated, the device
is a one-time and cost-effective purchase.
Majik Water uses solar energy for heating,
making the device appropriate for off-grid
communities.
“We were connected by the same need to see a
world where everyone has access to adequate
and clean drinking water,” says Beth, adding
that there is six times more water in the at-
mosphere than in all rivers around the world.
“Our planetary atmosphere is a source of
clean drinking water that has not been utilised.
But this concept of harvesting water from air
is not entirely new as ancient communities
including Africans and Kenyans have used it to
harvest dew,” she says.
Majik Water’s greatest challenge has been
using solar energy. The firm is exploring dif-
ferent ways to make the system easier to use
and affordable for all. Other challenges include
the need for a lot of energy to condense water
directly from the air. To resolve the challenge,
Majik Water is using materials with high af-
these minute rock grains dissolve chemi-
cally in soils, they take up carbon dioxide
and release plant-essential nutrients. This
reduces the use of agricultural fertilisers
and pesticides, lowering the cost of food
production, increasing the profitability of
farms and reducing the barriers to uptake
by the agricultural sector. Arable farms
already apply crushed rock in the form of
limestone to reverse acidification of soils
caused by farming practices, including
the use of fertilisers. “Changing the type
of rock, and increasing the application
rate, would do the same job as applying
crushed limestone but help capture carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere, storing it
in soils and eventually the oceans,” said
Professor Stephen Long, co-author of the
study published in Nature Plants.
technology
Majik Water’s atmospheric water generator, COMPUTER MODELS
which uses solar power to convert humidity into
water. PHOTO | COURTESY HELP DIVERSIFY PEST
MANAGEMENT
finity for water molecules in air which easily
capture these molecules, heats them and col-
Scientists have come up with compu-
tational tools that can give clues on pests’
lects the water vapour released. This makes
habits and thus help create more efficient
the technology more energy-efficient.
Also, most of the technology that exists har-
strategies of pest control. The scientists
have developed mathematical models to
vests dew, fog, mist or water in high humidity describe the movements of agricultural
of 60 per cent and above. They have tackled pests, aiming at better understanding
this by tweaking their device to work in low
how these pests disperse in agricultural
humidity of 35 per cent as is common in most areas. “The idea is to use computer
arid and semi-arid areas in Kenya. models to design strategies capable of
The three women scooped first prize of
reducing the damage done to crops by
15,000 Euros (Sh 1.9 million), beating 96 other pest populations and containing their
startups from Africa, at an innovation contest
expansion on plantations,” said Wesley
in France. This money, they hope, will help Augusto Conde Godoy, coordinator of
them move their device from idea to commer- the project. The researchers first modeled
cial viability. the movements of the cucurbit beetle,
This comes at a time when biting water Diabrotica speciosa, which attacks several
shortages are becoming more problematic in crops, such as soybeans, corn and cotton.
Kenya and the world at large. Using computer modeling, they found
“Over 700m people do not have access to that spatial configurations in diversified
clean and safe water worldwide. 319 million of intercropping systems (growing two or
these are in sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, 12 more crops in proximity) could favour or
million people do not have access to adequate inhibit pest dispersal. The same dynamics
clean drinking water. Most worryingly, water can be applied on other agricultural pests,
shortages are predicted to get much worse such as the Fall armyworm, by delaying
over the next decade,” Beth says. the development of resistance to trans-
By 2025, the UN estimates that 1.8 bil- genic crops (that have been modified to
lion people will face absolute water shortage repel parasites through inclusion of ge-
around the world and two-thirds of the world’s netic material from Bacillus thuringiensis
population will be living in water-scarce areas. Berliner (Bt) bacteria).
For this reason, the world needs to find in-
novative ways to provide water for a growing
population.

Scientists call for stricter regulation of herbal products

BY AGGREY OMBOKI
aomboki@ke.nationmedia.com
Scientists are calling for stricter regula-
tion of herbal products in Kenya following
findings of a new study that showed that
such products are contaminated with
aflatoxin.
“Thirty out of 34 of the powders and
9 out of 14 of herbal liquids sampled
from Eldoret were contaminated,” said a
report presented at the 8th Annual KEMRI
Research Conference, by lead author
Dr Lucia Keter. In Mombasa, 16 out of
19 herbal powders were contaminated,
while eight out of 12 liquid samples
were contaminated. Dr Keter noted that
the products got contaminated during
cultivation, harvest, storage, processing,
handling and distribution, more so due to
lack of effective sanitary control measures.
The products purchased from outlets in
Eldoret and Mombasa had both disease
causing (pathogenic) and non-disease
causing (nonpathogenic) bacteria. Of
note was that the researchers found
cryptococcus neorformans, a fungus that
can cause meningitis, in one of the herbal
products from Eldoret.
Dr Keter pointed out that the growing
popularity of herbal products coupled with
unregulated sales could expose Kenyans to
aflatoxin poisoning due to unsafe or non-
standard production processes.
“Herbal product sellers are allowed to
get away with placing products that make
no claims on content on supermarket,
chemist and shop shelves, as opposed to
conventional drugs that are required to do
so before being cleared for sale. Herbal
products need to be subjected to the
same rigorous standards as conventional
pharmaceutical products in order to meet
globally acceptable standards before
being put out for sale,” she said.
“Quality assurance should be built
into the whole process of manufacturing
medicinal herbal products. There is need
for constant monitoring and control of the
microbial standards of herbal medicines
available on the market,” she added.