Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Manuel Hernandez
16 de febrero de 2018
library(ggplot2)
line1 <- ggplot(base, aes(Semana, NAA, colour = as.factor(Paciente),
group = as.factor(Paciente)))
line1 + stat_summary(fun.y = mean, geom = "point") +
stat_summary(fun.y = mean,geom = "line") +
labs(x = "SEMANA", y = "NAA")
1
as.factor(Paciente)
1.5 1
2
3
4
5
1.0
NAA
6
7
8
9
0.5
10
11
12
0.0
01 02 06 10 14 15 16
SEMANA
Analisis descriptivo
library(pastecs)
2
## $`1`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.0000000 1.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 1.0300000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.0300000 3.9100000 0.6500000 0.5585714 0.1297695
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.3175346 0.1178810 0.3433380 0.6146715 -0.3498620
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.2203923 -1.3402515 -0.4221396 0.9361037 0.6039148
##
## $`2`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 1.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 1.03000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.03000000 4.81000000 0.96000000 0.68714286 0.16048608
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.39269529 0.18029048 0.42460626 0.61793011 -0.65095927
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.41006579 -1.58768086 -0.50007247 0.78398902 0.02834379
##
## $`3`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.37000000 1.18000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.81000000 6.01000000 0.80000000 0.85857143 0.10631106
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.26013379 0.07911429 0.28127262 0.32760538 -0.40556660
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.25548294 -1.32407559 -0.41704461 0.91928220 0.46383635
##
## $`4`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.2500000 1.4800000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.2300000 4.6200000 0.3900000 0.6600000 0.1781519
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.4359220 0.2221667 0.4713456 0.7141600 0.6477359
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.4080353 -1.4135976 -0.4452414 0.8468372 0.1149567
##
## $`5`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.42000000 1.33000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.91000000 6.21000000 0.74000000 0.88714286 0.15594129
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.38157460 0.17022381 0.41258188 0.46506814 0.11463461
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.07221302 -2.12889355 -0.67053844 0.80691051 0.04791434
##
## $`6`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.16000000 1.39000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
3
## 1.23000000 5.21000000 0.63000000 0.74428571 0.18666059
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.45674202 0.24389524 0.49385751 0.66353216 0.13820099
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.08705844 -1.96758005 -0.61972946 0.90923687 0.39061504
##
## $`7`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.30000000 1.17000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.87000000 6.26000000 0.90000000 0.89428571 0.11594040
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.28369594 0.09409524 0.30674947 0.34301059 -0.80911579
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.50969504 -0.77029720 -0.24262081 0.86545669 0.16930696
##
## $`8`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.4100000 1.8000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.3900000 8.8400000 1.3000000 1.2628571 0.2033846
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.4976643 0.2895571 0.5381051 0.4261014 -0.4129181
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.2601139 -1.6218498 -0.5108347 0.9017497 0.3417086
##
## $`9`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.2800000 1.2400000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.9600000 4.1000000 0.5400000 0.5857143 0.1261869
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.3087682 0.1114619 0.3338591 0.5700034 0.8841176
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.5569418 -0.6988512 -0.2201174 0.8640188 0.1644121
##
## $`10`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.6600000 1.6400000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.9800000 8.2700000 1.2800000 1.1814286 0.1345615
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.3292602 0.1267476 0.3560163 0.3013439 -0.2956038
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.1862129 -1.6530520 -0.5206624 0.9301781 0.5524152
##
## $`11`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.60000000 1.28000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.68000000 6.54000000 1.01000000 0.93428571 0.09551507
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.23371697 0.06386190 0.25270913 0.27048378 -0.03854177
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
4
## -0.02427903 -1.78598376 -0.56253201 0.94970363 0.72700042
##
## $`12`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 7.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.50000000 1.26000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.76000000 6.52000000 0.91000000 0.93142857 0.09974798
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.24407452 0.06964762 0.26390835 0.28333719 -0.28279803
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.17814601 -1.47779894 -0.46546291 0.96956248 0.89527955
Para analizar la homogeneidad de las observaciones de cada individuo, consideremos la siguiente tabla
paciente vs cv
A partir de ella se deduce lo sifuiente
• los pacientes 10, 11 y 12 fueron los unicos con mediciones homogenias.
• El paciente 4, fue el que presento las nediones de acido mas heterogenias, seguido de los pacientes 6, 2 y
1
qplot( x=Paciente , y=NAA , data=base , geom=c("boxplot","jitter") , fill=as.factor(Paciente))+
geom_boxplot(alpha=0.4) +
stat_summary(fun.y=mean, geom="point", shape=20, size=5, color="red", fill="red")
as.factor(Paciente)
1.5 1
2
3
4
5
1.0
NAA
6
7
8
9
0.5
10
11
12
0.0
En el diagrama de cajas, se respalda el hecho de que los pacientes 11 y 12 tengan perfiles similares.
Los unicos pacientes sin valores estremos son 10, 11 y 12
5
Si no existe mezcla de distribuciones, entonces se observa que los indivudos 1,2,9,10 y11 tengan mediciones
con asimetria negativa. Los otros individuos presentan asimetria positiva
## $`01`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.16000000 1.40000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.24000000 6.17000000 0.42500000 0.51416667 0.10215451
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.22484055 0.12522652 0.35387359 0.68824685 1.10373842
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.86594614 0.52310925 0.21225837 0.84613480 0.03290277
##
## $`02`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.0000000 2.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 1.4000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.4000000 6.9700000 0.4600000 0.5808333 0.1358779
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.2990653 0.2215538 0.4706950 0.8103788 0.4792799
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.3760226 -1.2414824 -0.5037476 0.9150547 0.2475453
##
## $`06`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.74000000 1.80000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.06000000 14.46000000 1.17500000 1.20500000 0.08361619
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.18403799 0.08390000 0.28965497 0.24037757 0.57016791
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.44732945 -0.46521251 -0.18876601 0.94190992 0.52320478
##
## $`10`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.56000000 1.80000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 1.24000000 12.95000000 1.08000000 1.07916667 0.09835355
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.21647471 0.11608106 0.34070671 0.31571278 0.34184765
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.26819910 -0.58834911 -0.23873029 0.95843017 0.76120605
##
## $`14`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.75000000 1.60000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.85000000 13.96000000 1.16500000 1.16333333 0.07441014
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
6
## 0.16377561 0.06644242 0.25776428 0.22157388 -0.04529589
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.03553722 -1.04182418 -0.42273368 0.96329955 0.82968878
##
## $`15`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.28000000 1.23000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.95000000 9.08000000 0.74500000 0.75666667 0.07721804
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.16995577 0.07155152 0.26749115 0.35351253 -0.06679455
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## -0.05240416 -0.87374780 -0.35453451 0.97627944 0.96433169
##
## $`16`
## nbr.val nbr.null nbr.na min max
## 12.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.36000000 1.10000000
## range sum median mean SE.mean
## 0.74000000 7.71000000 0.63000000 0.64250000 0.06735394
## CI.mean.0.95 var std.dev coef.var skewness
## 0.14824502 0.05443864 0.23332089 0.36314535 0.38624593
## skew.2SE kurtosis kurt.2SE normtest.W normtest.p
## 0.30303210 -1.13831668 -0.46188677 0.93316046 0.41481816
qplot( x=Semana , y=NAA , data=base , geom=c("boxplot","jitter") , fill=Semana)+
geom_boxplot(alpha=0.4) +
stat_summary(fun.y=mean, geom="point", shape=20, size=5, color="red", fill="red")
7
1.5
Semana
01
02
1.0 06
NAA
10
14
15
0.5 16
0.0
01 02 06 10 14 15 16
Semana
#tabla semana, cv(%), normalidad ic para mu al 95%
De la tabla y el diagrama de cajas observamos diferencias en las medias de las semanas durante el tratamiento
con respecto al resto de semanas.
De manera independiente se encontro normalidad en todas las semanas exepto en la primera semana.
Se observo que antes de aplicar el tratamiento los datos para las semanas son muy heteroneas, durante el
tratamiento se observa homogeneidad y al fianal del tratamiento son heteroneas pero no tanto como al final.
3. Validación de supuestos
3.1 Normalidad
shapiro.test(base$NAA)
##
## Shapiro-Wilk normality test
##
## data: base$NAA
## W = 0.98482, p-value = 0.4291
hist(base$NAA)
8
Histogram of base$NAA
15
Frequency
10
5
0
base$NAA
A partir de la tabla2 y de la prueba de shapiro welk aplicada al contenido de ácido abscórbico (p-valor=0.4291),
se puede concluir que dicha variable se distribuye aproximadamente normal a un nivel de significancia del 5%
n=length(base$NAA)
k=round(1+3.322*log10(n),0)
R=max(base$NAA)-min(base$NAA)
h=R/k# aprox. 0.26
h=0.26
R2=k*h
a=R2-R
min2=min(base$NAA)
max2=max(base$NAA)+a
puntos=round(min2+(0:k)*h,2) #h=0.51
hist(base$NAA, freq=F, main = '', xlab = '', ylab='fi',
col='red',breaks = puntos) #breaks representa los limites de clases
lines(density(base$NAA),col="blue")
9
1.0
0.8
0.6
fi
0.4
0.2
0.0
10
QQ−plot del Volumen
1.5
Sample Quantiles
1.0
0.5
0.0
−2 −1 0 1 2
Theoretical Quantiles
puntos=round(min2+(0:k)*h,2) #h=0.51
11
hist(base$Volumen, freq=F, main = '', xlab = '', ylab='fi',
col='red',breaks = puntos) #breaks representa los limites de clases
# 3.2 Esfericidad
datos=as.data.frame( t(matrix(Volumen,ncol=8,nrow=6)))
names(datos)=c("-10","25","37","50","65","80")
library(Hmisc)
var(as.matrix(datos))
library(car)
scatterplotMatrix(datos, smooth = F)
12
1 - pf(3.097308, 0.9012407*5, 0.9012407*35) # valor p ajuste Huynh-Fieldt
(0.5364286+0.9012407)/2
1 - pf(3.097308, 0.7188347*5, 0.7188347*35) # valor p promedio de ajustes
friedman.test(cbind(Volumen,Temp.t,sujeto))
library(multcomp)
summary(glht(m2,linfct=mcp(Temp.t="Tukey")))
13