3 - Siemens Presentation - APMP-Final

Clamp-on Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeters
Have Injected the New Blood

into Natural Gas Check-metering and
Custody Transfer Application
Characteristics of Clamp-on Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeter
Rocky Zhang
Siemens
Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Page 1 Author / Department

Table of contents
 Global acceptance of ultrasonic technology
 Theory of operation
 Similarities and differences between Clamp-on ultrasonic
gas flowmeters and ultrasonic liquid flowmeter
 Differences between the field clamp-on and clamp-on
spool in check-metering and custody transfer application
 Benefits of clamp-on ultrasonic gas flowmeter
 A few unique features of Siemens clamp-on gas
flowmeters
 Short video of Apple App for local and remote meter
access for programming and diagnostics

Ultrasonic Flow Measurement Technology
 Ultrasonic Flowmetering is the Fastest Growing Flow

Measurement Technology – 9%
 Relatively New, Proven & Dynamic
 AGA, API, ISO, ASME, etc. are in place

API issue the standard and Siemens participated
in its testing towards the Standard Establishment

AGA Standard with Clamp-on being qualified

Ultrasonic Flow Technology Category
Acoustic Measurement Type

Transit Time
Doppler
 Installation type
 Insertion (in-line wetted sensor)
 Clamp- on Type (externally mounted sensor)
 Clamp-on Transit Time Signal Transmission Type

Wide Beam
Shear Mode (Narrow Beam)

First, let’s take a look at transit-time theory…
There is a time difference. Why?

A
Upstream Downstream
B

Ultrasonic Flow Metering Variations

Clamp-on Market 2012 Survey by Flow Research
Siemens has the No. 1 market share
Technology Breakdown
Clamp-on Market
Restricted © Siemens AGClamp

2014 Allmarket share
rights reserved.
Source: Flow
Page 9 Market Research Study April 2012 Author / Department
Shear Mode (Narrow beam) / Wide beam Transmission (Clamp-on)
Insert Wave
Click for Sample wide

Wide Beam
beam
wide beam Click for Sample Shear

Mode
Shear Mode
Narrow beam

WideBeam™ Clamp-On Flowmeter
WideBeam Convert pipe into transducers and “Sees” most of the Fluid Flow Profile to
provide much more Stable and Repeatable Data
Wetted Insert
Quadruple
Dual WideBeam WideBeam

Clamp-on Technologies -
Wide Beam and Narrow Beam transit time
WideBeam.html -

Operation of Zero Drift Correction
Pipe wall signal path
Upstream Transducer Downstream Transducer
Signal path
Burst of pulses Arrival of signal Arrival of signal

From transducer through pipe wall through
measured stream
Time
Operation of Zero Flow Correction


Basic clamp-on system configuration

Differences between ultrasonic gas and
liquid measurement
 Low density (1 Kg/m3 vs. 1000 Kg/m3 for water)
 Low gas sound velocity (350 m/s vs. 1500 m/s for water)
 Lower refraction angle(7 degree for clamp-on vs. 30 for liquid)
 High flow velocity (As high as 100 m/s vs. 5 m/s for most liquids)
 High accuracy requirement (Typically 0.5% or better)
 Sonic gas signals are harder to inject
 Otherwise same as liquid such as both using transit time technology

Clamp-On Gas and Gas Properties
Gas Molecular Weight vs. Sonic Velocity @ 0oC

(MW reference from CRC handbook)
80
Chlorine Curve represents the Flare Gas meter

70 computed MW derived from the measured
Sulfur dioxide
temperature and sonic velocity.
MW = k R T for k = 1.29 (specific heat ratio)
60 2
Vs R = Gas constant (8314)
Actual MW (grams/mole)
T = Degrees Kelvin
50
Carbon Dioxide
40
Hydrogen Sulfide
Oxygen
30 Air
Ethylene
20 Nitrogen / Carbon Monoxide Ammonia
Methane
10 Helium
Hydrogen
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Gas Sonic Velocity Vs (Mps)

Similarity and Difference Between Liquids and Gases
• Gas has a much lower density and sonic propagation velocity

• Gas has a lower refraction angle

Similarity and Difference Between Liquids and Gases
 Gas has a lower sonic impedance and therefore less amplitude

 Importance of Damping Material
Before damping After damping

Dampening Material
 Removes pipe wall noise and convert its energy from sound to heat
 Sonic impedance of material is a better match to the pipe wall than the gas
 Transducer can be mounted on top of the material
 Improves SNR

Clamp-On Gas and Gas Properties
Compressibility factor for Natural Gas
1.2
1.1
1 0C
20 C
Z-Factor
40 C
0.9
60 C
80 C
0.8 100 C
0.7
0.6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Pressure (bara)
PACT TBASE Z BASE
QBASE  Q ACT   
PBASE TACT Z ACT

FUG1010 compensate for temperature, pressure and
gas compressibility using fixed gas compensation
Fixed gas composition

Standard Volume and Gas Compressibility
Compensation

Clamp-on Flowmeter Benefits
Non-Intrusive Technology
 No Pressure Drop or Energy Loss
 No need to cut pipe or stop flow except for spool
Little to No Maintenance
 No Moving Parts, No Wear, No Foul, No Cavity
 No need for sensor cleaning
Application:
 Check metering
 Custody transfer
 Portable application
Diagnostics:
 Tell flow direction
 Tell meter’s health and time for calibration and
maintenance

Siemens Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter Benefits
 Wide beam technology (highly immune to beam blowing and PCV noise)
 Patented compensation algorithms to improve accuracy for different
upstream pipe configurations
 Use pipe wall signal to verify the flowmeter’s integrity of both hardware
and software
 The signal diagnostic graphics can be viewed from the transmitter which is
used as an oscilloscope for diagnostic
 Apple App Connection – to program, download data and diagnose the

flowmeter both locally and remotely
 Wide beam technology is the only technology that can perform the
custody transfer accuracy by using externally mounted sensors.

40+ Patent
Compensation for upstream conditions
Family of Flow Profile Correction Values as a Function of Pipe Configuration
1.05
Region of Depressed Core Flow
1
Flat Flow Profile
Fully Developed
One
0.95 Two
Profile Correction Multiplier
Three
Four
Fully Developed Flow Profile Five
Six
0.9
Seven
Eight
Region of Jet Flow Nine
Ten (Flat)
0.85 Eleven (Depressed)
Twelve
0.8
0.75
1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08
Copyright: Controlotron 2004 Reynolds Number
Compensation for upstream

pipe configuration to improve
accuracy

Pipe Configuration Compensation

WideBeam benefits:
Increased Immunity to Beam Blowing
Beam Blowing
 In case of fluids with very high velocity, the acoustic signal may be blown
out of the reception area of the transducer.
 The shear mode clamp-on transducers are sensitive to beam blowing.
 The WideBeam transducers are highly immune to beam blowing effects.

INSENSATIVE TO CONTROL VALVE NOISE
CV Noise = 100khz - 150khz

Insert Meters = 100Khz – 200
Khz;
WideBeam Meters = 200khz –
450khz (most gas applications)

Custody transfer flowmeter with externally mounted
transducers

Insert vs Clam-on Sensors
Cavity cause local flow disturbance and No Cavity and no sensor cleaning
wetted sensor has built up and for clamp-on technology
contamination potential
Page 30
Page 30 9/20/2014 For internal use only Author / Department
Patented Technology
One of 5 winners in measurement

category
Recognized for non-intrusive
ultrasonic sensors and 1st meter
of its kind to offer custody
transfer accuracy
TransLoc mounting system


Siware – Diagnostic, Viewing, Reporting,
Application Review and Sensor Selection

Si-Ware Diagnostic software

Local and Remote Access to Gas Flowmeter (Siemens
SITRANS CONNECTION)

Typical field clamp-on gas flowmeter

Typical Transloc Clamp-on spool with
external mounted sensors

Typical gas checkmetering using clamp-on
gas flowmeter

Some more field Clamp-on installation- Natural Gas
(24”)

42” Field Clamp-on Gas
meter

55” CLAMP-ON GAS METER

4 Beam in Cold Weather

Gas measurement with toxic HCL
– 10” OD/2.5” WT

Portable check-metering kit

KOGAS Installations with KRISS Calibration


Test at TransCanada Calibrations 8CS40 Pipe,
Dual Beam, Reflect
Testing at TCC with flow conditioner () and adjustment;

except for the data point at 130 ft/sec (), which was “out-of-
the-box” performance with flow conditioner removed.
Results of Testing Field Clamp-On System 1010GC

vs. Turbine Reference Meter (8CS40 Pipe)
2.00
1.50
(FWME Correction per AGA-9)
1.00
Deviation (%)
0.50
0.00
-0.50
130 f/s, w/o Flow
-1.00 Conditioner and no-
correction, as-found
-1.50 datapoint
Insert Chordal 5-path failed at about 95 ft/sec! -2.00

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500
3
Flow (m /hr) (Flow Rates >qt)

What is SITRANS CONNECTION?

Thank you for your attention!
Max Mustermann
Function
Sector / Region / Department
Musterstraß e 123
12345 Musterstadt
Phone: +49 (1234) 56789

Fax: +49 (1234) 98765
Cellular: +49 (170) 1234567

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Clamp-on Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeters

Have Injected the New Blood

Characteristics of Clamp-on Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeter

Page 1 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 2 Author / Department

 Ultrasonic Flowmetering is the Fastest Growing Flow

 Relatively New, Proven & Dynamic

 AGA, API, ISO, ASME, etc. are in place

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 3 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 4 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 5 Author / Department

Acoustic Measurement Type

 Clamp-on Transit Time Signal Transmission Type

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 6 Author / Department

There is a time difference. Why?

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 7 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 8 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AGClamp

Click for Sample wide

wide beam Click for Sample Shear

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 10 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 11 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 12 Author / Department

Pipe wall signal path

Upstream Transducer Downstream Transducer

Burst of pulses Arrival of signal Arrival of signal

Operation of Zero Flow Correction

Page 13 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 14 Author / Department

 Low density (1 Kg/m3 vs. 1000 Kg/m3 for water)

 Lower refraction angle(7 degree for clamp-on vs. 30 for liquid)

 High accuracy requirement (Typically 0.5% or better)

 Sonic gas signals are harder to inject

 Otherwise same as liquid such as both using transit time technology

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 15 Author / Department

Gas Molecular Weight vs. Sonic Velocity @ 0oC

Chlorine Curve represents the Flare Gas meter

20 Nitrogen / Carbon Monoxide Ammonia

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 16 Author / Department

• Gas has a much lower density and sonic propagation velocity

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 17 Author / Department

 Gas has a lower sonic impedance and therefore less amplitude

Before damping After damping

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 18 Author / Department

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.

Page 19 Author / Department

Compressibility factor for Natural Gas

Page 20 Author / Department