RFID READER FOR STUDENT IDENTIFICATION

Abstract:
Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems generally consist of two components:
a powered base station, and one or more unpowered transponders. By tuning the
transponder antennas to the same frequency as the base station antenna, power
transmitted by the base station can be captured by the transponder, in essentially the same
way that power is transferred in a transformer. This eliminates the need to have a separate
power source for the transponder, which in turn allows for miniaturization.

The base station in our RFID system consists of an Atmel U2270B base station
integrated circuit (IC), Atmel/Phillips 89C51 microcontroller, an inductive coil antenna,
and associated circuitry. Both the base station and transponder are capable of transmitting
and receiving data. The base station transmits data by modulating the magnitude of the
electric field sent through its coil. The transponder can detect the modulated field through
its own coil to recover the data

The U2270B seems to be Atmel’s only commercially available 125 kHz RFID base
station, so that made the choice of base station IC rather simple. The U2270B is paired
with an Atmel/Phillips 89C51 microcontroller. The Atmel/Phillips 89C51 operates at 12
MHz with a 5 V power supply, and has a slew of features. Of particular use is the
Atmel/Phillips 89C51 UART, which facilitates communicating with a PC through a
standard serial port. RF technology is commonly used in Time and
Attendance Control.

Power Supply Unit:

Power supply unit is used to provide a constant 5Volts, 1.5Amp supply to
different ICs. This is a standard circuit using external 12V DC adopter and fixed 3-pin
voltage regulator.
LCD Display Unit :
LCD is a flexible controller and can be used with 8bit or 4bit Micro-controller.
Using the data and control lines Micro-controller displays selected item and other
calculated results on its screen.
Micro-controller:
Atmel/Phillips 89C51, 8-bit Micro Controller from MHS-51 Intel family, with 4k bytes
of flash and 128 Bytes of internal RAM. It has a 40-pin configuration and other
components are interfaced to its ports. The entire functionality of the RFID Reader is
under the control of Micro controller. The Micro controller takes input from the external
sources and routes them to the appropriate devices as programmed in it.
 Block Diagram of RFID Reader

LCD 20x4 Display

Power Atmel/Phillips
Sup Micro Controller
ply 89C51

RFID Reader Receiver

CF O/P

RFID TAG
(ID Card)

APPLICATIONS:
 Car immobilizers
 Animal identification
 Access control
 Process control
 Further industrial applications