*RESORT*

– Any place or places with pleasant environment and atmosphere conducive to comfort, healthful relaxation and rest,
offering food, sleeping accomodation and recreational facilities to the public for a fee (definition per DOT Rules on
Accreditation)

ELEMENTS OF A RESORT
1. Recreational facilities that draw guests to the facility

2. Housing and Food & Beverage services that cater to people away from home

3. Activities to occupy guests during their stay

CLASSIFICATION OF RESORTS
ACCORDING TO LOCATION
1. Inland Beach – Plantation Bay

2. Island – Club Noah Isabelle

3. Lakeside – Lake Caliraya

4. Farm – Villa Escudero

5. Orchard – Gap Farming Resort, Davao

6. Mountain – Mt. Data Lodge, Benguet

7. Springs – Ardent Hot Springs, Camiguin

CLASSIFICATION OF RESORTS
ACCORDING TO ACTIVITY OFFERED
1. Diving Resort

2. Fishing Resort

3. Health/Spa

4. Golf Resort

5. Ski Resort
6. Gaming Resort

7. Theme Park

Concentration of tourist facilities and services in specified tourism zones allows for efficient provision of
infrastructure, offers a variety of easily accessible activities and facilities for tourists, encourages integrated
planning and application of development controls, and contain any negative impacts in certain areas. These
tourism zones should be located to be protected and areas more suitable for other types of
development. The tourism zones needed to be integrated with the transportation network that connects the
zones with the gateway to the country or If possible, attractions should be clustered with the secondary
attractions developed near primary ones in order to encourage tourists to stay longer in the area. Planning for tour
routes should apply the principle of not requiring back-tracking, that is, loop tour patterns wherever possible
infrastructure should be multipurpose serving general community needs as well as tourism.

RESORT PLANNING
The modern concept of a resort is that planned as an integrated development with consideration given to its
compatibility with the natural environment and possible benefits to local communities.

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS: Analysis of the economic costs and benefits of a

project to the entire area, region or country. A project may generate overall positive economic benefits by
attracting tourists to the area, but not make a profit in itself.

FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS: The financial rate of return and profitability of a project based
only on its own costs and revenues.

RESORT PLANNING PROCESS

1. First, market and product assessment (referring especially to tourist attractions) is conducted, the resort
development objectives, type and size determined in preliminary form, the site selected, and conceptual
planning and PREFEASIBILITY ANALYSIS carried out. This analysis feeds into more specific
determination of facility and land use requirements and infrastructure needs, the regional
relationships including access to the site and regional integration and the environmental and
carrying capacity analysis and considerations of community relationships.

2. Then the resort and regional/community relationships plan is prepared, with phasing of development and
evaluated environmentally and economically as a basis for deciding on the final plan.

3. A specific environmental and social impact analysis must be conducted of the plan to ensure that the
resort will not result in undue environmentally and economically as a basis for deciding on the final plan.
4. Then a final-economic and financial feasibility analysis is carried out to make certain that the resort will be
economically viable and produce an acceptable financial rate of return. The results of this analysis may also
require modifications to the plan.

5. Finally, the implementation programmed is prepared and construction of the first phase begins. There is a
tendency for successful resorts to eventually be over developed because they have been successful thus leading
to environmental problems and decline of the resort’s popularity. The best approach is to establish a
maximum size for each resort based on environmental and other relevant considerations and, when
one resort in an area is fully developed, to then develop new resorts elsewhere in the area or rehabilitate
declining existing tourism areas.

If there are local communities existing near the resort, community residents or their spokesmen should be
involved in key stages of the resort planning process. Techniques should be devised for nearby residents
to receive direct benefits from the resort including employment, operation of commercial facilities, and
improved community infrastructure and facilities.

Each resort area is unique but some basic principles apply to the planning of most resorts. The concept of LAND
USE ZONING is applicable to resorts. A basic principle is CONSERVATION of specific environmental features
such as beaches, marine areas, ponds, lakes, lagoons, archaeological and historic sites, large trees and group of tree,
unusual geological features and hill tops. Related to this conservation is maintenance of view planes and corridors
so that there are views of important features form the building in the final development. Also important
FUNCTIONAL GROUPING of resort facilities and activities, such as accommodation, commercial and cultural facilities
(often in an integrated and pedestrian oriented resort center), and recreation facilities, in suitable areas.
Accommodation should be well related to the main resort attractions such as beaches but not impinging on them.
Hotels, for example, should be sited well back from the beach so that the natural shoreline appearance is
maintained and erosion is avoided, but within convenient walking distance from the beach.

Resorts should have controlled access and an efficient but not high-speed road network. Emphasis should be on
pedestrians in the resort and, in larger resorts, use of non-polluting vehicles such as small battery operated buses to
provide general transport within the resort grounds. Public access to the resort should be allowed on a controlled
basis including to the main attraction features such as beaches and historic places.

Provision of adequate infrastructure for the resort is essential to prevent environmental problems. Often this
infrastructure can also be developed to serve nearby communities the local benefits from the resort development.
Conservation-oriented infrastructure techniques should be applied, such as treatment and recycling of sewage
effluent for use in landscape irrigation and use of solar energy for water heating and natural ventilation substituting
air conditioning air conditioning. Resorts are typically well landscaped to create an attractive open environment.

One of the regional considerations in resort planning is that, if sufficient housing for the resort employees
is not already available in nearby communities, then housing will need to be developed neat the resort. This
housing should be planned as an integrated community with the full range of community facilities and
services, as well as the housing provided.
 RESORT PLANNING PROCES
Market & Product Assessment of Area

``` Determination of Objectives, Type & Size of Resort,

including General Environmental

Assessment of Area Resort Site Selection

Resort Concept & Prefeasibility Analysis

(with feedback to above steps, project
terminated if determined infeasible
 SIMILARITIES OF HOTEL & RESORT
MANAGEMENT

• Both sell meals and rooms

• Both are labor-intensive

• Both have buildings and grounds which require maintenance and upkeep

• Courtesy and Guest service are of prime importance to both

• Inn keeping laws apply to both

DIFFERENT IN MARKETING OF HOTELS

& RESORTS
1. VISITOR MARKET
• Hotels cater primarily to both business travellers and leisure travellers

• Resorts cater primarily to the vacation and leisure travellers.

2. FACILITIES
• Resort rooms are larger

• More closet space is needed for resorts

• Larger amount of land is required for resorts for recreational facilities

3. LOCATION
• Hotels are located in urban areas

• Resorts are located in rural areas

– Remoteness of the resort has an appeal to the traveller who seeks an environment different from the
urban & sub-urban environment of work and home

– Thus, resorts must be self-contained, that is, it should have generous storage for food, domestic goods,
support services

4. RECREATION
• Unlike hotels, resorts need to invest heavily on land and equipment for recreation
 5. SEASONALITY
• Hotels operate year-round

• Most resorts are seasonal due to location

6. PERSONNEL ATTITUDE
• In a hotel, service is more “business-like.” Guests look at hotel as temporary shelter

In a resort, the guest expects to be pampered and service should convey “Home & Family Hospitality

7. MANAGERIAL KNOWHOW
In addition to knowhow of hotel management concepts, resort managers are expected to have knowledge in
two areas:

The natural resource on which the resort is based

Guest activity programming
Personalized guest relations
8. LABOR SKILLS
Employees should be able to rotate in different jobs

9. CORPORATE/EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITY
• Local communities may highly depend on the resort for its economic future. Hence, the resort should
take on additional responsibility to the community such as employment opportunities

10. EMPLOYEE HOUSING

• Resort needs to provide housing for its employees and in some instances access to schools, churches,
hospitals

11. SOURCES OF REVENUE

• Hotels get most of their income fr. rooms, and F & B

• In addition to rooms and F&B, resorts earn a lot from recreational activities & retail sales

12. RESORTS & TRADITIONS

• Many resorts cater to repeat visitors so traditions are more important

Resorts should develop ways and means to develop traditions which are image-building and memorable such as annual
festivals, theme weekends, sports contests, and parties.
 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN
PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT
FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN RESORT DEVELOPMENT
Resort development involves a difficult trade-off between benefits and unfavorable impacts on the ff. aspects:

1. Economic
2. Social
3. Environmental

A. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN
RESORT DEV’T.
VARIABLES THAT DETERMINE PROFITABILITY
1. CAPACITY
a. The more facilities & guests, the higher the profit
b. However, capacity is limited by Physical limitations and Ecological limitations
2. LENGTH OF THE SEASON
a. Is the season long enough to earn profit?
3. Capital Investment
a. Heavy costs in fixed assets for land, building and recreational facilities
b. Long payback period

B. SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN
RESORT DEV’T.
It is imperative for a resort to develop & maintain good relations with the local community

a. They are the main source of labor

b. They are local customers

c. They provide community services

d. The community’s peace & order and general attitude towards tourism and tourists has great impact
on tourism movement to the resort

e. Resort development would have positive & negative social changes

1. EMPLOYMENT
a. Communities welcome the social benefit of job creation in construction & operations

b. However, it has employment-related social problems:

i. Established industries may be disrupted if they lose good employees who transfer to the resort

ii. Communities may resent hiring of outsiders for better paying positions

iii. For local community members working in the resort, exposure to the “high” lifestyle of resorts
may cause dissatisfaction w/ his lifestyle & develop a false sense of values anchored on material
acquisitions & creature comforts

2. RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
a. Residents may resent and resist resort dev’t. if it they don’t have access & are hindered from leisure
activities they used to enjoy

3. INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS & DEMANDS

a. The resort would compete with local community for use of water, energy, transportation &
communication resources

4. LIFESTYLE CHANGES
a. More wives may take on financial obligations than their husbands, disrupting traditional social norms
b. Residents exposed to tourists’ lifestyles become inclined to spend more specially on imported goods
c. Possible increases in prostitution, drug addiction & other crimes as a result of interaction with tourists
5. CONGESTION
a. Human traffic
b. Vehicular traffic

C. Environmental Considerations in
Resort Dev’t.
1. POLLUTION
a. From fertilizers, pesticides, exhaust fumes, solid wastes & sewage

2. CONSERVATION
a. Resort dev’t. may damage the flora & fauna

3. AESTHETIC IMPACT
a. Resort development may alter the view & beauty of the natural landscape
STEPS TO MINIMIZE ADVERSE SOCIAL &
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

1. CONDUCT A STUDY ON THE SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

2. DEVELOP ACTION PLAN TO MAXIMIZE POSITIVE IMPACTS & LESSEN
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
3. INVOLVE THE LOCAL COMMUNITY IN THE COMMUNITY- BASED
SUSTAINABLE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES
4. PURSUE CONTINUING RESORT-COMMUNITY PROGRAMS
 Educational interchanges & lectures

 Social programs for the community such as medical & dental missions

 Joint environmental programs such as beach and reef clean-up drives

STAGES IN RESORT DEVELOPMENT

1. FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS & PLANNING
• Involves forecasting of demand, market analysis, examination of site characteristics and determination
of financial feasibility

2. CONSTRUCTION
3. OPERATIONS/MANAGEMENT

RESORT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
RESORT ENVIRONMENT
o Give the resort a distinctive image and character that provides a contrast to the tourist’s home
environment

ENVIRONMENTAL ORIENTATION
o Allow tourist appreciation of nature at environmentally sustainable manner
 COMMUNITY ORIENTATION
o Allow tourist interaction with local residents and encourage learning of local culture

RESORT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

MULTI-DISCPLINARY TEAM APPROACH
• Resort marketing analysts

• Land use and site planners

• Economic & Financial feasibility anslysts

• Transportation & other infrastructure engineers

• Hotel architects & resort landscapers

• Environmental specialists

• Sociologists

• Specialists on the activity offered (such as dive instructors for a dive resort)

WATER-BASED RESORTS
ELEMENTS IN SELECTING BEACH SITES
1. ACCESS TO PERMANENT OR TRANSIENT SEASONAL POPULATION
2. ACCESS TO MAJOR ROADS
3. CLIMATE
4. WATER QUALITY
– Monitor bacterial count resulting from swimmers, sewage overflows, and runoffs from city streets to the
waters
 ASPECTS OF BEACH DEVELOPMENT
1. SEA
a) air temperature, b) water temperature,

c) intensity of the wind & sun, d) currents, tides and waves, e) clarity of water, f) pollution,

g) ecology/marine life, h) attractions

2. SEASHORE
– Consists of the surface under the water extending up to a depth of six feet

– A gentle, uniform slope until 6 ft. depth is ideal

– Coarse sand at the bottom is ideal

3. BEACH
– Consider quality of sand, slope and distance from the shore

4. BACK BEACH
– Offers views to both the sea and inland

5. COASTAL STRETCH
– Where service facilities, access roads, parking facilities & bathhouses are located

6. SURROUNDING COUNTRY
– Provides the setting for the attraction

BEACH RESORT PRODUCT LIFE

CYLCLE
EXPLORATION – few adventurous tourists visit; no facilities Involvement - first resorts are developed
DEVELOPMENT - More resorts developed, residents sell land and move to other areas due to increased taxes

CONSOLIDATION – growth levels off; resort season extended Stagnation – capacity is reached
DECLINE –over-commercialization, congestion, less visitors Rejuvenation – measures to arrest decline