Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery.

1
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 2
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Learning Objectives

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 3

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DMAIC
• DMAIC is a structure problem
problem-solving
solving technique
consisting of the following steps:
– Define
– Measure
– Analyze
– Improve
– Control
• DMAIC is i usually
ll associated
i d withi h six
i sigma,
i but
b iti
can be used with any business or process
improvement effort
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 4
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 5
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 6
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Projects
• Essential part of DMAIC
• Breakthrough opportunity
• Financial
i i l systems integration
i i
• Value opportunity of a project must be clear
• Project selection
• Project management

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 7

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 If the improvement goal is 50%, then x = 11 years, and if it’s
75% then x = 5 years.
Must focus on projects that have high impact

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 8

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 2.2 The Define Step

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 9

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 A process map or value stream map may also be
prepared. These should be completed by at least
the end of the Measure step.

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 10

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 The Define Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 11

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 2 3 The Measure Step
2.3
• Purpose is to evaluate and determine the present process
state
• Identify key process input variables (KPIV) and key
process output variables (KPOV)
• Data – from historical records, from sampling, from
observational studies
• Histograms,
Hi box
b plots,
l Pareto
P charts,
h scatter diagrams,
di
stem-and-leaf diagrams may all be useful
• In some businesses, the measurement system must be
developed
• Measurement systems capability may be important

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 12

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 The Measure Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 13

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 2 4 The Analyze Step
2.4
• Determine cause-and-effect relationships
• Sources of variability – common cause versus
assignable cause
• Tools – control charts, hypothesis testing,
confidence
fid intervals,
i l regression
i models,
d l failure
f il
modes and effects analysis
• Discrete event simulation

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 14

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 The Analyze Tollgate

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 15

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 2 5 The Improve Step
2.5
• Process redesign to reduce bottlenecks
• Mistake-proofing
• Statistical
S i i l tools l – particularly
i l l designed
d i d
experiments
• DOX can be applied to either the physical
process or a computer model of the process
• Pilot test the solution to confirm that it will
solve the pproblem
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 16
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 The Improve Tollgate

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 2 6 The Control Step
2.6
• Complete all remaining work on project
• Provide the process owner with a process
control plan
• Training documents (if appropriate) should be
provided
id d
• Methods and metrics for future audits
• Transition plan to the new process might
include a validation step
p
Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 18
Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 The Control Tollgate

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 Chapter Case Studies
• Litigation documents
• Improving on-time delivery
• Improving
i service
i quality
li in
i a bank
b k

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 20

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Learning Objectives

Chapter 2 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 21

Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.