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0 EARTHDRAIN
Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) for this project is based to the Table 4-1 from
MASMA, which is:
Major system : 100 years
Minor system : 5 years (medium density)
Rational method is the most suitable method that can be used to determine the value
of peak flow. Rational Method can provide satisfactory estimates of peak discharge
on small catchments of up to 80 hectares, thus suitable for this project.
y
Q y =C I t A/360 (MASMA, Equation 14.7)
Where,
Qy = ARI peak flow at year of y (m3/s)
c = water surface runoff coefficient
y
It = average ARI rainfall intensity at year y and t(mm/j)
concentration
A = area of watershed (ha)
2/ 3
AR S 1/ 2
o
Q=
n
Where,
A = flow area
R = the ratio of the area to the wetted perimeter
So = the bed channel slope
n = Manning coefficient
F c xL
t c= 1 1
t
v. Concentration time, c A 10
xS 5
where,
t c = the time of concentration (minute)
Fc = a conversion factor, 58.5 when area A is in km2, or 92.5 when area is in ha
L = length of flow path from catchment divide to outlet (km)
A = catchment area (km2 or ha)
S = slope of stream flow path (m/km)
Flow area, A
A = 44.2 hectares
Sub Area, A
A = 45.7/3 = 14.73 hectares
Concentration time,
tc
F c xL
t c= 1 1
10 5
A xS ……. Eq 14.6
Therefore,
92 . 5 x 1. 15
t c= 1 1
10 5
14 . 73 x 6 . 08
= 56.45 minutes
Rainfall Intensity, I
Therefore,
Peak flow, Q = C x I x A /360
= (0.48x 31 x 15.23) / 360
= 0.63 m3/s
Where Q= AV
V = in drain to be 0.63m/s to avoid erosion.
Therefore;
T =2 L
B+2my =2 y √1+m2
B+2 (1.0 ) y=2 y √1+ ( 1.0 )
2
B=0.828 y
Area of the channel, A;
2
A=By +my
When, B=0.828 y
Therefore;
A=By +my 2
=( 0 .828 y ) y + ( 1.0 ) y 2
=1. 828 y 2
Flow rate, Q of a trapezium cross section can be calculated as following equation:
2
3
Q=
AR √ So
n
For peak flow for the channel, Qpeak is 0.63 m3/s, the dimension cross section of the suitable
channel is;
For,
Hydraulic radius, R = y/2
= 0.5y
Longitudinal slope of the channel, So = 1 / 200
Manning‘s rough coefficient, n = 0.02
Therefore:
2
3
Q=
AR √ So
n
2
Qn
AR 3 =
√ So
2
( 1. 828 y ) ( 0 . 5 y ) 3 =0 . 63 0. 02
2 ( )
8
√ 1
200
1 .152 y 3=0. 18
8
y 3 =0 . 16
y=0 . 5 m
B = 0.828y T = B + 2my
= 0.828(0.5) = 0.414 + 2 (1.0) (0.5)
= 0.414 m = 1.4 m
T = 1.4 m ON OF
Freeboard = 0.1 m
H = 0.6 m
y = 0.5 m
B = 0.41 m
TEMPORARY DRAINAGE CROSS-SECTION