Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Editorial board
GM Victor Korchnoi
GM Helmut Pfleger
GM Nigel Short
GM Rudolf Teschner
2011
EDITION OLMS
Adrian Mikhalchishin Oleg Stetsko
2011
EDITION OLMS
The Authors
Adrian Mikhalchishin (born 1954) has an excellent international reputation, above all as a fine chess trainer.
The Ukrainian-born grandmaster worked from 1980 to 1986 with the 12th world champion Anatoly Karpov,
and he has also assisted Zsuzsa Polgar, Maya Chiburdanidze, Vassily Ivanchuk and Arkady Naiditsch. As
chairman of the FIDE Trainers’ Commission, Mikhalchishin can also call on on his wealth of experience as
an active player. He participated in several USSR national championships, 4th place in 1984 in the 51st
championship in his home city of Lvov being his greatest competitive success. He has also taken part in
four Chess Olympiads, three times for his new homeland of Slovenia (2000, 2002 and 2004).
Oleg Stetsko (born 1936) was a professional airforce pilot and a chess player of Soviet master standard,
who played several times in the strong USSR Armed Forces championships. After his retirement in 1984 he
was appointed to the training staff of the USSR national team, which in 1989 he helped to win the second
World Team Championship in Lucerne. Stetsko then worked as a journalist for the prestigious 64 magazine,
of which Anatoly Karpov was the editor-in-chief. In the 1990s together with the well-known grandmaster
Eduard Gufeld he wrote several books, including The Complete Dragon and Winning with the Torre Attack.
All rights reserved. This work is protected by copyright. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic
tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher.
Printed in Germany
Printed on acid-free and ageing-resistant paper
ISBN13: 978-3-283-01020-1
N
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
G. Kacheishvili – M. Carlsen 14 M. Maki Uuro – M. Carlsen 14 M. Carlsen – D. Kedik 15
F. Bindrich – M. Carlsen 15 D. Pavasovic – M. Carlsen 16 E. Rozentalis – M. Carlsen 16
M. Carlsen – L. Aronian 17 A. Onischuk – M. Carlsen 17 C. Pedersen – M. Carlsen 18
M. Carlsen – G. Kamsky 18 M. Carlsen – A. Adly 19 M. Carlsen – A. Naiditsch 19
L. Aronian – M. Carlsen 20
5
K
4 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Tournament and Match Record 274
Index of Carlsen’s Opponents 279
Index of Openings 280
6
N
7
1
Preface
4
8 The swift rise of the young Norwegian Mag- for great achievements. Another impor-
9 nus Carlsen to the top levels of chess has tant factor was the boy’s home situation.
10 literally overturned impressions about the Magnus has a secure basis – a wholesome
11 possibilities of teaching talented children. family, in which his sisters virtually idolise
12 Indeed, to progress at a young age from a him, and the attention and support of rela-
13 run-of-the-mill master to a real contender tives and of society. Already at the age of
14 for the chess crown in just five years is ten he had the help of a trainer, and as his
15 something that only an outstanding tal- prowess developed he also acquired the
16 ent is capable of doing. In the history of support of financial bodies, including the
17 chess only Garry Kasparov has achieved Microsoft company.
18 any similar. In this occurrence there is By present-day junior standards, Mag-
19 much that is surprising: both the fact that nus began a serious study of chess rather
20 such an extraordinary talent appeared in late – at the age of eight. The initial motiva-
21 ‘non-chess’ Norway, and the way itself in tion was a promise by his father to include
22 which this chess mastery was acquired. him, if he played well, in the Norwegian
23 For graduates and successors of the So- under-11 championship. This stimulated
24 viet Chess School, nurtured in a ‘chess’ the boy to study chess for 2–3 hours a
25 foundation established over decades, and day over a period of six months. The rest
26 fostered from childhood in clubs at Pio- was accomplished by his all-consuming
27 neers Palaces and then in chess schools interest in the game. Many point to the
28 run by famous mentors, it is hard to imagine prevalence of computer preparation, even
29 a boy grasping the wisdom of chess virtu- calling Magnus a computer boy. He does
30 ally on his own. not deny his enthusiasm for the computer;
31 This is correct only in the sense that indeed it would be strange not to make
32 Magnus likes to study chess on his own. use of it in the age of universal comput-
33 But there were also attendant circumstanc- erisation. For modern children, using a
34 es: Magnus’s father, Henrik Carlsen, was computer does not present any particular
35 well known in Norway as a chess organiser, problems, and a grasp of the accompa-
36 and it was he who noticed his son’s talent, nying programs comes quite naturally to
37 observing that already at the age of five them. As for purely chess preparation,
38 he had good analytical ability. And, not Carlsen uses the computer as an instru-
39 surprisingly, knowing the precedent of the ment, and he relates sceptically to con-
40 famous Hungarian Judit Polgar, from an tentions that it is emasculating live chess.
41 early age the father began assisting his son The main thing for Magnus is improving
42 to become a chess professional, hoping his mastery and achieving results. Here
8
Preface N
it is appropriate to recall the pithy saying have been countless examples of success- 1
taught, one can only learn it!’ It is unlikely me not just by hearsay, since at a mature 3
that Magnus is familiar with the Patriarch’s age I managed to achieve chess master 4
claim, but he has patiently learned, pro- standard and complete a correspondence 5
ceeding with the help of the computer, course at the Aviation Institute. 6
Another very important factor in his im- marks from his examiners by victories in 9
provement has been the reading of chess very strong tournaments, and he was con- 10
literature. In the words of his father, he tinuing to improve. This is indicated by his 11
literally swallowed all Kasparov’s series attainment of the high point 2800 in the 12
My Great Predecessors and from them he world rating list, which allows him to be 13
books are a kind of academic course on West. Carlsen has made his ‘way to the 15
the classical heritage of chess. And the top’ in chess high society. One of the many 16
fact that he prefers to work on chess on ways available to a talented young person. 17
his own (‘Magnus is very independent We would like to wish that his ‘life at the 18
as regards preparation, I only help him’, top’ does not collapse, as in the novel of 19
testifies his trainer Simen Agdestein), is the same name by the well-known English 20
on fertile ground. In the opinion of one describing the childhood stage of Magnus 24
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
9
1
Computer Era
6
10 When we begin examining the chess phe- was doing his military service at a College
11 nomenon Magnus Carlsen and his way for Top Athletes, where Agdestein ran the
12 to the top, the first thing that comes to chess section. And within a year he made
13 mind is whether we can compare the tal- incredible progress. This is not surprising:
14 ented Norwegian with the brilliant chess Magnus was literally gripped by chess,
15 geniuses of the second half of the 20th playing in all possible tournaments and
16 century, Robert Fischer and Garry Kasp- reading numerous chess books in English.
17 arov. What is it that unites him with these His first book was Find the Plan by Bent
18 great champions? Above all – a brilliant Larsen. At that time Agdestein correctly
19 memory. His first trainer, grandmaster thought that, for lessons with a boy who
20 Simen Agdestein, told me that he gave was at the stage of mastering the basics
21 the young Magnus an opening book to of chess, a computer was not needed.
22 read, and the next day, as if nothing had And only later, when the opening became
23 happened, he performed the new open- an important element of the play in tour-
24 ing to a high standard. True, a striving for naments, Magnus began working with
25 sharp positions immediately on emerging the analytical modules Fritz and Rybka.
26 from the opening, as possessed by the Agdestein worked with Magnus several
27 young Fischer and Kasparov, was not very times a month, spending two or three hours
28 apparent, but already at the age of fifteen on the analysis of a game. In Agdestein’s
29 he was confidently playing complicated opinion, children cannot be forced to study
30 openings such as the Sveshnikov Variation chess. Of course, it is not easy to teach a
31 and the Botvinnik Variation. youngster to play, but if you can arouse his
32 The greatest influence on the develop- individual interest, miracles occur. This is
33 ment of the young talent was undoubt- how it was with Magnus – motivation was
34 edly made by the Norwegian grandmaster the main key to success!
35 Simen Agdestein. This showed itself not Magnus thought that on the way to
36 only in chess, but also in the fact that Mag- higher achievements he should become
37 nus is a good footballer. After all, his trainer Norwegian champion, but in 2004 and
38 played for his country at both chess and 2005 the road was blocked by his expe-
39 football, and he even scored a goal against rienced teacher, and it was only in 2006
40 Italy! They met when Magnus was 10 years that he managed to surpass him. Surpris-
41 old. Initially the boy studied with the Norwe- ingly, Magnus was also unable to win in
42 gian master Torbjørn Ringdal Hansen, who the young age categories of the European
10
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
Championships. But where now are those by move’, so to speak. Although he was 1
who finished ahead of him? In the history still a long way from the best players of this 2
of chess this has also occurred with other type, such as Fischer and Kasparov, he 3
players. For example, up to the age of 16 was nevertheless notable for his sensible 4
the great Garry Kasparov was twice unable and logical play. True, at times his play 5
the first stage of his work with Magnus, automated, which was a consequence of 7
Agdestein set the objective of reaching fascination with computer preparation. Not 8
master level of play and he regarded indi- without reason, Garry Kasparov warned 9
vidual tournaments only as stages towards about the pointlessness of such play. This 10
the achievement of this aim. But already is how he describes the essence of the 11
raise the youngster to a higher level, and ‘Nowadays most young players simply 13
the search for a new trainer began. move the pieces in anticipation of a mis- 14
Contact with Garry Kasparov early in take, like an ice-hockey team knocking 15
2005 was not developed any further. But the puck into the opponent’s zone, hoping 16
a mentor was found on Scandinavian soil. that something will come of this. The pure 17
After contacts at a number of joint tourna- pragmatism of the young shows itself in 18
ments in Scandinavia, the strong Danish many games. Carlsen still needs to raise 19
grandmaster Peter Heine Nielsen began his understanding to match up with his 20
time he had been keeping an eye on the But even so, Magnus did not develop 22
young Norwegian and a year earlier he had like a computer player, although the work 23
commented in the press: the West had with Nielsen, who made active use of the 24
not known such a great talent since the computer, seriously developed the ana- 25
time of Fischer, and at such a young age lytical aspect of his talent, which is often 26
Carlsen was not inferior to either Karpov or called playing computer chess. Is this good 27
Kasparov. At that time Nielsen was actively or bad? Nowadays chess has changed, 28
collaborating with Vishwanathan Anand, and the top players are not inclined to phi- 29
and later, when he was having to work with losophise about the position; they need 30
both of them, he would sometimes enlist quickly and efficiently to find not so much 31
Magnus to prepare Vishy for important the best move, as the optimal decision. 32
events, such as, for example, the match This enables them for a lengthy time to 33
for the world championship with Kramnik maintain the tension on the board and to 34
Working with Nielsen, Carlsen substan- in the solving of constant problems. The 36
tially expanded his opening repertoire, plans for conducting the game in this type 37
which had to be greatly modernised. For of chess are far less concrete than during 38
example, with Black he stopped playing the the times of the great world champions, 39
King’s Indian Defence, which did not suit who adhered to the classical style of play, 40
his style. At that time Magnus was most with the possible exception of Mikhail Tal. 41
successful in tense positions, in play ‘move But these plans are based on the inten- 42
11
K Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era
1 sity level of the position and are solved very fruitful. Magnus possesses a natural
2 exclusively by concrete measures, not by gift for correctly evaluating a position, a
3 general reasoning. very rare quality, one which at a young
4 The well-known trainer Arshak Petro- age has been possessed by many world
5 sian, observing Carlsen’s play at the C champions. In Kasparov’s opinion, in style
6 Tournament in Wijk aan Zee in 2004, was of play the Norwegian youngster is close
7 surprised at how confidently the 13-year- to Karpov, Smyslov and Capablanca. But
8 old boy could ‘serve with either hand’, i.e. since Magnus’s style of play is markedly
9 play both 1. e4 and 1. d4 with equal suc- different from that of Kasparov, his contact
10 cess. At so young an age, such a thing was with the famous champion will undoubt-
11 typical only of Boris Spassky, the most uni- edly expand his chess views. Usually a
12 versal player of the Soviet Chess School, trainer works with his pupil, but it is unlikely
13 who (stretching the point somewhat) can that this is what Kasparov does. His role
14 be regarded as the forerunner of the mod- is rather that of a mentor; there are things
15 ern computer generation. Assessing Mag- he can pass on to his protégé. There is no
16 nus’s play, Arshak Petrosian quite seriously doubt that Carlsen’s opening repertoire will
17 warned his pupil, Peter Leko: ‘Here is your be strengthened – this is a strong compo-
18 future rival, you should observe his play nent of Garry. Especially since as yet the
19 very carefully. He is already quite a strong level of the youngster’s opening repertoire
20 positional player, and he places his pieces does not correspond to his strength of play.
21 correctly – a rare quality for such an age’. At the same time it is important to learn a
22 A new stage in Carlsen’s chess biogra- more productive organisation of the work-
23 phy began quite recently – in the summer ing process, in order to make maximum
24 of 2009, when he began working with Garry use of his natural talent.
25 Kasparov. Their first meeting occurred in In the opinion of Arshak Petrosian,
26 2004 at the festival in Reykjavik, when the working with Kasparov should not so much
27 prodigy’s play impressed Kasparov in their change the young Norwegian’s opening
28 rapid game, which the maestro saved only repertoire, so much as shift his motiva-
29 with great difficulty. A year later Magnus tion to the maximum level. This is the ap-
30 was invited by Kasparov to Moscow for proach of real champions to the play in
31 lessons with the famous trainers Yuri Ra- every game, and the accompanying feeling
32 zuvaev and Alexander Nikitin. But this work of one’s own superiority can be instilled
33 was not continued. Carlsen declined to only by a great champion. This approach
34 follow the program developed by the Rus- to the fight was displayed in October 2009
35 sian trainers, and decided to improve his at the super-tournament in Nanjing. It was
36 chess independently. there that it became apparent what Mag-
37 However, without highly-qualified help nus has in common with the champions
38 it proved beyond Carlsen’s powers to im- – he began to be feared!
39 prove on the ‘star’ level achieved in 2008 I saw Magnus at many Olympiads and
40 (his official rating reached 2776), and the European Championships during his de-
41 assistance of Kasparov proved most op- velopment period. And the first thing that
42 portune. For Garry the field of activity was strikes you (incidentally, this is also the
12
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
Danailov) is the feigned lack of energy, both They became this with the growth in the 2
in external appearance, and in play. All the confidence and power of their play and, 3
champions, apart from Karpov and Pet- let’s make no secret of the fact, an aware- 4
rosian, looked very energetic, sometimes ness of their mission in the chess world. We 5
even frightening. As for Karpov, he had are also observing this phenomenon with 6
enormous internal energy, which he was the increase in the mastery of the young 7
able to transfer to the chess board. The Norwegian, which is reflected in an ability 8
drive of Kasparov and Fischer was felt as to find the best decisions in any position. 9
soon as their opponent arrived at the chess But Carlsen is inseparable from his 10
a game as though imperceptibly, in the player – it is all the same to him what he 12
style of Karpov or Adams, but, in contrast plays, as he looks for the best or optimal 13
to them, he not only does not avoid sharp solution on the basis of his own individual 14
variations, but happily goes in for them. algorithm. Carlsen is not a strategist and 15
very sharp variations, without working out problems. And his play resembles the 18
all their details, which Kasparov always output graph of an atomic power station 19
aimed to do. Yes, there are instances when – constant and high. Although his play 20
he plays superficially, but this is typical of lacks fantastic moves and discoveries, it 21
young players, who do not always under- is staggering in its logic and composure. It 22
stand and sense the dangers associated is as though he has no nerves – the typical 23
Carlsen, he possesses such a feeling, and is not just a question of this? Not without 25
this is very important in high-level play. It reason, at the conclusion of the Nanjing 26
is another matter that his power begins tournament of 2009, the 2nd-placed To- 27
to display itself only from a certain point palov declared: ‘I was the winner among 28
in the game, but here he can already be people, but Carlsen is simply from another 29
irresistible. Again, this is a vivid charac- planet!’ There you have an explanation, 30
teristic, typical of Karpov and to a certain which does not make the Carlsen enigma 31
In recent times Magnus has greatly All these best qualities of the young 33
added to his depth of understanding of Norwegian are what we have tried to pre- 34
chess, he has begun to display an abil- sent in his games. Through the chronol- 35
ity to find minimal and latent chances in ogy of the games we wanted to show the 36
the position and he has clearly become development of the most talented player 37
more forceful in his play. That is, he has from the West, and to compare Magnus 38
mastered the transition to total chess, the at the formation stage with the modern 39
readiness to fight to the end. We are seeing Magnus. Of course, there are many as- 40
the development of a fighter. It should be pects to his play and in the framework of 41
said that, in their youth, neither Fischer nor one book it is impossible to encompass 42
13
K Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era
14
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
56. ¢f4 ¦a1 57. ¦b4 ¦f1+ 58. ¢g4 It is useful to make use of the ‘desperado’ 1
¦e1 59. e4 ¢f6 60. ¦b6+ ¢g7 61. ¢f4 rook to drive the king away from the pawns. 2
the pawns. 4
Anything, except release the attack on the
5
passed pawn! 61…¢h6 or 61…¢f7 would 56. ¢e8 ¦f4! 57. g5+ ¢h5 58. ¦h7+
6
have enabled Black to fight for a draw. ¢g6 59. ¦h6+ ¢g7 60. h5 ¦e4+
7
61. ¢d7 ¦e5 62. ¦g6+ ¢h7 63. ¢d6
62. ¢g5 ¦f3 63. g4 ¦e3 64. ¦×g6+ 8
¦a5 64. ¢c7 ¦e5 65. ¢d7 ¦a5 66. ¢e6
¢f7 65. ¦f6+ ¢e7 66. ¦f4 ¢e6 67. ¢g6 9
¦a6+ 67. ¢f5 ¦×g6
¢e5 68. ¦f8 ¦a3 69. g5 ¢×e4 70. ¢g7 10
XABCDEFGHY 19
4-+-+-+-zP$ 8-+-+-+-+( 24
25
3+-+-+KzP-# 7+-+-+-mk-‘ 26
2-+-+-+-+“ 6-+-+-+-+& 27
1+-+-+-+-! 5+-+-+KzPP% 28
xabcdefghy 4-+-+-tR-+$ 29
3+-+-+-+-# 30
48. g4? 2-+-+-+-+“ 31
First the way for the king should have been 1tr-+-+-+-! 32
33
secured – 48. ¦a4. xabcdefghy 34
48…¦b3+ 49. ¢f4 ¦b4+ 50. ¢f5 ¦b5+ 76. ¦f3 ¦h1 77. ¢g4 ¦g1+ 78. ¦g3 ¦a1 35
52. ¦a7+ ¢h6 53. ¢f5 ¦b5+ 54. ¢f6 ¦×h5 93. ¦a3 ¦h1 94. ¦a7+ ¢f8 41
15
K Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era
9
8-+-+-tr-+(
10
7zp-+-tR-mk-‘
D. Pavasovic – M. Carlsen
11 6-+-+-zpp+&
Wijk aan Zee C 2004
12 5+-zp-+-+-%
13
XABCDEFGHY 4-+-zp-+pzP$
14 8-+-+-+-+( 3zP-+P+P+-#
15 7+-+-+-+-‘ 2-+P+-+K+“
16 6-+-+-+p+& 1+-+-+-+-!
17 5+k+-+-+-% xabcdefghy
18
4-+-+R+-zP$
19
3mKP+-+-tr-# 29…¢h6?
20
21
2-+-+-+-+“ The offer to exchange rooks – 29…¦f7!
22
1+-+-+-+-! 30. ¦×f7+ ¢×f7 31. f×g4 – would have
23 xabcdefghy enabled Black to hold the position. Mag-
24 nus did not work out the elementary pawn
44…¦g2? ending: 31…¢e6!? 32. ¢g3 f5 33. h5 f×g4
25
26 Surely it was obvious that Black should aim 34. h×g6 ¢f6, since in the event of 34. h6?
27 for the exchange of the kingside pawns. ¢f7 35. ¢×g4 ¢g8 it is Black who wins.
28 The simple 44…¢c6! 45. ¢b4 g5 would 30. f×g4 c4 31. ¢f3 c×d3 32. c×d3 ¦c8
29 have enabled him to draw. 33. ¢f4 g5+ 34. h×g5+ f×g5+ 35. ¢e4
30
45. ¦e5+ ¢b6 46. ¦g5 ¦h2 ¦c1 36. ¢×d4 ¦g1 37. ¦e4 ¦a1
31
38. ¢c5 ¦×a3 39. d4 ¢g6
32
The exchange of rooks leads to a lost pawn
33
ending. Things would not have been changed by
34 39…a5 40. d5 ¦c3+ 41. ¢b6 ¦d3 42. ¢c6
35 46…¦h2 47. ¦×g6+ ¢b5 48. ¦g5+ ¢b6 ¦c3+ 43. ¢d7.
36 49. ¦h5 ¦g2 50. ¢a4 ¦f2 51. ¦h6+
¢b7 52. b4 40. d5 ¦c3+ 41. ¢b5 ¢f6 42. d6 ¦d3
37
43. ¢c6 a5 44. d7 ¦c3+ 45. ¢b7 ¦b3+
38
The winning technique is simple and in- 46. ¢c7 ¦c3+ 47. ¢d8 ¢f7 48. ¦e7+
39
structive. ¢f8 49. ¦e5
40
41 52…¦f5 53. h5 ¦e5 54. b5 ¦e1 55. ¦f6 Black resigned. He has no defence against
42 ¦a1+ 56. ¢b4 ¦b1+ 57. ¢c5 ¦c1+ the check on f5 and then ¢e7.
16
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
Tripoli 2004 3
67…¢f7 68. ¦h5 ¢e6 69. ¦h8 ¦c3
XABCDEFGHY 70. ¢f4 ¢f7 (70…¦c2!) 71. ¢g4 ¢g6
4
7+-+-+-+-‘ 6
3+r+-+K+-# noeuvre. 11
15
80. ¢g3 ¢d3 81. ¢f3 ¢c2 82. ¢g3
This position occurred in the first game of 16
¢d1
the tie-break. It is well known that rook end- 17
66. ¢g4?! h3
2-+-+-+-zP“ 31
1+-+r+-+-! 32
ing, it has become more difficult to hold Black should be able to hold such an end- 35
– leads to defeat. 67. ¦a2 f5+ 68. ¢f4 would Such a move is simply inconceivable for a 40
have held the position, intending after grandmaster. An obvious gap in Magnus’s 41
68…¦b8 to play 69. ¦a6+ ¢h5 70. ¢g3 ‘schooling’. 46…¢e7 47. g5 h×g5+ 48. h×g5 42
17
K Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era
7
47…¢f7 48. ¦b7+ ¢g8 49. ¢e4 g×h5 6-+-+-mk-+&
50. g×h5 ¢f8 51. ¦h7 ¦e1+ 52. ¢f5 5tR-+-+-sn-%
8
¢g8 53. ¦d7 ¦f1 54. f4 ¢f8 55. d6 4Pzp-+r+-+$
9
¢e8 56. ¦h7 ¦d1 57. ¢e6
10 3+P+-sNp+-#
11 Black resigned. 2-+P+-mK-zP“
12
1+-+-+-+-!
13
xabcdefghy
14 C. Pedersen – M. Carlsen
15 Gausdal 2005 White is a pawn up with a winning position.
16 XABCDEFGHY All that is required is a certain accuracy.
17
8-+R+-+-+( 41. ¦a6+ ¢e5 42. ¦h6 ¦d4 43. ¤c4+
18
7+-+-+-+-‘ ¢f5 44. h4 ¤f7 45. ¦b6?!
19
20
6-+-+-+-+& 45. ¦×h7? was not possible because of
21
5+-+-+-+-% the loss of the rook after 45…¢g6!, but by
22 4-+-+K+-mk$ playing 45. ¤e3+ ¢e4 (45…¢e5 46. ¦×h7)
23 3+-+-+-+-# 46. ¦e6+ ¤e5 47. ¤c4 White would have
24 2-+-vl-+-+“ won easily.
25
1+-+-+-+-! 45…¦×h4 46. ¦×b4
26
xabcdefghy
27 And here 46. ¢g3! ¦h1 47. ¢×f3 would
28 This is a theoretically drawn endgame, but have led to the win of the f3-pawn.
29 you have to know the defensive procedure.
46…¦h3 47. a5 ¤g5 48. a6??
30
91. ¦c2 ¥b4 92. ¦c4 ¥e7 93. ¢f4 ¢h5
31 This elementary oversight changes the
32 It is correct to head for the corner of the picture. Now White is losing, although
33 opposite colour to the bishop – 93…¢h3. a simple knight manoeuvre – 48. ¤e3+
34 and 49. ¤g4 – would have enabled him
94. ¢f5 ¥d8??
35 to queen his a-pawn in comfort.
36 If chess notation allowed it, this move
48…¤e4+ 49. ¢e3 f2+ 50. ¢e2 ¦c3?
37 would deserve a greater number of ques-
38 tion marks. The simple 94…¢h6 would 50…¦f3! would have won immediately.
39 have enabled Black to draw.
51. ¤d2?
40
95. ¦c8
41 The comedy of errors continues. After
42 Black resigned. 51. ¢f1! White would again have won:
18
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
51…¦f3 52. ¤d6+ ¤×d6 53. a7. By attacking the pawn, Black releases his 1
5
58. ¦a6?
6
become dangerous. 10
8-+-vl-+-tr( 11
7+-+-+-+-‘ 58…¦f8 59. ¤d2 e4+! 60. ¤×e4 ¦f3+
12
6RzPP+k+-+& 61. ¢c2 ¢×e4 62. ¦a8 ¦c3+ 63. ¢d1
13
18
1+-+-+-+-! 64…¦b6 65. ¦c8 d3+ 66. ¢d1 ¥f4 19
xabcdefghy 67. ¦e8+ ¢f3 68. b8£ ¦×b8 20
6p+-+p+-+& 30
55. b7?! 5zP-+-+p+-% 31
34
however, Black succeeds in neutralising 2-+-+LmKP+“ 35
the pawn pair. 1+-tR-+-+-! 36
55…¥c7 56. ¦a8 ¦b8 57. ¢d3 xabcdefghy 37
38
After 57. ¤c5+ ¢d5 58. ¤a6 White loses White’s position is close to winning,
39
his passed pawns: 58…¢×c6! 59. ¤×b8+ but he still has to make a few accurate
40
¢×b7 and the result is a draw. moves.
41
57…¢d5 29.¦cc7?! 42
19
K Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era
1 Material would have been won by 29. ¦×a6 37…¦×g2+ 38. ¦×g2 ¦×b7 39. ¦a2
2 ¤g5 30. ¥c4 ¤e4+ 31. ¢f3 ¤d2+ 32. ¢e2
3 ¦b2 (after the exchange of the minor pieces 39. h6 ¦a7 40. ¦g7 ¦×a5 41. ¦×h7 ¢h5
4 White has a won rook ending) 33. ¥×e6+ also leads to a draw.
5 ¢h8 34. ¦b6.
6
39…¢×h5 40. a6 ¦a7 41. ¢f2 ¢g4
29…¦b2 30. h4?! 42. ¦a4+ ¢g5 43. ¢f3 e5 44. ¦a5 ¢f6
7
8 A pointless move. The king should have 45. ¢g3 ¢e6 46. ¢h4 ¢f6
9 been brought into play: 30. ¢e1 ¦b1+ Draw.
10 31. ¢d2 ¦b2+ 32. ¦c2, retaining winning
11 chances. Now Black succeeds in begin-
12 ning counterplay.
L. Aronian – M. Carlsen
13
30…¢g7! Tal Memorial Tournament
14
Moscow 2006
15 Before the second rook is activated, the
16 king must be moved out of the danger XABCDEFGHY
17 zone. In the event of 30…¦d8 31. ¦×f7 8-+-tR-+-+(
18 ¦dd2 32.¦fd7 a linear mate is threatened, 7+-+-+-mk-‘
19 and Black cannot play 32…¦×e2+ 33. ¢f1 6-+-+K+-+&
20 ¦f2+ 34. ¢e1 ¦fe2+ 35. ¢d1. 5+-+-zP-+-%
21
22
31. ¦×a6 ¦d8 32.¦aa7 ¦dd2 33. ¦×f7+ 4-+-+-+-+$
23
¢g6 34. h5+ 3+-+-+-+-#
24 The consequences of 34. ¢f3 ¦×e2 2-+-+-+-+“
25 35. ¢f4 ¦b4+ 36. ¢e5 ¦×e3+ 37. ¢d6 1+-+-tr-+-!
26 ¦d4+ 38. ¢e7 ¦×h4 are unclear. xabcdefghy
27
34…¢g5 35. ¦g7+ ¢h4! 36. ¢g1?! A theoretically drawn position. Magnus
28
29 In rook endings, king activity is of great knew – and had employed earlier in simi-
30 importance, but it would appear that the lar positions – the method of keeping the
31 black rooks are already fully operational. pawn under fire: 69…¦e2!. Instead of this
32 If 36. ¢f3 there can follow 36…¦×e2 (not he prefers another plan of defence: attack-
33 36…e5? 37. g4! with advantage to White) ing with the rook from the long side, which
34 37. ¢f4 ¦b5! and Black holds the position. proves to be more complicated.
35 The exchange of rooks 37…¦×g2 38. ¦×g2 69…¦a1 70. ¢e7 ¦a5 71. e6 ¦a7+
36 ¦×g2 39. ¢e5 would merely complicate 72. ¦d7 ¦a8 73. ¦d6 ¦a7+?
37 his defence.
38 In the flank attack one must not give up the
36…¦×e2 37.¦ab7? 8th rank. 73…¢g6 was the only defence.
39
20
Magnus Carlsen – Hero of the Computer Era N
It has to be said that Carlsen drew the con- converting the advantage of the two bish- 1
clusions from the deficiencies of his play in ops in a complicated multi-piece endgame. 2
endings, and the consequences of the work Also instructive is the finish to the game 3
he put it soon became apparent. Already with Cheparinov (No. 32), where literally 4
at the Olympiad in Turin (2006) he dem- by nuances Carlsen was able to outplay 5
onstrated endgame play on a grand scale an active rook with his bishop and knight. 6
against Adams (No. 18), where he converted Also impressive were some masterpiec- 7
the advantage of the two bishops. es by Carlsen early in 2008. In Wijk aan Zee 8
The year 2007 proved exceptionally pro- there was a nice finish to his game with El- 9
ductive. There was the impressive conver- janov (No. 33), where he subtly coordinated 10
sion of an extra pawn in an endgame with his rooks and knight. A special place goes 11
rooks and opposite-colour bishops in a to his win over the world champion Kramnik 12
game with Morozevich (No. 21). There was (No. 34) – Magnus was able to construct 13
an admirable depth of ideas in the endings another ‘box’ for the king. At the end of the 14
from the 3rd and 5th games of his Candi- year in Bilbao he added to the textbook 15
dates match with Aronian (Nos. 23 and 24), collection of heavy-piece endings: he was 16
in which with subtle manoeuvres Magnus able to convert an outside passed pawn 17
was able to confine the enemy king in a in a heavy piece endgame with Aronian 18
‘box’. The finish to his game with Onischuk (No. 43). Of the games from 2009 mention 19
(No. 26), where his knights restricted the should be made of his subtle handling of 20
mobility of a rook, also invites inclusion in the endgame against Jakovenko (No. 52), 21
the books. At the World Cup in Khanty- in which Magnus was able to exploit some 22
Mansiysk, in his game with Adams (No. 31) imperceptible errors by the opponent in an 23
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
21
1
2 Chapter 1
3
8 Gifted young players have always drawn the attention of both admirers of the ancient
9 game and of recognised experts. During the active development of chess over the last
10 century and a half, young talents who have gone on to achieve an outstanding level of
11 play can be counted literally in single figures. As for recent times, the record belongs
12 to the Ukraine-born Sergey Karjakin, who became a grandmaster at the age of 12.
13 Such is the trend of the times, the age of technical progress. Universal computerisation
14 has become a kind of accelerator in the development of the new chess generation.
15 Chess databases and modern analytical modules enable young talents to acquire the
16 necessary knowledge far more quickly, and lack of experience in the development of
17 tactical and strategic understanding is compensated by a computer-like calculation
18 of variations. Whereas 30 years ago, according to the picturesque expression of Ti-
19 gran Petrosian, young players emerging into the chess arena were called ‘children of
20 Informator’, now they are called ‘children of the computer’. Therefore rumours about
21 the young Norwegian boy Magnus Carlsen, who displayed outstanding chess talent
22 at an equally early age as Sergey Karjakin, quickly spread around the chess world.
23 But in 2002 it was the Ukrainian youngster who reigned supreme. The height of
24 his fame came at a tournament of the Grand Prix series, held in Moscow, where one
25 of the authors of this book participated in the capacity of arbiter. The spectators who
26 arrived at the Mezhdunarodnaya Hotel were able to observe a curious picture. On an
27 empty stage the last pair were continuing to battle: literally impending over a frail lad
28 with his touching little quiff was a bearded hunk of a man. The experienced Ilya Smirin
29 needed 140 (!) moves to overcome the resistance of the 12-year-old Seryozha Karjakin.
30 This was their second game with the classical time control; in the first the grandmaster
31 had managed to save a hopeless position a rook down by means of perpetual check.
32 At that time Seryozha’s contemporary – Magnus – was still at the start of his career,
33 although at the age of eleven he was able to share 1st–2nd places in the Norwegian
34 Under-18 Championship. However, he did not distinguish himself at the European
35 Under-12 Championship in Spain, where he finished only sixth. But in the world cham-
36 pionship among his contemporaries in Greece, Carlsen displayed his character and
37 shared 1st–2nd places with Ian Nepomniachtchi, who on the tie-break was proclaimed
38 world champion. Junior events at such a tender age do not usually cause much of
39 a stir. This makes the almost improbable episode with Nepomniachtchi all the more
40 curious. The emergence of the 12-year-old world champion made such an impres-
41 sion on one of the major Russian Newspapers Izvestiya, that it decided to sponsor
42 him, overlooking that he was merely the best player among his contemporaries. True,
22
M. Carlsen – H. Harestad N
soon the sponsorship came to nothing, since Ian Nepomniachtchi disappeared into 1
It is possible, therefore, that in post-Soviet chess they learned about the Norwegian 3
prodigy only in 2003, when the magazine 64 – Shakhmatnoe obozrenie reported that in 4
Scandinavia there was a shining new 12-year-old master by the name of Carlsen. First 5
himself in the Politiken Cup tournament in Copenhagen. This was the first prestigious 7
tournament in the world chess calendar in which Carlsen took part. The influential 8
solid prize fund. This attracts strong players, and it is sufficient to recall that among 10
the winners have been such famous names as Smyslov, Korchnoi and Vaganian. The 11
games and finishing only a point behind the winner Krishnan Sasikiran. Starting with 13
mance of 2500 (it should be mentioned that Karjakin already had this official rating). 15
In that period the foundation was laid of the mastery that Magnus demonstrated both 16
20
21
M. Carlsen – H. Harestad
XABCDEFGHY 23
Copenhagen 2003 24
£c7
4P+-+P+-+$ 29
3+-zP-+N+P# 30
Lopez. 32
1tR-vLQtRNmK-! 33
12. ¤bd2 ¤c6 13. d5 ¤d8 14. a4 ¦a7 xabcdefghy 34
allows White to play b2–b4 in a more fa- 16. b4!? c×b4 17. c×b4 ¥d7 18. ¥e3 ¦b7 37
vourable situation. The main continuation 19. a×b5 ¥×b5 20. £d2 is more in the spirit 38
15. ¤f1 g6 White. 40
41
23
K Chapter 1 · From Master to Grandmaster
1 The preparatory 17. g4 should have been hopes involving ¤h6 and transferring his
2 included. own knight to c5.
3
17…¤d7 18. ¤h2 29. ¦f1 ¤c5
4
9
21. ¥d3 ¥d7 22. £d2 6q+-zp-zpp+&
10 XABCDEFGHY 5+psnPzp-+-%
11
8-+-snr+k+( 4-+p+P+N+$
12
7tr-wqlvl-+p‘ 3+-zP-wQ-sNP#
13
6-sn-zp-zpp+& 2-zPL+-zPP+“
14
5+pzpPzp-+-% 1+-vL-+RmK-!
15
4-+-+P+-+$ xabcdefghy
16
30 Black is not tempted by the provoca- Black should have restricted himself to
31 tive 25…h5?!, after which there can the cool-headed exchange 30…¤×h6
32 follow 26. ¤×h5! g×h5 27. ¤h6+ ¤×h6 31. £×h6+ ¢g8, with the intention of
33 28. ¥×h6 ¥f8 29. £×h5 ¥×h6 30. £×h6 switching his bishop to g7.
34 ¦e7 31. ¦e3 ¦g7 32. £×f6, when White
31. f4! e×f4 32. £×f4 ¥×h3?
35 has three pawns for the piece and a con-
36 tinuing attack. Black is tempted by the win of a pawn,
37 underestimating White’s latent attacking
26. ¥c1 ¤a4 27. ¥c2 ¦a8 28. £e3 c4
38 resources. It was better to simplify the
39 Black could have continued his waiting position: 32…¢×h6 33. h4 ¦f8 34. h×g5+
40 strategy – 28…¤b6 29. ¥d3 £a4, but f×g5 35. £h4+ ¢g7 36. ¥×g5 ¦×f1+
41 28…¥×g4!? 29. h×g4 c4 also came into 37. ¤×f1 ¥×g5 38. £×g5, although here
42 consideration, nipping in the bud White’s too White’s chances are preferable. Now,
24
M. Carlsen – H. Harestad N
4
6q+-zp-zppsN&
33. £h4 ¥d7 5
5+psnP+-sn-% 6
4-+p+P+-wQ$ 7
(see next diagram)
3+-zP-+-sN-# 8
2-zPL+-+P+“ 9
34. e5! d×e5 35. ¤h5+! g×h5
1+-vL-+RmK-! 10
12
But Black would also have lost after 36. £×g5+! f×g5 37. ¦f7+ ¢×h6 13
15
16
Carlsen’s successful performance in the Politiken Cup tournament greatly raised his 17
self-esteem, and he was also noticed by the organisers of other tournaments. True, 18
his performances in the ‘compulsary program’ among his contemporaries were not 19
so successful. Competitive fatigue made itself felt. Especially vexing was the set-back 20
against his main rival Sergey Zhigalko and took the lead with 6½ points after the 7th 22
round, it appeared that the question of the champion was decided. But he contrived 23
to lose both his last two games, in which he was winning, and finished only third. 24
scoring 3½ points in the first 4 rounds. But unforeseen circumstances prevented him 26
from becoming champion. As Agdestein, who was accompanying him, described it, the 27
air was literally buzzing with bacteria and Magnus became ill (his temperature reached 28
40 degrees). He nevertheless kept in the leading group until the 9th round, but on this 29
occasion he lost to Zhigalko and had to be satisfied with a share of 9th-13th places 30
(7½ out of 11). These set-backs were not accidental: a child’s organism is still delicate, 31
and since the ‘compulsary program’ for the year was over-generously combined with 32
the ‘free’ one, by the end of the twelve months Magnus was very tired. This is not 33
It is well known that in Norway since long ago they have long shown a great respect 35
for their heroes, and they try to create the best conditions for the disclosure of their tal- 36
ent. Carlsen was no exception. At the age of ten he drew the attention of the Norwegian 37
grandmaster Simen Agdestein, who in 2002 began working with the prodigy. Despite 38
the comparative shortness of their lessons – twice a month spending 2–3 hours on 39
the analysis of games played – their collaboration produced results. In 2003 Carlsen 40
three times achieved the international master norm (the last time at the Politiken Cup 41
tournament) and by the end of the year he had raised his rating to 2450. 42
25
K Chapter 1 · From Master to Grandmaster
1 Game 2 XABCDEFGHY
2 M. Carlsen – S. Zhigalko 8r+-wqk+-tr(
European Under-14 Championship
3
7+-+-snpvlp‘
4 Budva 2003
5 Sicilian Defence [ B33 ]
6p+-zp-+-+&
6
5+p+Pzpp+-%
1. e4 c5 2. ¤f3 ¤c6 3. d4 c×d4 4-+-+-+-+$
7
4. ¤×d4 ¤f6 5. ¤c3 e5
8 3sN-zPL+-+-#
9 Despite its apparently anti-positional na- 2PzP-+-zPPzP“
10 ture, the Chelyabinsk Variation is still alive 1tR-+Q+RmK-!
and has not been refuted. Among the elite
11
xabcdefghy
12 players it is constantly employed, for ex-
13 ample, by Radjabov and Shirov. 15…e4 16. ¥c2 £c8 17. ¦ae1 0–0
14 18. ¥b3
6. ¤db5 d6 7. ¥g5 a6 8. ¤a3 b5
15
9. ¥×f6 XABCDEFGHY
16
26
M. Carlsen – S. Zhigalko N
novelty 18…¦b8!, aimed at creating quick 20. f4 (planning ¤e3 and g2–g4) or even 1
White has the unpleasant reply 19. c×b4 19…¤g6 20. ¤c2 ¤f4 21. £h4 4
¥×b2 20. ¦e3!. 5
13
18…¢h8?! 2PzPN+-zPPzP“ 14
18…¤g6 19. ¤c2 White’s chances are It is strange that Black did not in fact carry 19
preferable (if 19…¤f4 there is a danger- out that for which he was obviously aiming: 20
ous exchange sacrifice: 20. £g5 ¤d3 21…¤d3, after which White would prob- 21
21. ¤e3!). After 18…¦b8 White has time ably have had to give up a rook for the pow- 22
20. a3! after which he can calmly mount would have been sufficient: 22. ¦e3 £d8! 24
an offensive on the opposite side of the 23. £h3 £g5 24. ¦×d3 e×d3 25. £×d3 f4!, 25
with dynamic equilibrium. If 19. £g5 the best 22…¦g8 23. ¥c2! b4 24. g3 ¤d3 32
f4 with excellent play for Black (Fernandez The opponent’s initiative after 24…¤g6!? 34
Romero – Eljanov, Andorra 2003). 25. £h5 b×c3 26. b×c3 (or 26. b3!? f4 35
27
K Chapter 1 · From Master to Grandmaster
5
6p+-zp-+-+& 34. c4! ¢g7
6
5+-+Pvlp+-% If 34…¥×b2 there follows 35. ¦e8+.
7 4-wQ-+-+-+$
35. b3
8 3+-zPpsN-zP-#
9 2PzP-+-zP-zP“ XABCDEFGHY
10
1+-+-tRR+K! 8-tr-+-+-+(
11
xabcdefghy 7+-+-+pmkp‘
12
26 It is not possible to regain the material: 35…a5 36.¦4e3 d2 37.¦1e2 was hopeless
27 27…¦×b2 28. £×d3, or 27…d2 28. ¦b1. for Black.
28
28. £×c8 ¦g×c8 29. ¤d1! ¦c5 30. g×f4 36. ¦g1+ ¢f8 37. ¦g2 ¦a3!
29
30 30. ¦e4! was more accurate: 30…¦×d5 (or The two players are as though competing
31 30…f×g3 31. f×g3 with the same idea of in inventiveness. Zhigalko persistently tries
32 soon surrounding the d3-pawn) 31. g×f4. to break through the obstructive barriers,
33 skilfully erected by Carlsen in the path of
30…¥×f4 31. ¦e4 ¥e5 32. f4 ¥g7!
34 the black pieces.
35 Better than 32…¥f6.
38. ¦e3 ¦e8
36
33. ¦fe1
37 If 38…a5, then 39. ¦×d3 a4 40. ¦dg3 ¢e7
38 Or 33. ¦f3 ¦×d5 34. ¦ee3 ¥h6!. 41. b×a4 ¦×a4 42. ¦b3!, and White should
39 gradually convert his two extra pawns.
33…¥f6
40
39. ¦d2!
41 33…h5 was possible, although after
42 34. ¢g2 ¦×d5 35. ¢f3 White would have An accurate move, enabling the knight to be
28
M. Carlsen – S. Zhigalko N
8
41…¥c5 42. ¦×d3 4-+P+KzP-+$ 9
42…¦×a2 43. ¦h3
xabcdefghy 13
14
52. d6!
XABCDEFGHY 15
17
7+-+-+p+p‘ have delayed the win, although probably
18
6p+-zp-+-+& would not have thrown it away.
19
5+-vlP+N+-% 52…a4 53. ¢d5 ¥b4 20
4-+P+-zP-+$ 21
25
xabcdefghy
Of course, there was no point in playing 26
Black should have played 43…¦f2! is bad at combatting a passed rook’s pawn. 28
30
44…¢g8 45. ¦h3 ¦×f4 46. ¤e7+ ¢g7 56…¢d8 57. ¤e7 h5 58. f5 h4 59. h3 f6 31
(46…¢f8 47. ¤c6) 47. ¢g2 (or 47. ¤c6), 60. ¤d5 a3 61. ¢b3 32
and although with best play White should
33
win, he would have to overcome technical Black resigned.
34
difficulties.
35
44…¦a1+ 45. ¢g2 ¦a2+ 46. ¢f3 ¦a3 makes fewer mistakes in them than his 41
29
Schach
„Ich habe schon früh angefangen, die besten Schachzüge
aller Top-Spieler in mein Spiel aufzunehmen.“ Magnus Carlsen
Adrian Michaltschischin
und Oleg Stetsko mittlerweile fest in der Weltelite etabliert, stellte der
norweger magnus Carlsen in seiner schachkarriere einen
kÄMPFeN uND SiegeN
Mit MagNuS carlSeN rekord nach dem anderen auf. im Alter von nur dreizehn
seine besten schachpartien kommentiert Jahren wurde er Großmeister und 2010 avancierte er zur
von Adrian michaltschischin and Oleg jüngsten nr. 1 der Welt aller Zeiten.
stetsko. Deutsche übersetzung von Dirk
Poldauf. 312 seiten mit zahlreichen Dia-
grammen.
Dieses Buch präsentiert detaillierte Kommentare zu
64 der besten Partien Carlsens sowie eine Beschreibung
isBn 978-3-283-01021-8 seiner Karriere. Untersucht werden auch die Defizite, an
€ (D) 24,95/€ (A) 25,70 / sFr. 35.90 denen er als junger spieler litt und wie er diese auf dem
£ 19,99/$ 29,95 Weg in die Weltspitze überwand.
Lieferbar!
Adrian Mikhalchishin
and Oleg Stetsko now firmly established among the world’s elite, the
norwegian magnus Carlsen has been setting records ever
FightiNg cheSS
With MagNuS carlSeN since he embarked on his chess career. He became a grand-
His Best Games annotated by Adrian master at the age of just 13, and in 2010 he became the
mikhalchishin and Oleg stetsko. youngest player to be ranked no.1 in the world.
translated and edited by Ken neat.
280 pp with many diagrams.
isBn 978-3-283-01020-1
this book presents detailed annotations to 64 of
Carlsen’s best games, together with a description of his
€ (D) 24,95 / € (A) 25,70 / sFr. 35.90 career. Also examined are the deficiencies from which he
£ 19,99/$ 29,95 suffered as a young player, and how he overcame these on
his way to the top.
Available!