Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Serial number: 4005019

6.5 Troubleshooting

6.5.1 Electrical malfunction

Electrical malfunction. Observations made

The power supply tripped while switching on the transformer.
Abnormal high noise after several hours of service.
Overheating at no load
Overheating at normal load
Unequal or unstable voltages on phases at equal load on all phases.
Trip by internal transformer fault (Buchholz, Pressure relay, Load tap changer,…)
Trip by external protection relays during normal service (Time current, ground fault, etc.)
Possible cause of malfunction Rectification measures
X Supply voltage is too high, leading to Do not exceed 105% of the ref. voltage;
excessive inrush current / core loss. reset the tap changer in the right position.
X X Wrong protection relay setting. (inrush Check and reset protection relays.
current, etc.)
X X Circulation current between parallel Check all parallel operation conditions; set
transformers. tap changers for the same voltage ratio.
X Loose parts on the core/windings; Switch off; consult the manufacturer.
possibly caused by transport damage.
X Cooling system is insufficient. Check that valves of all coolers are in the
right working position. Check air, oil and
water supply. Check fan / oil pump
operation.
Note:
At OFAF cooling, oil pumps always have to
be in operation (even at no load)
X X Overloading. Reduce load.
Fault on the thermometer. Check the thermometer.
Ambient temperature is too high. Check for faults in the secondary network.
X X Heavy peek loads, start currents etc. Check for change of the load.
Bad contacts on internal or external Consult the manufacturer for further actions.
connections. Internal transformer or tap
changer fault.
X Malfunction of the measuring instrument. Check the measuring instrument.
Internal transformer fault. Switch off; consult the manufacturer.
X Fault or short-circuit in the secondary Check the secondary network.
network. Repeat all checks and tests as if it were the
Internal transformer fault. first energization. Consult the manufacturer.
Table 17 Electrical malfunction troubleshooting chart

118
Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions
Serial Number: 4005019

6.5.2 Mechanical malfunction or malfunction of accessories

Observations made
Oil level is not correct.
Alarm on Buchholz, gas relay.
Alarm on temperature devices.
Fans or oil pumps do not work.
Insulation resistance is too low.
Power factor is too low.
Visual oil leaks.
Possible cause of malfunction Rectification measures
X Level indicator is defective. Repair or replace level indicator.
Low oil level due to oil leak(s). Locate oil leak(s); repair leak(s).
Replace leaking device or gasket(s).
X Insufficient air venting during erection. Gas analysis is recommended.
Fault gas production. Consult manufacturer for further actions.
X The ambient temperature is too high. Reduce load.
Overloading.
Malfunction of the temperature devices. Check / replace temperature device.
Malfunction of the cooling system.
X Defect on temperature detecting system. Check detecting system.
Devices are defective. Replace defective devices.
X Contamination on bushings, etc. Clean-up external bushings, terminals,…
Penetration of humidity in the insulation Consult the manufacturer.
system.
X Degradation of the insulation system. Clean-up external bushings, terminals,…
Consult the manufacturer.
X Defective gaskets. Tighten bolts.
Replace gaskets.
Table 18 Mechanical malfunction troubleshooting chart

119