APPENDICES

Given Values:

thickness  0.0015

ID  0.650 m od  0.020 m Ti  90 °C

BS  0.300 m Nt  250 per pass To  50 °C

kg
p  0.025 m W  20 ti  15 °C
s
kg kg nt  2
w1  30 w2  20
s s
id  od  2 thickness  0.017 m

1. Heat balance:

to  50 Initial guess

Given

 
W Ti  To = w1 to  ti  
 
to  Find to  41.667 °C (Temperature of tube side outlet stream)

2. Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD):

ΔT 1  Ti  ti  75 °C ΔT 2  To  to  8.333 °C

ΔT 2  ΔT 1
LMTD   30.341 °C
 ΔT 2 
ln  
ΔT 1
 
Ti  To to  ti
R   1.5 P   0.356 F  0.91
to  ti Ti  ti

ΔT  LMTD F  27.611 °C

3. Average Temperatures:

Ti  To ti  to
Tav   70 tav   28.333
2 2
 Shell side calculatoins

Flow properties evaluated at the film temperature, 343.15 K

Prs  2.55

J 6 s
Cp  4189.5 μs  404.5 10 N
kg K m
2
kg W
ρs  978 ks  0.662
m
3 m K

Area for cross flow:

ID 2 W kg
Sc  ( p  od)  BS  0.039 m Gc   512.821
p Sc 2
s m

Area for baffle window:

 π ID   Nt π od 
2 2
2 W kg
Sb   0.1955     0.045 m Gb   442.107
 4   4 4  Sb s m
2

Reynold's Number:
Mass velocity:

kg od Ge

Ge  Gc Gb  0.5
 476.153
2
Res 
μs
 2.354  10
4

s m

Donohue Eqn:

Viscocity at the wall μw will be evaluated at the average temperature of the tube side fluid tav

 6 N s
tav  273.15  301.483 μt  855 10 hs  50 Initial Guess
2
m
 0.14 0.6 0.33
 μs  hs od  od Ge   Cp μs 
Given (Donohue Eqn)    = 0.2    
ks
 μs   μs
  ks 

Shell side convection coeffecient:

W
 
hs  Find hs  3.79  10
3
2
m K
 Tube side calculatoins

Flow properties evaluated at the film temperature, 301 K

J 4 s
cp  4179.5 μt  8.55  10 N Prt  5.83
kg K m
2
kg W
ρt  997 kt  0.613
m
3 m K

Flow area: Flow area per pass:

π id
2
4 2
Nt at 2
at   2.27  10 m At   0.028 m
4 nt

Average velocity: Reynold's Number:

w2 m ρt v id 4
v   0.707 Ret   1.402  10
At ρt s μt

Gnielinski Eqn:
ε  0.05
1.1098 0.8981
A  
ε   
7.149 
   1.173
 id 2.5497   Ret 
2
f   4 log   log ( A) 
ε 5.0452
  6.193
  id 3.7065 Ret

4
ReD  Ret  1000  1.302  10
f  ReD Prt 3
NuD   4.565  10
2 1  12.7 ( 0.5 f )   Prt  1
0.5 0.67
  

Tube side convection coefficient:

NuD kt W
5
hi   1.646  10 2
id m K
Overall Convection Coefficient:
id 5 W
hio  hi  1.399  10
od 2
m K
hio hs W
3
Uc   3.69  10 2
hio  hs m K

Length of tubes per pass

6 J

Q  W Cp Ti  To  3.352  10  s
Q
Lt   2.094 m
Uc π od Nt ΔT

Pressure Drop in the tube side:

4 f  Lt nt v
2
6
ΔP t   ρt  1.521  10 Pa
id 2

Power required to pump the cold flow:

Doing Mechanical Energy Balance and neglecting height difference, we get:

ΔPt 3
Wp   1.525  10 J
ρt
 Nomenclature

ID : Inside diameter of the shell in meters

BS : Baffle spacing in meters

p : tube pitch in meters

w1 : Mass flow rate of the cooling water in kg/s

id : Inside diameter of the tubes in meters

od : Outside diameter of the tubes in meters

Nt : Number of the tubes

W : Mass flow rate of the reactoin effluent to be cooled in kg/s

Ti : Temperature of the inlet stream in the shell side

To : Temperature of the outlet stream in the shell side

ti : Temperature of the inlet stream in the tube side

to : Temperature of the outlet stream in the tube side

nt : Number of the tube passes

F : Correction factor for the LMTD method

R P : Parameters for reading the F factor chart

Tav : Film temperature in the shell side of the HX

tav : Film temperature of the tube side of the HX

Prs : Prandtl number of the shell side flow

Prt : Prandtl number of the tube side flow

μs : Kinemetic viscosity of the shell side flow

μt : Kinemetic viscosity of the tube side flow

ks : Thermal conductivity of the shell side flow

kt : Thermal conductivity of the tube side flow

Sc : Area for cross flow in the shell side

Sb : Area for the baffle window in the shell side

Gc : Mass velocity of the cross flow

Gb : Mass velocity in the baffle window flow

Ge : Overall mass velocity of the shell side flow

Res: Reynold's number of the shell side flow

Ret: Ryenold's number of the tube side flow

hs : Convection coefficient of the shell side flow

cp : Heat capacity evaluated at the tube average temperature

Cp : Heat capacity evaluated at the shell average temperature

ρs : Density of the shell side flow

ρt : Density of the tube side flow

at : Area of flow in one tube

At : Area of flow in one pass

v : Average velocity in the tube side flow

ε : Estimated mechanical roughness in the pipe

f : Friction factor

NuD: Nusselt number in the shell side flow

hi : Convection coefficient in the tube side of flow

Uc : Overall calculated convection coefficient

Q : Rate of heat transfer in steady state

Lt : Length of tubes per pass

ΔP t : Pressure drop in the tube side of flow