Cement

Mineral constituents of cement

 Tri-calcium silicate 3CaO.SiO 2 50%
 Di-calcium silicate 2CaO.SiO 2 25%
 Tri-calcium aluminate 3CaO.Al 2 O 3 10%
 Tetra-calcium aluminoferrite 4CaO.Al 2 O 3 .Fe 2 O 3 10%
 Calcium sulfate CaSo 4 3%
 Others compound --------- 2%
Total = 100%
Chemical constituents of cement
 Lime CaO 63%
 Silica SiO 2 22%
 Alumina Al 2 O 3 7%
 Iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 3%
 Magnesium oxide MgO 2%
 Sulphur tri-oxide SO 3 2%
 Potassium and Sodium oxide K 2 O & Na 2 O 0.3%
 Alkalis matter ----------- 0.7%
Total = 100 %
Setting time of cement:
Type of cement Minimum time Maximum time
OPC and RHC 30 minutes 10 hours
Low Heat Portland Cement 60 minutes 10 hours
Aluminous Cement 2 hours 2 hours

Various types of mortar

 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 + 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ℎ𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊

িজপসাম ? িসেম� ৈতিরেত িজপসােমর ভূিমকা িক?

উৎতর: 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑂𝑂4 . 2𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂 সংেকত িবিশ� রাসায়িনক েযৗগেক িজপসাম বেল। িজপসাম িসেমে�র জমাট বাধার সময় িনয়�ণ কের। িসেম�র
Setting action slow করার মাধয্েম Final setting time বৃ ি� কের।
Initial setting time of cement:
a) The setting time of cement paste is determined by the Vicat apparatus. For the test a
square 1 mm needle is used.
b) The needle is allowed to sink into the cement paste.
c) Time elapsed after mixing water is recorded until the paste lost its plasticity and needle
penetrates into the paste for a depth of 35 mm from the top.
d) This recorded time is the initial setting time for the paste.
A standard result is tabulated bellow according to ASTM C-150:
Type of cement Minimum time
OPC and RHC 30 minutes
Low Heat Portland Cement 60 minutes
Aluminous Cement 2 hours
Final setting time of cement:
a) Final setting time is determined by 1 mm diameter needle fitted with a metal
attachment hollowed so as to leave a circular cutting edge 5 mm in diameter and set 0.5
mm behind the tip of the needle.
b) The needle gently lowered to the surface of the paste.
c) The time is reckoned from the moment when water is added to cement until the circular
cutting edge failed to make an impression on the surface.
Standard results are tabulated according to ASTM C-150:
Type of cement Maximum time
OPC,RHC,LHPC 10 hours
Aluminous cement 2 hours
Uses of various types cement
 Color cement : Mosaic and beautification work
 High early strength cement : When hardening is required in short time
 Aluminous cement : When 75% strength is required in 24 hours
 Clay cement : For marine construction (সামু ি�ক)
 Air entraining cement : To work at ice place
 Pazzoleanic cement : Fire resisting work
Laboratory test of cement
 Test for fineness
 Test for soundness
 Test for chemical composition
 Test for setting time
• Initial setting time
• Final setting time
 Test for strength
• Tensile strength
• Compressive strength