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LUFKIN ISD
OVERVIEW
In the Spring of 1994, the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, in conjunction with
the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas A&M University, administered a survey to
students in grades 8, 10, and 12 in the Lufkin Independent School District (LISD). A total of
1280 students completed the questionnaire, which asked about students' experiences with
alcohol and drugs. Of that number, 56 surveys were excluded from analysis because students
did not indicate their grade or age, or because they were identified as exaggerators (i.e., claimed
to have used a non-existent drug or reported overly excessive drug use). The final number of
surveys included in the overall district analysis was 1224.1
•Forty-eight* percent of Lufkin ISD students reported using tobacco at least once during
their lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 20* percent said they had used tobacco during the
past month (Fig. 2).2
•Seven percent of LISD students said they smoke cigarettes on a daily basis, while 2
percent reported using a smokeless tobacco product on a daily basis.
• Seventy-one* percent of Lufkin ISD students said they had used alcohol at least
once during their lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 38* percent reported using alcohol
during the past month (Fig. 2).
•Seven* percent of LISD students reported attending at least one class during the past
year while "drunk," and 18 percent of district 10th and 12th grade students said
1 The percentages referred to in the executive summary were taken from the tables found in "Part I: District
Survey Results." Due to the differences in rounding procedures, there may be slight discrepancies between the
percentages referred to in the tables and those reflected in the executive summary and in the corresponding
figures. Figures referenced throughout this report are included in "Part III: Executive Summary."
2 Data in this report marked with an asterisk are estimated to be statistically significant at the .01 level from
the comparable data for the state as a whole. This means that in only one of a hundred samples would a
difference this large have occurred when there was no difference between the district and state data. Differences
in very small districts will seldom be statistically significant due to the small number of cases. Differences that
are not marked may be important, but should be treated with more caution than those that are statistically
significant.
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they had driven a car at least once during the past year after having "a good bit
to drink."
•Lifetime use of inhalants was reported by 13* percent of district students (Fig. 1),
while past-month inhalant use was reported by 2* percent (Fig. 2).
•Sixteen* percent of LISD students reported using marijuana at least once during their
lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 6* percent said they had used marijuana during the past
month (Fig. 2).
•Lufkin ISD students are most likely to turn to friends for help with a drug or alcohol
problem (75 percent) and least likely to consult another adult in school, such as a
teacher or nurse (34 percent) (Fig. 17).
Tobacco
Over the last two years, the general use of tobacco (including cigarettes and smokeless
products) among students statewide has stayed much the same. Overall, the general use of
tobacco products among Lufkin ISD students is lower than that reported by their counterparts
statewide.
Forty-eight* percent of Lufkin students reported general tobacco use at least once during their
lifetimes, compared to 57 percent of students statewide (Fig. 1). Lifetime tobacco use was
reported by 40* percent of district 8th graders (52 percent statewide) and 46* percent of LISD
10th graders (60 percent statewide), rates lower than those reported by students statewide.
Sixty percent of district 12th grade students said they had used a tobacco product at least once
during their lifetimes (63 percent statewide).
Twenty* percent of Lufkin ISD students said they had used a tobacco product during the past
month (26 percent statewide) (Fig. 2). Current general tobacco use was reported by 16* percent
of LISD 8th grade students (23 percent statewide) and 22* percent of district 10th grade
students (27 percent statewide). Twenty-five percent of LISD 12th graders said they had used a
tobacco product during the past month (31 percent statewide).
Forty-three* percent of Lufkin students reported smoking cigarettes at least once during their
lifetimes (55 percent statewide), and 18* percent said they had smoked cigarettes during the
past month (24 percent statewide), rates lower than those reported by students. Smoking
cigarettes on a daily basis was reported by 7 percent of district students (8 percent statewide).
The highest rate of daily cigarette use was reported by LISD 12th graders (10 percent/12
percent statewide). Fourteen* percent of Lufkin ISD students said most or all of their close
friends smoke cigarettes (21 percent statewide).
Lifetime use of smokeless tobacco products was reported by 18 percent of LISD students (19
percent statewide), while 6 percent said they had used a smokeless tobacco product during the
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past month (6 percent statewide). Using a smokeless tobacco product on a daily basis was
reported by 2 percent of district students (2 percent statewide), while 5 percent said most or all
of their close friends use smokeless tobacco (6 percent statewide).
Alcohol
Alcohol is the most widely used substance among students statewide and in the Lufkin ISD.
Alcohol use among secondary students statewide was similar to that reported two years ago.
Overall, Lufkin ISD students are drinking alcohol at rates lower than those reported by their
peers statewide.
Seventy-one* percent of Lufkin students reported consuming alcohol at least once during their
lifetimes (78 percent statewide) (Fig. 1). Lifetime alcohol use was reported by 60* percent of
LISD 8th graders (69 percent statewide) and 70* percent of district 10th graders (81 percent
statewide), rates lower than those reported by students statewide. Eighty-five percent of LISD
12th grade students said they had consumed alcohol at least once during their lifetimes (86
percent statewide) (Fig. 3).
Thirty-eight* percent of Lufkin ISD students said they had consumed alcohol during the past
month (42 percent statewide) (Fig. 2). Current alcohol use was reported by 24* percent of
district 8th grade students (34 percent statewide) and 39 percent of LISD 10th grade students
(45 percent statewide). Fifty-six percent of district 12th graders said they had consumed
alcohol during the past month (52 percent statewide) (Fig. 4).
The alcoholic beverages most often consumed by Lufkin students are beer (56* percent/63
percent statewide) and wine coolers (57* percent/64 percent statewide). Thirty-four* percent of
LISD students said they drink beer on a weekly or monthly basis (40 percent statewide), and
28* percent said they drink wine coolers weekly or monthly (36 percent statewide), rates lower
than those reported by students.
"Binge drinking" is the consumption of five or more beers, wine coolers, servings of wine, or
drinks with liquor at one time. Thirty-three* percent of Lufkin ISD students reported "binge
drinking" beer at least once during the past year (42 percent statewide), while 18* percent said
they usually drink five or more beers at a time on average when they drink (22 percent
statewide). Past year "binge drinking" of wine coolers was reported by 36* percent of LISD
students (43 percent statewide), while 15* percent said they usually drink five or more wine
coolers at a time on average when they drink (20 percent statewide).
Seven* percent of Lufkin students reported attending at least one class during the past school
year while "drunk" (10 percent statewide). Class attendance while "drunk" was reported by 6*
percent of LISD 8th graders (10 percent statewide), 4* percent of LISD 10th graders (11
percent statewide), and 10 percent district 12th graders (10 percent statewide) (Figs. 9a and 9b).
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Eighteen percent of LISD 10th and 12th grade students said that they had driven a car after
having "a good bit to drink" at least once during the past year (18 percent statewide). Driving
while intoxicated was reported by 9 percent of district 10th grade students (11 percent
statewide) and 28 percent of Lufkin 12th grade students (25 percent statewide). Driving while
intoxicated four or more times during the past year was reported by 3 percent of district 10th
and 12th graders (5 percent statewide) (Fig. 11).
Students were asked about the availability of alcohol, its use among friends, and its use at
parties. Seventy-six* percent of Lufkin ISD students said beer, wine, wine coolers, or liquor
were somewhat easy to obtain (80 percent statewide). Thirty-four* percent of district students
reported most or all of their close friends drink alcohol (44 percent statewide), and 38* percent
responded "from friends" when asked where they obtained alcohol most of the time or always
(44 percent statewide). "Difficulties of any kind" with friends because of one's own drinking
was reported by 10 percent of LISD students (10 percent statewide).
Thirty-five* percent of Lufkin students said alcohol was used at most or all of the parties they
attended in the past school year (44 percent statewide). Alcohol use at most or all parties was
reported by 14* percent of Lufkin 8th graders (24 percent statewide), 37* percent of district
10th graders (52 percent statewide), and 62 percent of LISD 12th graders (62 percent statewide)
(Fig. 12). Thirty-five* percent of district students responded "at parties" when asked where
they obtained alcohol most of the time or always (47 percent statewide), while 18* percent of
LISD students said they get alcohol "from the store" most of the time or always (23 percent
statewide).
Students were asked how many days during the school year they were absent from class due to
an illness or for some other reason, and how many days they had gotten into trouble because of
conduct or attitude problems. Fewer LISD students who had not been absent since the Fall
reported having used alcohol during the past month (23 percent/29 percent statewide) than did
district students who said they had missed four or more days of school (47 percent/50 percent
statewide). Seventy* percent of the district students who had experienced difficulties with
school officials on four or more days reported using alcohol during the past 30 days (66 percent
statewide). By contrast, only 26* percent of district students who had not experienced
difficulties with school officials because of conduct problems had used alcohol within the past
30 days (29 percent statewide).
Parental attitudes can be a major factor in whether or not a student uses alcohol or drugs. When
asked how their parents feel about kids their age drinking beer, 77 percent of Lufkin students
said their parents strongly or mildly disapprove (76 percent statewide). Seven percent of
district students said they "don't know" how their parents feel about kids their age drinking beer
(9 percent statewide), and 11 percent said their parents neither approve nor disapprove (12
percent statewide) (Fig. 15).
Inhalants3
3 Lifetime and current inhalant use figures have been adjusted to reflect reported use of both specific inhalants
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In general, inhalants are common, licit substances (paints, thinners, correction fluid, glue, etc.)
which, when sniffed, huffed, or inhaled, produce an intoxicating effect. Over the last two years,
use of inhalants among students statewide decreased somewhat. Overall, Lufkin ISD students
are using inhalants at rates somewhat lower than those reported by their counterparts statewide.
Thirteen* percent of Lufkin students reported using inhalants at least once during their lifetimes
(19 percent statewide) (Fig. 1). Lifetime inhalant use was reported by 16* percent of district
8th graders (24 percent statewide) and 14 percent of LISD 10th graders (17 percent statewide).
Eight* percent of district 12th grade students said they had used inhalants at least once during
their lifetimes (15 percent statewide) (Figs. 5a and 5b).
Two* percent of Lufkin ISD students said they had used inhalants during the past month (5
percent statewide) (Fig. 2). Current inhalant use was reported by 4* percent of district 8th
grade students (8 percent statewide) and 3 percent of LISD 10th grade students (4 percent
statewide). None of the district 12th graders said they had used inhalants during the past month
(2 percent statewide) (Figs. 6a and 6b).
One* percent of LISD students reported most or all of their close friends use inhalants (3
percent statewide), and 2 percent said they had attended at least one class during the past school
year while "high" on inhalants (3 percent statewide). Seven* percent of LISD students said
they had used two or more different kinds of inhalant substances during their lifetimes (12
percent statewide).
The inhalant substance most frequently used by Lufkin students was correction fluid/Liquid
Paper (6* percent/10 percent statewide). Five percent of LISD reported inhaling gasoline (6
percent statewide), 5* percent reported inhaling substances in the "other inhalants" category (8
percent statewide), 4 percent said they had inhaled glue (6 percent statewide), and 4* percent
said they had inhaled liquid/spray paint (7 percent statewide) at least once during their lifetimes
(Fig. 7).
Illicit Drugs
Illicit drugs are defined as controlled substances and include marijuana, cocaine (powdered
form and crack), uppers (stimulants), downers (narcotics), hallucinogens, and ecstasy. Over the
last two years, the use of illicit drugs among students statewide has increased. The use of
marijuana, the most frequently used illicit substance, has also increased among students
statewide over the last two years.
In the Lufkin ISD, 18* percent of students reported use of illicit drugs at least once during their
lifetimes (30 percent statewide), while 10* percent of LISD students said they had used one or
more illicit substances three or more times (21 percent statewide), rates lower than those
and inhalant use generally. Some students responded positive to specific use without responding positive to
generic use. Some students responded positive to generic use but not to specific inhalants.
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reported by students statewide. Statewide, students who said they had used illicit drugs reported
using them an average of 1.6 times in the past 30 days and 4.7 times during their lives. Lufkin
students reported average usage rates of 0.6 times in the past month and 2.1 times during their
lifetimes.
Sixteen* percent of LISD students reported using marijuana at least once in their lifetimes,
compared to 28 percent of their peers statewide (Fig. 1). Lifetime marijuana use was reported
by 11* percent of Lufkin 8th grade students (21 percent statewide) and 13* percent of district
10th grade students (30 percent statewide), rates lower than those reported by students
statewide. Twenty-seven percent of LISD 12th graders said they had used marijuana at least
once during their lifetimes (34 percent statewide) (Figs. 5a and 5b).
Past-month marijuana use was reported by 6* percent of Lufkin ISD students (13 percent
statewide) (Fig. 2). Current marijuana use was reported by 4* percent of district 8th graders (11
percent statewide) and 6* percent of LISD 10th graders (14 percent statewide). Nine* percent
of district 12th grade students said they had used marijuana during the past month (14 percent
statewide) (Figs. 6a and 6b).
Four* percent of LISD students reported attending at least one class in the past year while
"stoned" on marijuana (10 percent statewide) (Fig. 10). Driving under the influence of drugs at
least once during the past year was reported by 7* percent of Lufkin ISD 10th and 12th grade
students (9 percent statewide). Five percent of district 10th graders (7 percent statewide) and 9
percent of LISD 12th graders said they had driven a car while under the influence of drugs
during the past year (12 percent statewide).
Forty-six* percent of LISD students said marijuana was somewhat or very easy to obtain (52
percent statewide), and 6* percent reported most or all of their close friends use marijuana (17
percent statewide). Four percent of district students said they had gotten into "difficulties of
any kind" with their friends because of their own drug use (5 percent statewide).
Nine* percent of the Lufkin ISD students said that marijuana and/or other drugs were used at
most or all of the parties they attended during the school year (19 percent statewide). Drug use
at most or all parties was reported by 4* percent of district 8th graders (12 percent statewide),
10* percent of Lufkin 10th graders (23 percent statewide), and 13* percent of LISD 12th
graders (24 percent statewide), rates lower than those reported by students statewide.
Fewer Lufkin ISD students who had not been absent since the Fall reported having used
marijuana during the past month (4 percent/7 percent statewide) than did district students who
said they had missed four or more days of school (7 percent/16 percent statewide). One percent
of district students who had not gotten into trouble with school officials reported using
marijuana within the past 30 days (5 percent statewide). By contrast, 24 percent of district
students who had gotten into trouble with school officials on four or more days reported using
marijuana during the past 30 days (33 percent statewide).
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When asked about parental attitudes toward marijuana use, Lufkin students reported a
disapproval rate of 90 percent (88 percent statewide). Six percent of district students said they
"don't know" how their parents feel about kids their age using marijuana (7 percent statewide),
while 2* percent said their parents neither approve nor disapprove (4 percent statewide) (Fig.
17).
Five* percent of LISD students reported using uppers (8 percent statewide), 3 percent said they
had used hallucinogens (7 percent statewide), 3 percent reported using downers (5 percent
statewide), 2 percent said they had used powdered cocaine (6 percent statewide), and 3 percent
said they had used steroids (2 percent statewide) at least once during their lifetimes (Fig. 1).
Statewide, female students were less likely to have used drugs than were male students. In the
Lufkin ISD, male students were more likely to have used inhalants than were district female
students. There were no other significant differences by gender among LISD students with
regard to tobacco, alcohol, or other illegal drug use.
In the statewide survey, students living in two-parent homes reported lower drug use than did
students living in other family situations. LISD students living in other family situations were
somewhat more likely to have used marijuana than were those students living in homes with
two parents. There were no other significant differences by living arrangement among Lufkin
ISD students with regard to tobacco, alcohol, inhalants, or other illicit substance use.
When asked where they would go for help with a drug or alcohol problem, the largest
percentage of Lufkin students said they would seek help from their friends (75 percent/76
percent statewide). Sixty-two* percent of LISD students said they would seek help from an
adult friend or relative (57 percent statewide), and 65 * percent said they would turn to their
parents (52 percent statewide). District students are least likely to seek help from another adult
in school, such as a teacher or nurse (34 percent/32 percent statewide) (Fig. 17). Since school
began in the Fall, 5 percent of Lufkin students reported seeking help for any problems
connected with alcohol or drug use from someone other than family or friends (6 percent
statewide).
Eight-four* percent of Lufkin ISD students said they had gotten information about drugs and
alcohol from a school source since classes began in the Fall (79 percent statewide). "An
assembly program" was reported by 70* percent of district students as a source for this
information (54 percent statewide), while 70* percent said "an invited school guest" was a
source for drug and alcohol information (46 percent statewide). Thirty-three* percent of LISD
students reported getting information about drugs and alcohol from a "health class" (45 percent
statewide).
The influence of drug education programs may be reflected in students' attitudes toward the use
of specific substances. Ninety-four* percent of Lufkin students believe that crack use is "very
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dangerous" (91 percent statewide), and 93* percent believe that powdered cocaine use is "very
dangerous" (90 percent statewide). Eighty percent of LISD students believe that inhalant use is
"very dangerous" (77 percent statewide), and 76* percent believe that marijuana use is "very
dangerous" (66 percent statewide). By contrast, the perceived danger of alcohol and tobacco
use is lower. Only 50 percent of LISD students feel that it is "very dangerous" to use alcohol
(45 percent statewide), while 38 percent believe that tobacco use is "very dangerous" (38
percent statewide) (Fig. 13).