Our country is famous for its Indonesian maritime country.

However,
marine and fisheries development is still behind when compared to neighboring
countries. When compared to the Philippines and Malaysia Marine Industrial
Application of Technology in Indonesia is still far behind. Even though
Indonesia's marine wealth is more abundant than those countries. Indonesia is a
maritime continent where the maritime field is entrained in the long-term
development plan (RPJP).

The term is used in order to Indonesian maritime continent not only

focuses on the development of agriculture alone. This is important, because 70%
of geographically Indonesia is an ocean. But by the fact more than half the
territory in the form of oceans, Indonesia not even seriously thinking about it.
Indonesia sea excess that is supposed to afford welfare of the people, especially
those living on the coast and some islands.

Geographically Indonesia is a country with two-thirds of the total area

consists of oceans. Indonesia also has the second longest coastline in the world
that can be utilized for the development of the maritime industry. Strength is what
is great potential to improve the economy of Indonesia so that it can be utilized for
the welfare of the community. This was said by Minister of Industry Saleh Husin
in his presentation on "Development-Based Maritime Industry" at the XV
National Conference of the Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (Hipmi)
in Bandung on Monday - January 12, 2015.

The minister emphasized that the maritime industry to be developed in the

period 2015-2019, namely: (1) Seaweed Industry; (2) Fish Processing Equipment;
(3) Shipyard Industry; and (4) Salt Industry. The minister also explained the
potential and development programs implemented by the Ministry of Industry in
their respective industries.

a. Seaweed industry

National seaweed industry consisting of 25 units of large-scale enterprises have

been able to absorb as many as 3,100 workers and contribute an investment of
USD 170 million. In addition, national seaweed industry has had an installed

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capacity of 33 thousand tons with a production capacity of 20 thousand tons /
year, resulting in a utilization of 60%.

Kemenperin continue to make seaweed industry development program nationally,

among others: (1) Increasing the supply of raw materials seaweed; (2) Enhance
partnership and integration between the upstream and downstream sides; (3)
Development of infrastructure seafood processing industry among others, through
the aid of machinery / equipment to seafood processing areas; (4) Increase the
ability of the provision of machinery and equipment business support seaweed
processing; (5) Incentives Fiscal and Non-Fiscal development Seaweed Industry;
and (6) Development of SMEs Seaweed.

b. Fish processing industry

National fish processing industry consisting of 37 units of large-scale enterprises

have been able to absorb as many as 62,000 workers and has an investment value
of Rp 1.5 trillion. National fish processing industry also has an installed capacity
of 339 thousand tons with production capability of 197 thousand tons / year,
resulting in a utilization of 58%.

Fish processing industry development program conducted national Ministry of

Industry, namely: Ensure the availability of raw materials; Setting up a skilled and
competent human resources in the field of fish processing industry; Improve the
ability of technological mastery and innovation fish processing industry; Improve
the efficiency of processing and quality assurance of products; Coordinate the
development of the logistics system; and Facilitating access to competitive
financing for the fish processing industry small and medium scale.

c. Shipyard Industry

National shipyard industry still has a great potential to be developed. Reparations

for the shipbuilding industry, the number of production facilities of 214 units with
a capacity of 12 million dead weight tons (DWT) per year with a utilization of
85%. While the new shipyard, the number of production facilities as much as 160
units with a capacity of 1.2 million DWT per year with utilization of 35%.

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Program development of the national shipbuilding industry, among others:
Increased ability shipbuilding industry; Fiscal facility; Increased mastery of
technology, design and engineering; Develop a skill enhancement of human
resources; Empowerment IKM in the production of ship components to meet the
needs of the shipbuilding industry; as well as training and mentoring shipbuilding
people in the centers of potential.

d. Salt Industry

National salt industry which consists of 35 large-scale business units with total
area of production reached 22 thousand hectares has a production capacity of 1.56
million tons per year. Meanwhile, the national salt industry development program,
among other things: land Extensification saltworks in NTT; Intensification of land
saltworks in East Java, Central Java, West Java, and NTT; Improving the quality
of salt through the help of salt processing technology; Salt SME development
through technical training and assistance salt production machinery / equipment;
SNI mandatory for industrial salt; and Facilitation SNI certification mandatory for
SMEs salt.

In addition to the development of marine industry, there are other things

that need to be developed and considered by the government to promote the
maritime industry in Indonesia, among others:

OPTIMIZATION UTILIZATION FISHERY RESOURCES. Indonesia sea

provide an abundant source of food: fish, crustaceans, shellfish, and seaweed.
Marine life can be a source of food and alternative medicines for society.
Indonesia also has the potential to produce marine simple commodity, salt is
abundant. It will support millions of people and provide protein-rich food for
hundreds of millions of others. All that can be beneficial well if used optimally
and not arbitrary.

PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES PATTERNS. Currently there is an

imbalance between the use of fishery management area of fish resources (WPP)

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Indonesia. This is evidenced by WPP status three conditions, namely overfishing,
full exploitation and moderate exploitation. In the future, it is necessary to
promote resource management practices are competitive and sustainable fisheries

FISHERIES LOGISTICS SYSTEMS. Building a distribution chain of fish from

the area, as a measure to improve the distribution of fish in this country is one of
the national priorities. This is because the distribution center of fish production in
the country has not been optimal, while on the one hand kontuinitas necessary
supplies for consumption and processing industries. meet the needs of consumers
and processing industry which is a challenge that must be resolved because it is
associated with fish consumption levels of society and the strengthening of
fisheries exports in order to increase foreign exchange earnings from the fisheries
sector.

DEVELOP ENERGY SOLAR, WIND AND FLOW OF SEA. Indonesian energy

sector in serious trouble, because the rate of energy demand in the country
exceeds the growth of energy supply. Based energy potential of solar power, wind
(wind), and ocean currents are very large, but has not received serious attention.
As the nation's largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands large
and small, to meet the target of electricity in all regions in Indonesia through
conventional approaches, is almost impossible. Especially small islands located in
the forefront of Indonesia are still many shortcomings of electric energy.
Although the people who live there have the same right to support facilities, both
for the family, daily activities, as well as for business development. Alternative
huge potential of solar energy, such as solar, wind, ocean currents have proved the
potential and well implemented in many countries.

DO ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION. Restoration and

rehabilitation of ecosystems which makes it possible to maintain the stability of
ecological systems that exist. Research agenda involving universities and the
private sector should be encouraged, especially with regard to the utilization of
mangroves, coral reefs and seagrass beds for sustainable use. Through the
economic approach, the potential of this biodiversity can be developed through
the activities of tourism services in order to provide for the public welfare.

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DEVELOP MARINE TOURISM. While not optimal and ideal, a variety of
marine tourism is aggressively being developed in Indonesia, the majority
promote the natural beauty, culture, and the unique characteristics of Indonesian
society. Ranging from ecotourism, cultural tourism, business tourism, cruises,
culinary tourism, sports tourism and actively developed. Trend marine tourism is
growing from year to year, and a growing number of marine tourism is directly
related to the location of conservation areas in the waters of Indonesia. Various
obstacles of infrastructure, access, and facilities need to be addressed.

SHIPPING INDUSTRY DEVELOP. Build, improve and develop the national

shipping industry that allows it to contribute to national and global shipping is an
important agenda. This system is still dominated by foreign shipping Indonesia.
Developing the shipbuilding technology, supply chain systems, develop
shipbuilding and port systems and delivery management system needs to be done,
so that the ships produced in Indonesia have strong competitiveness, absorb
skilled labor, and provide economic benefits for Indonesia.

MARITIME INDUSTRIES AND MEDICINES. While marine biotechnology

development is highly dependent on imported raw materials once the marine
products industry is a major high-tech pharmaceutical and medicine, where the
sea Indonesia provides all the ingredients. According to the study PKSPL IPB
1997 that the potential of marine biotechnology we really reach US $ 40 million
which includes the potential of seaweed, algae, sea grass and coral reefs. In the
future, it is necessary sinregi and cooperation between the various parties to
support the development of the pharmaceutical industry and medicine.

SETTLING SEA TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS & CARGO STEVEDORE.

Indonesia has more than 21,000 kilometers of track conveyance deep water, and
can provide significant economic value when done in an integrated maritime
logistics reform. Currently the system unloading cargo and in Indonesia still relies
on the Jakarta International Container Terminal (JICT) and Container Terminal
Surabaya (TPS), and the gap is very deep with the development of other areas.
Management effectiveness is still low. If no good anticipation, the gap will be
created in a variety of secondary ports, and affect the cost. National influence will

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be great, and the loss of economic potential in 2015 besar.Visi also encourage
ASEAN for ASEAN's 47 regional ports, where 14 of them are in Indonesia, can
improve the performance, capacity and connection.

REFORMULATION LOGISTICS AND SYSTEM REFORM. The existence of

maritime transport, construction and arrangement of ports, need to be supported
by a management system and adequate planning. For that, there must be an
integrated reform of the reform and reformulation system logistisk Indonesia. To
support this, it is necessary to develop: (i) build an international-class domestic
ports. (ii) Develop shipping industry and the global class domestic shipping; (iii)
Building a system of logistics centers in various regions in Indonesia are
interconnected; and (iv) Encouraging the policy and strategic planning. (v)
develop the capacity of human resources and management systems and
management of ports, so as to increase the scale of services locally, nationally,
and globally.

SECURITY AND SAFETY SHIPPING. Security and safety aspects of shipping

becomes very important because in recent years, the world of our marine
transportation shrouded in dark clouds with many cases of sinking ships and
collisions at sea that caused casualties and material losses are not small.
Therefore, efforts to reduce this case to be done through campaigns and programs
trutama zero accident in order to protect the safety of passengers, crew and ship
crossing the shipping lanes Indonesia

FLOW CONTROL SEA ISLANDS INDONESIA. Setting and enforcement ALKI

in Indonesian waters that contain the consequences of opening our waters from
international shipping activities. It is characterized by an increase in the volume of
world trade by sea, which has now reached 41,000 billion ton meningat of 35,000
billion tons in 2010.Diperkirakan 50000-60000 merchant ships passing through
the international traffic that passes through peariran Indonesia. In addition to
trade, there are two main issues that constantly threaten our ALKI is a matter of
defense and maritime security and smuggling. Regional tensions and initiative of
the major countries that have economic interests in Indonesian waters continue to
intervene to secure trade lanes and control the goods are transported by ship them.

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While human trafficking, small arms and narcotics are illegal practices and the
wide distribution of 80% of the goods by sea diperikirakan

MANAGEMENT OF SMALL ISLANDS. Indeed, small islands that marine

resources which has the function of ecological, economic, and defense and
economic potential of the region to increase security. In addition to providing land
land resources, this area also provides natural resources produktif.Ekosistem
mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrass beds and marine biodiversity that live in it a
source of food. So it can also support the region's fisheries and aquaculture,
marine tourism, as well as other environmental services. However, investment in
the region still tend to be low. Neither the government, state enterprises, and
private sector, is still not making optimal use.

FUEL. Fuel (BBM) is a very important factor in fishing activities. Components of

the cost of fuel reached 50-70 percent of the total operating costs of fishermen.
Similarly, shrimp farming, fuel costs reach 5-25 percent of fuel costs
produksi.Bahan used to pump water plants, water mill, and the lighting around
aquaculture. However, fishermen and fish sources pembudi have difficulty getting
subsidized fuel around the site, so it is often purchased for industrial or deal with
the mafia penjual.Diperlukan cross-ministerial support for easy access and
maintain the stability of fuel prices, in particular for small and traditional fishing,

TECHNOLOGY FOR DRINKING WATER WORTH. People in coastal areas

and small islands are often faced with a difficult situation because of limited water
resources. In fact, the need for clean water increases with population growth and
the utilization of space in it. The biggest challenge in the provision of clean water
and drinking water in coastal areas and small islands is the selection of
appropriate technology and affordable in terms of investment and maintenance.
Processing brackish water into fresh water into the sea the main provision of
drinking water in coastal areas and small islands. Can be facilitated by means of
water treatment using a semipermeable membrane filtration technology.
Commonly known as Reverse Osmosis. Provision of clean water for consumption
program is one of the service improvement program of coastal infrastructure and

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small islands. To accelerate the pace of drinking water services, community-based
management designed independently.

MDGs AND POST-MDG COASTAL AND ISLANDS. Efforts to reduce poverty

in coastal areas and small islands, not only economic problems. Many other
aspects are interrelated. Facilities and access to education, health facilities for
mothers, babies and for the prevention of infectious diseases, natural resource
management berkelnajutan, access to technology and information, as well as a
variety of network partnerships, among other things that need to be supported. To
that end, the poverty alleviation program must be within the framework of
achieving the Millennium (Millennium Development Goals) and Post-MDGs
while prepared.

FISHERMEN REGENERATION. Currently the number of fishermen shrinking

from year to year. Fishermen are not considered livelihood pursued by various
parties. Generation and fishing families generally do not choose to be a fisherman
if there is another alternative livelihood. Most prefer to be a construction worker
or a motorcycle, not a fisherman. This is because fishermen such bad condition.
Low income, limited capacity, and inadequate access to assets, challenges and
risks are very large, and so on. Ideally fishermen regeneration initiative to raise
the dignity of fishermen into a respectable profession for the country.
Regeneration of traditional fishermen catch fish open space could be a
professional fisherman with income, access and great asset. Various protection
and incentives provided. Capacity building and the facilities provided, enabling
them to earn a better income.

UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIP BASED. The role of universities, NGOs, local

government, private and community components is an important element to
address coastal and marine issues in Indonesia. Decentralization, open space for
the region to resolve the problems faced by both. University strategic support to
the process of identifying the problem and make policy and strategic solutions.
Sea Partnership is an initiative that combines all the strengths of the university-
based agencies to address coastal and marine issues in Indonesia.

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Daftar Rujukan

Agus.”Industri Maritim Butuh Investasi Lebih Besar”. 20 Oktober 2015.

http://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/7215/Industri-Maritim-Butuh-Investasi-
Lebih-Besar

Afif.”Penerapan Teknologi dalam Industri Maritim Indonesia”.20 Oktober 2015.

http://woi-belilah.id/warta/maritim/159-warata-maritim-woi-penerapan-teknologi-
dalam-industri-maritim-indonesia

Hartono.”Kemenperin Dorong Pembangunan Industri Berbasis Maritim”.20

Oktober 2015. http://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/10860/Kemenperin-Dorong-
Pembangunan-Industri-Berbasis-Maritim