Powerpoint Templates Page 1

Stone age 30000 BC

About 30,000 years
ago, the Negritos, who
became the ancestors of
today's Aetas, or
Aboriginal Filipinos,
descended from more
northerly abodes in
Central Asia
Powerpoint Templates Page 2
• No evidence has survived
which would indicate
details of Ancient Filipino
life such as their crops,
and architecture

Powerpoint Templates Page 3

In 4000-2000 BC
Austronesian groups descended from
Yunnan Plateau in China and settled in
what is now the Philippines by sailing
using balangays or by traversing land
bridges coming from Taiwan.
Austronesians used the Philippines as a
stop over to the Pacific islands or to the
Indonesian archipelago. Those who were
left behind became the ancestors of the
present-day Filipinos

Powerpoint Templates Page 4

• The Cagayan valley of northern
Luzon contains large stone
tools as evidence for the
hunters of big animals of the
time: the rhinoceros, crocodile,
tortoise, pig and deer. The
Austronesians pushed the
Negritos to the mountains,
while they occupied the fertile
coastal plains

Powerpoint Templates Page 5

 • In 200 BC, Chinese have
traded with and settled in
Philippines thousands of
years before West even
knew of this area
• The emergence of Barangay
city-states and trade
(200AD-500AD) Each
Balangay has a population
of 2000 people
Powerpoint Templates Page 6
• The items which were prized by
the peoples included jars, which
were a symbol of wealth
throughout South Asia, and
later metal, salt and tobacco.
• In exchange, the peoples would
trade feathers, rhino horn,
hornbill beaks, beeswax, birds
nests, resin, rattan.

Powerpoint Templates Page 7

 14th to 16th Century
• The Malays remained the
dominant group until the
Spanish arrived in the 16th
century.
• Natives are in farming, and
trading of agricultural products
• Filipino farmers practicing
subsistence farming by kaingin
Powerpoint Templates Page 8
 17 -18
th th Century
Large haciendas owned by
Spaniards
• Rice, coconut, tobacco,
abaca, sugarcane were
planted.
• Farming methods are
crude and traditional

Powerpoint Templates Page 9

 • Early colonial economy
depended on the Galleon
Trade which was
inaugurated in 1565
between Manila and
Acapulco, Mexico and then
across the Caribbean Sea
and Atlantic Ocean to Spain
(Veracruz to Cádiz).
Powerpoint Templates Page 10
 • The Manila-Acapulco
Galleon Trade was the main
source of income for the
colony during its early
years. The Galleon trade
brought silver from New
Spain, which was used to
purchase Asian goods such
as silk from China, spices
from the Moluccas, and
Philippine cotton textiles.
Powerpoint Templates Page 11
 Galleon Trade led to
• neglect in the
development of the colony's
local industries
particularly agriculture.
• introduction of new crops
and animals such as corn,
potato, tomato, cotton and
tobacco among others.
Powerpoint Templates Page 12
The trade lasted for over two
hundred years, and ceased in
1815 just before the secession
of American colonies from
Spain

Powerpoint Templates Page 13

 • European population in
Philippines grew. They
depended on the Galleon Trade
for a living.
• In late 18th century, Governor-
General Basco introduced
economic reforms that gave the
colony its first real income
from the production of tobacco
and other agricultural exports.

Powerpoint Templates Page 14

 Agriculture was finally
opened to the European
population, which before
was reserved only for the
natives.

Powerpoint Templates Page 15

Royal Society of Friends of
the Country
Composed of leading men in
business, and industry was
tasked to explore and exploit
the island's natural bounties.
Monopolies on the areca nut,
tobacco, spirited liquors and
explosives started

Powerpoint Templates Page 16

• The Society offered local ad
foreign scholarships and
training grants in
agriculture. It was also
credited to the carabao
ban of 1782, and the
construction of the first
paper mill in the
Philippines in 1825.
Powerpoint Templates Page 17
 Taxation
• The buwis (tribute) was paid in cash
or kind (tobacco, chickens, produce,
gold, blankets, cotton, rice, etc.,
depending on the region of the
country)
• Also collected was the bandalâ, (a
round stack of rice stalks to be
threshed), an annual enforced sale
and requisitioning of goods such as
rice.
Powerpoint Templates Page 18
 • By the 1800s, the Philippines
had become an important
possession of Spain. The
European settlers and their
descendants, known as Insulares
(lit. "islanders"), also adapted to
oriental culture learning to eat
rice as their staple and use soy
sauce, coconut vinegar, coconut
oil and ginger.

Powerpoint Templates Page 19

 • At the beginning of Spanish
colonial rule, most Filipinos
lived in maritime societies.
• The irrigated Riceland and
metal implements were
privately owned. Not only was
there wet rice agriculture but
the people also engaged in
handicrafts.

Powerpoint Templates Page 20

• As from Late 18th century, the
Manila-Acapulco galleon
trade waned and industrial
capitalism in Europe rose.
Spain pushed agricultural
production for export in its
Philippine colony. This
encouraged the rapid
expansion of land estates
owned by the friars and the
natives and mestizos.

Powerpoint Templates Page 21

• Under US, the Philippines is
highly dependent on
agriculture and lacks the
fundamentals of a modern
industrial economy such as
productive enterprises

Powerpoint Templates Page 22

18th to 20th Century
Establishment of SUC’s
Establishment of large
plantations
Development of improved
technologies
Accelerated Agricultural
Development
Introduction of farm
machinery
Powerpoint Templates Page 23
 Mechanization, the
outstanding characteristic of
late 19th and 20th-century
agriculture, has eased
much of the backbreaking
toil of the farmer.
More significantly,
mechanization has
enormously increased farm
efficiency.
Powerpoint Templates productivity.
Page 24
1970’s to present
Biotechnology
Computer technology
Use of technologies in all
fronts of science

Powerpoint Templates Page 25

 Agriculture
Modern agriculture is
characterized by activities built
around production of crops and
livestock
• Processing
• Distribution and Marketing
Characterized by application of
science and technology that
develop new products, improve
level of productivity and improve
product quality, efficiency
• Challenges – sustainability, safety,
education, relevance

Powerpoint Templates Page 26

 • Modern agriculture depends
heavily on engineering and
technology and on the
biological and physical
sciences.
• Irrigation , drainage ,
conservation, and sanitation
each of which is important in
successful farming-are some of
the fields requiring the
specialized knowledge of
agricultural engineers.
Powerpoint Templates Page 27
 Airplanes and helicopters are
employed in agriculture for such
purposes as seeding, transporting
perishable products, and in
spraying operations to control
insects and diseases.
Radio and television disseminate
vital weather reports and market
information that is of concern to
farmers.

Powerpoint Templates Page 28

 Biotechnology has been
developed and used to
increase productivity ,
control pest, mass
propagate plants, improve
quality, delay ripening,
produce secondary
products etc.

Powerpoint Templates Page 29

• Passed the Agriculture and
fisheries Modernization Act
in 1997
• Professionalization of
Agriculture

Powerpoint Templates Page 30

The Agriculture and Fishery
Modernization Act (AFMA)
was passed by Philippine
Congress in 1998 to
modernize Philippine
Agriculture and address the
challenges of food security,
poverty, malnutrition,
environmental degradation
and agricultural
competitiveness.
Powerpoint Templates Page 31
1.Creation of National Agriculture and
Fisheries Education System (NAFES)
to:

a. To establish, maintain and support a

complete and integrated system of
agriculture and fisheries education
relevant to the needs of the economy, the
community and society.

b. To modernize and rationalize

agriculture and
fisheries education from the elementary
to the tertiary
levels;
Powerpoint Templates Page 32
• Establishment of Education
Program for Elementary and
Secondary Levels under NAFES,
to:
a. increase the attractiveness of
agriculture and
fisheries education, so that more
young and talented person will
look at agriculture and fisheries
as an acceptable option for career
and livelihood;
Powerpoint Templates Page 33
• to promote appreciation of science
in agriculture and fisheries
development;
• c. to develop among students,
positive attitudes towards
entrepreneurship and global
competition in the agriculture and
fisheries business;
• Establishment of a Network of
National Centers of Excellence in
Agriculture and fisheries

Powerpoint Templates Page 34

Such aims to promote academic
excellence and increase the
quality of graduates
quantity and quality of
research
quantity and quality of
faculty members
type of facilities
linkages with international
organizations
Powerpoint Templates Page 35
 Thank you

Powerpoint Templates Page 36