C 1<08E MISSION PAGE 3

CflatE
~
PHOTOS OF
BE AND OSAKA PA&E4
"0 SUNhlARV OF ALL
, DAMMIE TO JAPAN PA&E q
l'-It ~ ESTINATlN&
,. 0 AIR OPPOSITION PAGE 13
CORRELATINGo
o SCOPE PHOTOS PACI·E17
o 313t11 REPORTS
ON RESCUES PAGE 19

o INSIDE JAPAN PAGE 21

 XX I B 0 hi B ERe 0 M MAN D

~IIITElliGENCE REPORT
16 June 1945
ill BCIlCCIl OPERATIONS
Incendiary Attack on Kobe 3
Kobe Strike Photo 4
Osaka Strike Photo 5
Osaka Target tor Two 1I1ss1oos 6
Photo Osaka 7
Japs Slander our Planes 8
\lining Mission 8
XXI B.C. Sets Banbing Record 8

!Yo BOMCCIl TA.~GETS

summary of Damage to Targets in Japan 9

JAPANESE AIR DEFENSE
Estimating Air Opposition 13
Jap Wind.... Effective 16
Jap First Team Fighters 16
Jap Manual Gives Poop on B-29 16

RADAR INTELLIGENCE
Method of Correlat ing Scope Photos 17

--
AIR-SEA RESCUE

313th Reports on Rescue

19
eo
Next stop, Honshu!
SPECIAL REPORTS
21
Inside Japan

HOLDERS 01' ISSUE NO. 10. PLEASE NOTE

Will holders of issue No. 10 or :e
Air Intelligence Report pl~e~ng!ss':
classification of Page 11
fran Confidential to secret.
 .' ,~I Iltl

~~~~t ;~ie cUd not bomb. Four..

~
- e urban aDd Industr1e.l area tons OD the y eight dropped 3,048
of Kobe 1f8,S the target for an
lnce~l&J'Y lD1Bsi on on the night visually andprl;&rY target, ~
average banblng ~~ radar. trc. an
of 4.5 June. The city 1s teet. Six a1rcra~t !tude of 15,530
of opportunity with 4~omtbed
t.fl out aloDg the northwest mar-
:tn 01 osaka baY at the east end of OM. targets
I,U Inland sea. It 15 aprrox1ma tely
10 aUt! long and fran one to three Bombing of the prlmar
down by "ing' .. r o11 ow,:y 1558th,10?
broken
t!1~ ride.
Alc,686 tons '?3rd
pre~ominant construction mater- 139 AlC, 936' tons:
I&!J are wood and plAster with only 313th,1l4 AlC, 763
a:~(l11.m8tely 10 tons ;314th,108 Aft
percent of the 6&3 toos. '
It 18 Inter-'ed that this .fleld)' re_ b'J!.1~ill8S construc-
port be a source of InforlUtlon tar co~­ ted of brick, met- OPPOSITION
bat eteWlll and ,tarr otricers who have a al, stolle ar COD-
IflS1t1lllate interllt in the operatlonl1 of a.te, Ilany of Enemy a11' oppost-
the XXI Baabe' COI:Jdnc3. '"'1th1n those th. lIIodern build.. t ion ft!I reported
Haiti it should receive the widest pca-
.ibl. elrcYlotlon permissible under the lDgS are hlllllJned 1n as moderate to
pl'c:rrl.1on1 of Aft :o.eo_5. b1so11d masllell of heavy wtth 470 g,n..
tlwy workerll ' eraUylDlB81'8 uive
III order that. ClaJ[1J:w:I of Intelll- to:le5, or them..' attackS. A few
sene. cay be included, the report is
liven an overall clasllfication of Sec-
ret. ihen the nature or the r;atAlrlal
s!lm contain In-
Ua=able mater-
I :.~ coordinated and
fly_through attackS
tw. 'Ibe lIll:ter su - were reported. One
be~n
wurants, Inc31vl4ual article. ho.ve re·
oelved • lower ••ourity classifioation. Pl1 has never B..29 _5 ranlll8d by
p1entitul and 1t a George after being bIt D1 rlak and
The report 1. 10 u.e.bled that the
component .ectiODI me, be recnoved ani!
is
large scale f1 da ngerously
considered low for was 5tragglin«. !'lve parachute!
clrculatecl or rUell .. paretel,.. It por- ret1ghtlng. "ere seen to open betore the air..
tloDl are reproCluced, security regula- craf't crashed into the water ort
tion. llIust be observed and the source TMRSPORTATION CENTER HonshU. Five B..295 were lost to
credited. enemy aircraft. ClailllS agatnst the
is hth e sixth largest city
7.obe and
In Japan enemy were 62 destrOyed.4a probably
Corre.ponc3enoe reaazdlng this pub-
l1cat1on should btl _ddr.ned to the COllI- ~OXlmately a~ 00
population ot destroyed and 65 ~d.
unllll18 General, XXI BOIIIbfl:r COllC.lnll. ~t Y 1mporta ' 0.000. Its prl- Four other B..295 were lost ..•
..PO 2M, c/o POItlllalter, San P'l'anelsoo.
Cal1tcrnia, Attent1on: AC or S. A-2.
m:llinsportll~~~n
Pal p
11 es in the fteld
• It Is Japan's three to AA and one wh1ch cruh~
on laodlng at 1.0. PoW" SUJ"viTOl'a
~~t eoneen~:t~ contains the lar- of the 8.29 whlch.S r . - ..re
d
~ and marin on of ship build- (See AU.".a
\~f.G~
r. e engine equipment. picked up by sub.
ReSCUe sectIon.) , ...... •
stoei Y lnc1l.lstrla 1 plants such as
rube ,rail"a nak wall 1l..,eJ' ·to-?06.·" and
COIOMI, G.B.C. te bel' and O~d equipment. IIl6chiner y. generally aocurate ill 4blt tar,et
AC or B, 1-2 .cfta ted With ~~ce are closely In...
o",e's transportation
area. About 33 percea' of (1/17 aU-
UTH: C.G.XXI B.C. Initial.U.d. Vities craft received battle a.ase.
•
DATI Ie JUne 19405 yr-- 1b D~An.s OF mSSlON
R/SULfB

,~elllissl
TIl'"Q:llatUn on against the city""
t~ 58th w~rrort incendiary attaOk.
4.3 llquare .11_
post lltrlke reooaDBuaaoce abO-'
of auII! tJ'~
thiS attaOk. rattll'1S tbt lIo&a1 ~
age to t~e cle to eS&bll ."".,.
tt
. ~ by 351t1PTU
~ 13rd ~ supplied 120 aiJ'Cre. h,
be' tor 52. 3l3th ).25 and SJAt
tfetn 042a total or 526 aUObCll"ne t
232 and osoB51IC, 1'bU y
dlea. <..-,
•
 ~-
~l
=
• ~
>-..
.$
~ ...
w.I ~;:, •
• ~ -{,
-....
~
~
•
c
c:>
 ,
';;J.H~~-TARGET FOR MISS1
o SAM got the
incend tar y
treatment
1 JUNE liISSIcrn
On 1 June 509 B~29s,
twice during the week under review borne against Osaka. The 5~~'
__ first on 1 June and again on the plied 119, the 73rd 153, 3Iatb ~
7th. Total results are S .55 square 3l4th 118. benty nine .~
miles of the city da:naged. or this, did not bOlllb. Four hUMrell r~'
3.15 ~quare eile! resulted frOlll the seven dropped 2,683 tOll! or l'-~J
1 June mission and 3.4 trom the 7 tHaries on the primary tarcu
June strike. Total damage to the ua11y and by radar (rQII 1036 ~
city is now 14.65 square mUes. K at an average altitude d 1t,
teet.
OSaka 15 the second largest cIty
In Jej:8D. having had e populatioD. Wing banbing total! are:
or 3.252,240 In 1940. Prior to the 106 A/c, 650 tons; 73rt1, 140
war it had the most important In- 904 tons; 313th, 108 Ale, 747
dustrial concentration In the Far 314th, 103 AlC, 481 tom,
East b'.lt Tokyo recently has taken tons were dropped on targets CIt
the lead as the msnufactur1lJ8 cen_ portunity.
ter of the Empire. RESULts
The cIty remaIns one ot the prin_ Damage assessment !hllll
cipal centers of heavy industry. It square mlles of daN-ge,.U cl
Is noted for Its shlpbullcUl18, tron is in the adjoining tOl'll of.
and steel warlt!3 ,rolling stock works ski. Damage was caused to Ui
and non-ferrous metals enterprises, bared targets.
notably copper and aluminum. Other LOSSES
war materials produced are atrcraft
propellers and governors, munitions Ten aircraft were 101t.
and Ol'dnance, textlles, special lows: Two from the 731'4 n" •.
steels, wire, electrical equipment,
machines and machine tools and in-
s trUl"le:lts.
accident;one ditching frell.-
one each trom the 58th IIlII 1M:
two operational frOll tbI _ I
RAIL'lI'AY HUB three to unknOlfn ealllltl ftI
58th '?ling. one aueral'-
An extensive system of railways 314th wing was abaDtlOllIl1'"
hubs o:l. OSaka, includil18 the To_ This aircraft Mel beell bit WJ
kaido main l1ne, the Kansai Une over the target aDd eM
and l'IU11erous lOcal electrical ar- commander had beeD kUlJd j'
teries. evatar control bad bHlI '
the co_pUot wcnndld tIIJ'If~.
'il1tJ.in the area are located nume1\- The co-pilot brOU&bt tbf I'
ous faniIy factories and shadow 1"0, however, and the 10 lIP rl
doned it and were relCOIG' Pol' ThiS B-29 had it'. picture takl a8ainst
plants, too small and too numerous
to be selected as individual tar_
gets. In 1938 the whole city had
One hundred rort1 '~~-' • ~aka
an unusually interesting backd!'OP rrrer
on 1 Junl. me reearklble deptb et
were a1rborne as elcortOOlOlU'
dat!a~tr~
or focus shOW!! clearl1 the oeakShtPI18 t
some 15.000 factories. Osaka was ac.1verse weatber c_~ ~
reacbed the tarS et t ~.I'
old tire (at lOWlr ru: ), -
~
the place where Japan ttrst entered smoke riSing tb' .uiP dUl'lNI:
into fIlJdern industrialism and, ex_
cept fJr the larier and newer in-
st811a';ions, is mainly a conglomer_
a even p_5U were 1101 t r" CveI'
weather and one pi II
..poolll~ ~
_
which thUi photo ...
':'ling aircratt. fbi lba4(ll1' ot tblJ "'9
by a 31Stb

is visible on tbe plaDl in tbt pic. . .•

ation or nome workShops and shaok_ Enemy fisbter.ald"' 110 ~ ,
like factories. moderate, with 90
,
-ad.)
(continued OIl ......- , •
-=. <,' ~
ge:lerally weak a~ unaggressive at-
I
I ta:kS. several ineffective air_to-
81.!' phosphorus bombings were
te3lpted.
Flak was generally moderate and
l00.ccurate for the first part of
the force but the accuracy increased
fer most rollowlng formations. Five
planes are considered lost to flak
8cd 26.8 percent of the aircratt
over the targets sustained battle
damage due to flak.
7 JUNE NISSION
on 7 June .49 aircraft were air-
barne 10 8 strike against OSaka.
?'OU' hundred nine of them dropped
2.648 tons of Ineen~Harle9 on the
p:r1mary target by rader through
l(VIO cloud. The wing totals are:
50th, 107 Ale I OBI tons j 73rd I 120
Ale, 784 tOM; 313th, 77 Ale I 528
tGns; 314 tb. 105 Ale I 654 tons.
Nine targets of opportunt ty
bi:lllbed with 78.4 tons.
Tnirty 008 3!3th Wll18 eircraft
were a:l1'borne on the night of 7-8
June to lay mines in the eastern
and western approaehes to Shimono_
seki Straits, Fukuoka and ".aratsu.
Fifteen laid 108 1.OaO-pounders
ill the western approaches, seven
la1d 84 1n the eastern approaches
alld four laid 48 at F"ukuoka. Five
jettisoned and returned early.
No eneoy a1r opposition was en_
cJuntered and no aircraft lost.
(8 $)
Enemy air op
at_
50 enelIly fighte~~8~~n I
tacks. Flak wes
"'*
~lllfJ 15 It:.
moderate Bnd inaee~ Qp ...~ "-
undercast. ltt ~1"\
Two B-29s 1t'81'e 1 ~
reesons. One of the o"t to IltI....
abandoned nOrthwest o~l~~_'lrcl
of the cre" "ere re81'1~' ~
the 313th Went dotrn ''''''l. ~
Tlnian and six crew :0l'thlts\:
~bt~ ""
,DlmiS' to Urban Ar.l$and..!!~ustrial Targets in Japan
rescued.
One hundred fort, r
..ere airborne f'rQll boo ~,~
reported Seeing 40 to 60 et t\~ 11& 54 strike attacks twice aod Yo.Kohama once. D&lt8ge
the target area and ObIt!'Y...... i\l11:
agaInst the Japanese home- fran these attacks is assessed at
destroy two enemy &UCrtlt. 141irt1 ... •~..•• ts or the XXI Banber Com- 35.97 square miles •
Clty area d&lDaged 10 tilts
9100 totals 3.4 Square lUll!. ~
...
1.,.1 1 \lWo
'r:eD or these attack.s were !Dade Thirty two airfield str1kes COlI.
raises the total cit, 4&aet. ~t 1nl!ustrial targets, lDaking pleted the series against the t1elds
14.65 square miles, est1:a~ lo~ I l.O:a1 ll1'J8 such missions to date. on Kyushu and Shikoku. Post strike
were 24 pereen1; ot the bQUt,.UP ~ I,;:' Are against Japanese oil reconnaissance has but recentl1
or the City. (Secret) 1lG!'36! and refineries (T8~gets S73, been obtained on these fields. The
rt, IBM and 2121). Three were canpleta series or 9'1 missions "111
BZ:~
a¢n5t the enemy aircraft industry be summarizei! by airrteld when as.
~~ts 660, 1702, 2008 end 792). sessment is completed.
Pin or the Itay missions had Ten mining m1ss10ns, eO:Ul'leting
The XXI Bomber Ce.e::.l ...: teslgll8ted incendiary areas In the nay operations,are not reported
l!shed a new AAP receI'd ou U tile e1t1es as their objectives.
herf.' in detail.
With the greatest tonlll«e.,.,: laKeya was hit twice, Tokyo
leased OD a Single WItt lu
mission -- 3,162 tons of ID • STATIST' CA L CHARTS 0" fOLLOW'.' PAGEl
diaries on Nagoya.
The previous AU reeord IU 11I1
by the 8th Air l"orca b..,I's,
dropped 2,923 tons on Colepll
z
October 1944. It took 1,24&11I
bOlllbers, attacking, to diU... • 1
2,923 tons about 32& II1ltt, ell
only a third ot that--I
B-29s, carried the 3!162 ~ I
miles to Nagoya. Ttl. rIC
since been broken ....ral U"
the XXI BomCom. (Secret) "
~ ",.
~tbe""5hOl'er that ~
il17":.!riiad the in_
,':'elt,_ot Yokohallla , ,
"I 'UltlPl, by 0..
. el1tills, s~rul or in.
l ,'be1ng releasee!,
lllb t~ or the XXl
-'~art'
-- ~
attaekina
~: " 1b1.s.... handsome ,....
,
,
.:.ot& Photo, was taken
l,te !-29 eO!lD:lande~ by
....'"
"
,~. r.ersey, 877th
' (9i)tb Group.
I iiJJ .
I~o
- 2GlI<Wlli\1!!
I "F 1!::i~l:
(11'f~i!''"i;'''.
......... {

I IIrbtllt damage i;~;'""~'

1m:
...... ... ...
l .f ~
N
'" ... ... ... .. .
CITY
"' DATE OF ..... u ....
HIllIIIBrn;mJ,'

JE IN
-"'"'"'''''
STRIKE
1m"'" I 0"
~~
RE!lAa~
STRIKES
~~ "· ..."· '"• .. '"•
SQ MILES 00 00 o
3 Jan 5 .09
-
NO.
~
~

~ '" ~
~

'"
•
;!
~
•
:l ~
• •
.•..· •·
o

'n...~
17 00 ~
!AGOYA
~o
~
10/11 Uar 5 2.05 41
18/19 Mar 5 2.95 44 agUnst r"CM1 !It II;
ntl(
*24/25 Uor 5 .26 45
3.15 ~
14 }Jay 5
17 tlay 5 3. ""
174
175
~ § ill 8
"00· ..·
&; o
:!l §
· ."g:·
o o
g
·
§ ~ ~

~
tOTAlS 12.33 5 L g ~· $· ...;::·
o ~.

'" "
00
~ ~ ~ • ·
· ~

'OBE 4 Feb 5
16/17 liar 5 2.91
.09 26
43
i~ " ·
••~ I
~

~ ~
" " 00
... ...·
~ ~

rOTALS
HA1lAIlATSU 19 Feb 5
3.00
.03
2
37
~ . ~
~fJ::
~~
8
"o·
g
·
g
"·
§ 8
~

Ii
Datnage 1s reslll\«
8~ ;:: g
o
30 Feb 5
19 lIay 5
.26
.22
126
17<
City being llSlIlu 1;; '"
1A
to
secondary tal'ttt, N
target or opptI't'&
<

I: ~o ..·
1 ty on strikes. b o
~• ~ § ~
~
TorAlS .53 o planned lb1ulom, § ill § &;
:!l § ~

~
"
~,;
~· $· to·~

00
'" 16· f8 "" · · ·
~ 8 •~ ~·
~S
~

...·
"·
TOKYO 25 Feb 5 1.0 9_38 «·Damage Is tria 60 ~ ~ ~ 00
• "
9/10 llar 5 15.8 40 69, aplnst ""lUll!

Ii
~

13 Apr 5 11.4 67 and Tokyo.

*15 Apr 5 6.0 69
24/26 May 5 22.1 181-163

I~
TOTAU) ~ § ~ § &!'" ~ § § § § § ;
OSAKA
56.3 7 ~
::1 ~• ~· 8· ~'"· Iio· 16
•
g •
II· ~· ~
·
12/13 Mar 5 6.1 42
8< · "• ...· ...· ...• '"· •• ...·
~ ~
~.
TOTALS ~ '"• ~ N
•
6.1 1
'" · .
-
TAlll~SAKI

.. ,,~'ALS
*15 Apr 5 3.37
3.37 -
66
1
.,

:r'"
~
r.-'cJ
~ t t:+'....
g f: G~ 'il
u

i
0 0
u ..
~
b
:~ ~; ~~ ~. :11 ~J !l" !l ~ ~ ~ ~
YOKCIillfA ~15 Apr 5 *5trlke .IUlt ror' ".. u ...
1.48 68-29
Kawanld •
~ i~ ;J 1 < olh U <ll .. ~ <~.. !l ~I
29 May 5 6.9 186

P
0
~
j8.~~ !~ i~~lli h l~ ill :~ j,
TOTAlB 8.94 1 wett
7.;=;'==7===~~';"===~~~1
I

~8 Apr 5 60_61 ~ *seeon4aJ'1

sfA 160" 81 .
~~h~~~~h~~~~~~~m~~~:~lmJml'3
KAOOOHD'A .045

TOTAlS
.045 0, /
ORAIID TOTALS
92.615 17 /
os
11
...... ·-c .;

... g,ij><~S'h;& Hm0

~"'H ~"'g&~~~.8~~8g
:.~ • ~ .... o
~"' ~'" ~¥:9;ij~m~~~'" .. .. "'I".. '"
Ii I
Cfn
"<0'11111ii ....
RI\) t""0lli:
:>'¢PI <0 ",Ill
!r .. --<l"O~ro
lIll
Ul""'N ........

(to
I'C

:3it~
.~
0
IOlD

. . &'
.. 11
CD":!
\iii!",
~ai
1Il
OQ
t: lP" 1O
." ..

I
O' .... 0 0 O~ \iii, ...
'1>."""0;

un•
'10 ":l 104
I ~ o~
t""::l'"
"<B :Il
QI~.
.... 9 til.., lOr .... \iii:"
o-J~ n " i ! i l l
..
5l:'~..
(lUll OIl s:: R~ ~ E~ Q ~ ~ e:~ 19.... ~"~
~ ~». liS Ii'
ct.
ct"~
"Po
"UI
(II (II
I-'
(\)
~
III
.... ft
.... ft
tr :11 111.... •
It'
:II
00
U1:.1
0 Do
.tII III : ~

IH
.. It' ftg
...
·....a. •I;:o ·'"g: o .. •..'"
ij~ ijllll""

... °""<0
PHD Dl QI 1\) t1ma t 113g enemy figh ter interception occurs In tHe Kobe.
lIlllll lIll •
flU t~:n it ill des1rable to at-
·B ·b.. ·8 ·§ ·8'" .§'"'" ·§~ i
~ ~
t:1 ,. ~ Osaka-Nagoya area. leu.r 0Pposi.
..i-'
" It It ~

·8ill lI'Il'et~ foreCAst tion takes place in both Northern

~
•• <0o':! 1;' what toe Japs
11ft rill do as well as what and Southern R)'ushu whereas 10 em
i!Q)j
~ ~ capable of' doing. To aDti-
..
';1:.1
It..

.... ...l
; ......
••

t!' 0 ' "

>
0
e . " til. strategy ot the enelllY's
~ptorl requires cons iderat10D
around Y.ure ther. is all to weak
tighter interceptIon. 1I0st errt_
cient fIghter Interception hu oc•
curred In the TolQro area and to •
~:rt 2 ~
.... II
I'dli rollO'll'illS lllaj or factors:
Cf
OIl
..'0 Cd'l
'1lt~ ....

.'" ..'"'" a~o 1, . .btl' aDd types ~ itnllled ia t ..

lesser degree In the Qaaka-Hasoya
area. It is believed that th, .ore

..'! ... ""

os:: .... 0,," •
~ mUllblt el18llY fighters located hIghly traIned pUots a~ the better
g ~'" • "~
. .
I ~
'" ~ ~
(II (11
'!.l II d erauntl areas over which our fIghter aircraft are located 10
-.
C
Co
n """OIl 10
....Q CD
I0Il1'<_
'"'" ·
" · • ·~ ·8 ·b" ij 8 g § .~." 0_ ,
these two areas. In antic1pation or
the bulk of B-29 attacks.
b =:; 8 l':
.
<0 ~
o I, toper.tional weather over the
.. B.".... ;'" •...o '"
VI 1-1
....... O:::l :;
~ :"l
I-' • ~n .::t1114l CIl 'lhich the Jap fighters 2. Operational weather oyer
" loeate4. airfields.
§~
".. l'.
~ t:
o
"!'/ ..1- f1M of mi!!lslOD. whether experience shows that when
~. g ()Jr

§ .••. liE ;..

• daf.
... "
1l ....t rt 10/10 aver cast exIsts over tighter

~ Ii
airfields the .MIIlY righters do not
~ • 8 ~

.
1l ..• •o
... E
.. •
~ t.~tb
...,. of t1me aver enemy come up. Th. enemy's decision to
remain grounded is probably due to

~.
two reasons:

~
"C"'"
~ '" '"iJ: • ~

'!.l ~ ~ ..'" t; "

'" ·~
~ 111
•
S, llt1tUlle of B_29a.

5, 'l&bter escort.
a. Operational lOUd that . ,
)CCl1l' on take otr and landing in
.f!'
... '" ·8 °
~ ·~ ·bo •
..ill ·8
i
;t0ar operational ....ther.
~
l( ·~ · '"
8 iJ
.0 T. PCI'U.tlon of 11-2911.
~ 11.. nt of !!Iurpr1s••
b. Nil to sull ..OdD' or 1Doo
terceptloD tbat could be efrected.
.•.'"... •
t, Put
'.......
...o
.ii
~

·'"'"
~
.'" ~
ill 8 :;:
~.

II
bat UP8l'leace •
~;;;-
~ .. q 1A ttl, rou wIll be treated
~. lab.:
3.
dO¥.
T1II8 at a1151(11. oiIb' or

'"'" ·"'" n1&bt u..i_

• OWIng p&l'qraph8. •• know that CD
'" '" not 0D11 are tbere l.-r . . ,
~ II
""-. loc.ted.'t
"ICh 0Ql0
types ot Jap
~ a~ vound area. 'percental.
1&11_' airl>Ol''' but111o, ...
... ... . . Sf It 9a t17. at la.tuoe;{lOD1 .ttOt-,
al1'oratt 18 s:..r
... ... ... ...
~! ;8
lower. 'l'be to\a1 ....
*... .
eel is
"'" " lOt U >aU len
....~ or.= that the la:r_ _18.' 0

.! ,
~ It, II the '1'0_7 aireratt are
.. ~~!8t t1""'0 area and tbat
......~ het'e. ~~r 0Pposl tloa
8I'ate tight ..
'a _t1gb_
prObol>l7 eo. lit
matel1 30 are ia. . . fOIIJO ....
15-20 1D till 01. . . . . . . . , . . .
eo-ss la. l\J11Ibu probe'll w .....

1•
••
Cia' m1nll1& m1551009. CUr experience ot attack becollles expect greater in- ~. I!;l.ement ot surprise. ..
lIldlea't8S that on night missions to can all the inter l~ 011' ~aY the t time more
tbe ToJqO and Osaka-Nagoya areas meet us but they ~:Ptot'a t :1~ It is apparent that the Jape
or !;otIt~l00 for bYe been vectored to have two to t1ve hours warning of
tbe total nwnber airborne (1ght- by the amOunt or ~~te.)'~l "\ ~~ fill h~~act. By maintain- our approach. However, by maintain.
era Is roughly halt the number or climb to a higher al, !lIIt"l~ riP~ of CO lJIe differential be- ing patterns of approach tor various
t1&hterS sent up durtl1! daylight scend. IbJd. ~\ ~ .1111~ t
strikes and the D\Ulber ot attacks
11 eve!l less. On night missions
'", Squadrons I groupS
~. f\leetedl~nemY'S capabilities
ifl'OfiI1I" the n dll be reduced
targets we can keep the enemy f'rlXil
gueSSing which target is to be
bombed, and conseqUently reduce the
Also on night missions more at_ tighters can stay up 1 tilt ho.. ~ ICurcep~~o 18 due to the fact nwnbpl' of attacks oecurina in the
tacks ~e IIIade on our taU than ot our cClnP&Jo&t1velh O~l er b&....... ,-.tU' Ttl divldual enemy fighter target area.
darln& 4ay miSs10ns. In addition.
ot attack (6,000 .. "I llIltiii"'" 11II we 1II time to get into 9. B-29 experience.
Thus by relllalni!l& a1l'b 10,01:1] r: 1 lell
tile Baka! rockets and ~suspeDdlne:" t1me the Japs can llIake Ot'lwi a lOll; til 'til','
Ili od a
r hIS next attack. Probably the best indicatlon or
balls of tire have maoe their ap- consistent With lore at~ what interception the Jep fighters
pearance during night missions. ,. twal tormati ons should
F'),I'thermore. because ot the Japs I and good vectQt'in:~Ulltloolltl~ (I rltt~ed to be extent poss ible will offer is the B.29 experience
1~8dequat8 vectoring system during II adctlillterCeptors have made et- on recent missions io the areaa
n1sht mUsions the B_29s coned by 6. Fighter eSCort. *,1lI~ ,tragglerS as far out as under consideration.
lIearcbl1r;hts may receive 8 concen-
tratIon of attacks. At present tightv estort ~ .11" out to sea. OUr experience indicates that
s1sts ot three grOUps or bI "- (I oat willS efforts the aircraft
the follOWing number ot Intercep_
or time over eDelllY based on two. l'he1.1' radius ~ i!!llt d!1& 11'111 axiomatically re- tors are normally all'borne against
4. Length
territory. t10n w111 permit escort to
yo and Osaka-NaRon lr6lll • .IJ
\bot: !tift aU of the eoemy's intercep- our strikes, assuming operational
weather over Jap all't1eld!l.
l'tlet'8 two 01' more wi118S make
ApprOXimately 95 percent or all good operational ",ather,tlo;:: ~s ill the same area they will
attacks by enem;y tighters occur ba- should be able to neUtl'al!u tlttt ~ rtcei'1e a rougbly propor. Tokyo area 150..160
tween landfall and land's end. and
practically SO percent ot all at_
tacks are made 1n and around the
opposition in the Toqo "'Ill
one group should Pl'OYlde
the Nagoya arM~ CD. ret'fIi "-
e_
It
I!I'W sllare ot total enemy inter-
11I11011, Hence,on a max:1m.um effort
~t urb&ll Tokyo the Japs may
Osaka-Nagoya area 75.100

target area. By reducing the amount m1ss10n two roups or WIl.'~. IIUP 160 tlghters but each wing K\1re area 30-40
countered 14. enemy r1.&blmll •• l.otuclpted by not more than
or t1me B-29S spend over the Japan-
ese hOll1elaDd the Japs have le5s time the B..29s met 40 Jeps,sOllt rI-.
were among the 141 ellCOl1Ilill'lll_
"meratt. F'Urthermore I each group
!1Md1 nll& will probably receive
Northern Kyushu 30.40
in which to effect their intercep_
~ions and consequently they make the Mustangs. ~ tlnr eneounters, probably DOt Southern v'"'shu
.~w 21 30_40
.. tbio 40 - 50. (I
~ewer attacks than with a longer
overland run. Naturally, the time A1.r uni t.s receivillg dirltt flf,
spent over enemy territary depends ell' escort w111 recll" nil tl.i
pr1Jnar1l1 on the location of the nterception.
target.
With Salle Mustangs att&:~
For example, if our target is enemy pacer planes there sblJll!~
tbe lIitsubishi Aircraft Plant near a reduction in the amount or Wfo
Tokyo, eitber ot the down-wind or mation relayed to ene~ fl&ttulll
up-Wind approaches will permit the flak defenses.
strongest tighter reaction. It our 7. Formations tlOl'D b7 8-2'.
target were located nortb of Tokyo,
sueb as the Kor1yana. Chemical Plant
01' south of Tokyo, such as any 1n~
lIaxlmum etfort!! IIa1Dl t tbI f'j.
dustrial plant on Sh1mada peninsula yo and osaka-IJaSoya &f'II... ~ -rlill all On_
cOlllplet8ly swup the e~ I~
so that the laSt tcr-a~lO";
.e .ould require much less over: '-.tmooUlb
land tlling and consequently sus- t !' 110M or a D.
~ til, ll'l8tb,
tain lese interception. the ta1'Set area Ifill race " 'I

weak opposition. ~ ~, '99th

S. Alt1tude ot B-29s. On daylight aUl10dl t~ ~~ PUoted bJ
flown tormations .111 ~~:"t' 1
't4.J. , Caz, h •
est firepower dete Dllf .....
'nle tlUIlIber and types ot ena
tilbte:ts that can intercept us e~ d~
:":l~lll,<
.... " 11.
.p
hct1vel;y tall ott when our B-29s
interceptors. ll..... ~t 1._
tll 21_25.000 teet or hlgber Con It 1s believed th6~ lJ II
'1181'sI11,tor all practical p~poses­ tighter escort, tb8 t ,~
lead tormations aqtJ:=t rJ ~

.
• Ucond and ti t 1 '
:~t~o~~ghrtere ~:D"i~:r~:~to~ less than the fUll etba1 tU~
•
,
eat. As OUr altitude ception. 'l"he s8't
,
"
,r-- ",-
.,
~e?:~~]
V.l.l FIGHTER
"lfindOlf" d1sp~OMJ'AIrD l

1iJ?adu
,
". -...:..,' ,"

INTELLIGENCE""~';;'
planes prOduced ell b,~: "-
anrthing preyi an 'rr • ~
dar operators. ~1:P' "'II ~
tered radar int' OPtr.~-',
S r
blanked the entir tll'r..l"'ao. ~
rrOlll the VI! Fighter Command on onds and after it' tco,. tat 10~

.Vl··"'::~~1~1I0D DIYISID T~ ~R~TI.I1J

Iwo C<D85 a report of very effective "
use of an apparently new type of ... not 1n
radsr oounter-measure by Jap planes
attacking the 1518n4. Rere's the
_., --- ~~~crHifd
f#~
~~ I~
eec::IUnt:
I'our P_61.9 ot the 549tb Night an'. t::otorious- EAST TO OPERATE
P'ltlter Squadron on the night of 21 Il&~t d't10~countered (Perl' Jap- To borrow a phrase trill Po lar
May scrambled to intercept bogies 1 bid ,etther e t.he selection or Mechanics l!agaZ:1M,'this aJl~tul
rsp)rted to be approaching fran the A recentlJ' capturlG IttIlW ~ ~eesslta~condar1 radar aim1ng 1s easy to construct and opentt.
north. control vectored. the night tended tar P'RAn PUote ~_ ... ;JI.f'1 or Ii XXl BomCom miSsions. despite tbs !'l"1gbten1D8 na::e 1t &oe~
tl~ter! until AI contacts were iDStl'uctlollS tor ti&btllll \bI~ l'l1l:t5 ror a hotOgraphy .or XXI Bom by - "The Radar Dual Scanning alld
made, but effort, to close tor vis- and sCI:Ile Jap pertonanct t~, IS OIl scope ~s was available at Plotttn.g Device'. It 19 accurate
uals were unsuccesstul because of
the etfective use ot radar counter-
the Superfort. ,.l&l1 lt :tc(lllbat operat10ns
1IC1Cft1n& collection and process-
speedy and flax1b1e. One un oper~
ates 1t and haa plotted as many u
measures and evasive maneuvers
whlch began when the bogies were
Under the head10C .a.tt
points" the FRAJl Pilote .....
lsIl tall 1nformation has taken
~or tll isultaneous!y with cOalbat
750 scope negat1ves ill 0DlI da,..
projects and tocuses an enlarcld
It
abo.lt 30 miles frCD base. structeCi to attack tNIl. ~ ,ace sa Although the goal is bage ot the Scope negatln on a
angle, rrent and btlOl'. Po!.JrW, ~~on:~ope~Photo coverage or lnap ot the general area. When thII
As the bogies came within range attack recommended .." .~ ~11 lSI ElIlpire, XXI BomCom outstanding features ot the 'COpl
ot the anti_aircraft detenses, the edge ot the w11lg wharl 1\ III. :':0.. :: wlet areas have natur_ negative correspond with Uke tNt-
Di~t tighters were vectored away. tached to the fuselag•• !XP1oll" ~bHn ,ivln tirst pr10rity 1n U1"~ of tbe lII8P, the center ot the
All attempts to intercept those en- oxygen tanks 1n the ba.b M1 (-. IUtilon ot ",ubject matter"" proJecMd IlO88e ot the naptive il
em, aircraft which survived the the trailing edge or the 11II),' marked Oil the map, IlPd th, coord1n...
ant1..aircratt tire were without
avail.
There were also som, slCbUIll tU:-
tor canputIn,; lead, fls 'i' ,,1 SOlI or the methods end devIces
K to correlete the enormous a_
a:t rS scope.photo intelligence
ates are e81111y read and annotated.
All the nacat1ves trOll e silllle
"radar run" are plotted on ODe up,

_ Ii rJ~!I/i--~
:::lla!:tl.1 belng procured are out_ or set ot up sections. which be...

"---IJ
'Ji" .~@!!! . ~... -.
::----::..~ '\.------.J
ff.
1!»ll berl.

Scope llelatlves are obta1ned

Wh by Slp&1"I.te Radar Reconnais_
... 11551011I and by B-29s flying
"I2le.. eOllbat 1II1ss1otl!l. Negatives
comes a perlll&nent record or that
run.
Technical details ot the coa-
s tructlon and operation ot the all-
paratus rill be tOllIld with tbe Ie-
A'recent radio broaCieast announced that our Navy tigbte: ~~o;::: till seope photography taken by
_tt at the XXI BomCom are ror_ COlllpBD¥1tl& dradnc and pbotocra)llU.
countered a -Dew- type t1ghter whleh out_speeded our P'6Ps Ill'" l.~' -W l-.dlate1y after processln« CCRHELATIOJl OF SCOPE paaroo
K1U'hu. It 1s posSible that rather than a new plane it was e1t1ler ,sJII:
" ~,~
George In the hands or SOble or the lew remaining flrstcW!~!:?1I _ ~ Illterpretat10n Photo Lab to the Coal.
who Itot better performance out of them. For purposes ot c<a.-- I Unit at Guam. When ttle Dept1't'es ot -.cb rl4U'
art aClDe performance figures:
le:n ot the scop, operetor's log run tlaye bien plotted on I up or
b belQded -ith each roll ot tllm. seri8!J or up sectiODS, tbll plot
FRANK JACK GEOROE F6F-~ W!:1 PlIOBLEI O!" PLO't'rING
19 checked 1Ia1tl.St a . . tar plo\
Thill lII&Ster plot coast.sts of·P
2000 SP 2100 BP nctions cCW't1'IDl all m B.c-
Engine 1970 HP
S,L.
lB7!5 HP 1970 HP
S.L. S.L.
S.L"
S' to ~ ~Otl' to aainta1n a usetul l"oute and tarllt areu pbotGP'• •
Rate ot
5.1.
:3 .4" to 3. 000' b- : '''U'bIt scope photos, 1t o~ tl'ansparent tn. ctlli: bUl ~.
2.7" to 5.5" to ~
Cllllb
sr." 0
10,000 '
422 aph
2.6" to
10,000
425 mph'
19,1588'
407 mph
10 000' '"!
386 IDph :~ ~I
pII It_
""~t "'i
5&1',
~K'ocr'Pb1C
ll
to
plot on a Ill8p the
loeation ,ot the
nqatbe. 'nle scope
1 ttv.. ) ~t t h l ' . sCfale at till
plottiq . .pl. ~ 1ti art t.a41O&titd
the poe1tIODl or all prerloal lOope
A titude
S.L.
22,000'
3M mph
26,250'
350 mph
19.686'
340 mph?
17.400' 359 apia
344.ph U 600' ~101!lc\ 08 11 ot asSistance In pbot0ll'apbJ,
t.e !toba.tberleneral location, but
Service
CetlIn,;
39,000' 39,600' 40.000' 37,300'
6_5OO'a1,
,
,
;
,,,,",,
d41
~t!lltel 0 etVIDln1ng the uact
t:! tor....... a laborious and un..
BJ' the uaaiD6tilO1l ot ......
u:.:nI;'::
Armament 2-12.7mm 4.2omm 4-2Omm ~lbId 1~ task until the device radar l"UIl plot tIU'OQItl
~~:tk ~iOlr "'s ent..,ter plOt, it 11 _
2·2Omm (QlE
\7 deVised and put
~oto, 'hA,P. Gl'lttith or the tVll1Ded wh.tbIr ttll - . " "
atln, art of 1Iy1rl1D" .",...,.

. 'c Unit.

11
or ert ot area_ alrtl•
~ ()("'i S't(J>2.,.ONS'UI.' Wh.1.1' ~::~~~D..AIIDI"'"
'f ttv over and t~
,1,,1 I'"
Four survivor! .mo balled out of tour Rute, a tutdecl, !l;ell PI'
a 4~th Group B.29 w1th~r spitting kibitz. Thr~~ared on ~th.,~
raf18l' of the Hoo.shu shore were res- cUseretely 0 or the.' I~'
cued 1n good shape by a submarine one· attacked D. bthe a14'1 tt..~_1i
10lr~llg lzlea-'-'
~ant ou.t:rltt~
on 5th June. The rescued men are and its oceU
Lt. J. Z. Kesckes, Lt. J. P. DuffY, with no de.

vJ/4J>~~
Lt. C. J. Duveen and staff sergeant a dlspatch~ceiO either' U111l.'.l,
A. J. Libert. submarine. \!'ed floCll k~ t......
'!he 73rl1 Wing aircraft had bcmb- After a car, lts::t
ad robe, and on its 'II'8y out fran sub anO two COVlU' flU alll~
the target spun tnto the water additional survl Plane, 'Il'tI,
and exploded just ott the coast at dumb~ gave chas:Ol'I, tb.~
'ttl8 waist and took otr 1n 8 h and the~'"
~k ~
34_5 HI 136-30 E.
~
taU guMers were badly wounded and estlng tale for lI1tb Iln nup1nO orficer, who a period endin8 with the
it 15 lmprobable that they could This ick e S-2a. :to Jot
nth the OSAFFE in eve of the invasiotl ot the
have jumped, while it is belteveCI
that the pilot and co-pilot also
_ent in w1th the plane.
.--
Jap homePsh -up _a8 the el
d tftft.) a to date. *'
:w ~ later lived for
rescue effe~~e~ ot all7 XlIQ$~~ ,:authan a year a8 a feted
~11ll Japen uncl.er poltte
l:.'t5!, hi' made hiS way
\
~_
PhilipPines. However, in
the absence of much intor_
mation COOling out ot Japan
it is reproduced here trom
the S.W.P.A. Intelligence
~~
- Id Into Al11ed territory.
~ copioUS diary, supplemented by
l!'d'/let, provides the material
~l: tlds article on the homeland
-.-....
Summary. No attempt is made to
evaluate the material. It should
be remembered however. that it is
III It.! people as he ssw them. Un- an individuai·s opinioo. expressed
~r.=.atel1, the report covers only for publication.
TWO.RAFl'81lJLl , .,
1&~~ till 0IlI' (orce" finally surren_
b.l1II Batean in 1942, Lt. B. or
'/I !Mllpp1nes ArIllY set out in a
adve:rt1SiIl8 their plan to select
rrOll:l all occupied countries a few
hand_picked pensionados -- that 15,
.u eran trying to escape to Ba- Asiatic youths who would "tudy in
1Ips. 1I1s boat was intercepted. Japan for one or more years and
.*'uIl.
'1Jlpanm destroyer which hauled.
A year later he was in
... .l brief narrative of how he
then return to their own lands des-
tined tor leader"hip. Lt. B. wall
nominated as a P1l1pioo peo.siODBdo
.. tbe~l, and beck, is of interest and, atter a few months in schools
Iftt discussing what he reports Whose regimen anll curricula had a
liaT1JIc seen anO sensed. Single obvious purpose, the group
set saU frOID flantla, lIebarkeli at
!U c:tpture 1IllS ilD.lDediately fol_ Voji, and proceeded by rail and
~ b7 seYeral months in a total through the ShilioDosekt Tunnel to
eOllcentration camps, whose Toqo. where they arriTed in J'llly
t lortallty rate was ex_
All 12 crewmen ot a ditched 73rd Cfl ~~ ..b1 the count of haran_ 1943.. ...c5r';>'isf?
1J1D£ B-29 wera afloat on the two I tor the Asiatics".
raf~ in the above photo. 'ftl.ey were ~ber ot the imprisoned. ot_
, lltludine: Lt. B., were
picked up by a rescue DE in Northern
Var1anas waters a tew hours atter ~hl'td IJInesty1t they Would.
III ~l1ipPines cons tabulary.
ditehing there on 1 June. The dit-
ched aircratt
capt. B. K. Yount
was commanded by
ot the 498th
~1It I:·._'l'he released. lDen
."q. e "4... itting (which "as,
GrCllp. This photo and the ODe at 'J !b J:r. o
t1 . c~Q ot iDd.octrina_
I. Itttr tt III pUrported war
II tlle e:i;~ they began sarv...
the lett, which shows the DE whlle
being guided by Superdumbos to the Ulery. o;;-;~; '9
rescue, were taken trCID a B-29 cm-
118r.4.d by Kajar J. P. Faris, 875th ro "'" .leb d1llll WlII
- -
'''1pi........ _
Squadron, 498th Group. (Cont1.den-
.._
~1h til
lIll> JAPAN ,....... Iii'"
tlal) tb.11' oS. -"'"
e JaPanese were bua7 'rbe. bacI _ _ . . . . ot.-
'tures on Japan, followed by a for ..
ul aod well_escorted tour to all
major cities and some rural areas.
Opal completion of the tour, a few
or the peD.9ionedos were ordered
home. Lt. B. was appointed aide tc
a minister in the puppet government
of the Pbillppines and moved with i t
to BaguiO prior to our Lingayen
Gult' landing. Shortly thereafter
botb he aod the minister sllenUy
sUpped away into Allied-~1d terri..
tOlY.
AIR WA.Fl IN JAPAN
Air raid jrills were already be-
il16 held with sober thoroughness
whan the pensionados arrived in
Japan. Big posters containing rec_
ogll1tion silhouettes of U.S. planes
were posted in profusion in stores
aD:! other places of traffic. Black-
ou~ practice was perfect and every
hone and. bu1ldlng equipped
li~ht-t1ght curtains.
with
There were plenty of buckets,
ropes and ladders i but they
ttl" only Air Raid Precaution
equipment Lt. B. ever saw. In \!I.~
addition, contrary to RalHo - """
Tokyo. there were very few
S01Dd public shelters in Tokyo.
Imtead,every house had a fox-
hole. (These would not seem~'
tc give complete satisf8ction~
itl such raids as the city ex_ . , before raids on tll~t.
perienced recentl,..) ),
, soundiD8 0
The tire department appear_
ed quite efficient and well_
et:;uipped to Lt. B. An accidentaf
tire broke out once near his dormi_
tory. The firemen did not save any
of the burning building, but they
d1d prevent the blaze from spread-
ing. It 'It'as such a slll8ll affair
however. that no deductions could
be made from it in relation to a
1&rge incendiary raid.
LONG ALERT IN TORIO
On 16 June 1944 the air raid
Sounded in Tokyo. It was caused by
the tirst B-29s heading for Kyushu.
The people of Tokyo did not re_
ceive it too calmly f and the con-
tLnued absence ot Allled planes
'It'1thout an all-clear increased their
---.
t~nsion. ThPl amaZing aspect or this
.
first B..29 ratd
alert was so.tnded. "'s Ilot
1t was maintainedin 'ro~o bo<"'t_
16th and then on tlu-ll!J(b \ ~
t:l.lght of the 17 th into tbe ~ "
Ib.g of the 18th ;bIt lila UlI~ IliI
tel' the B"Z9s 'lef~t 30 h~'"
the all.. clear fiI1aU'.)'l:labn, ...r.
untOUched Tokyo. ~ lila 11~'"
16th and 17th mOSt 11l!; &U \
actiVities and. peOPle ~~tt~
paUBe of Sl,lJ3pense. On ta..lIQ
the 18th, an alert_ ~~ lI1tl~
but lvaS of brief durattOfl.1Il ~
Th ereatter drllla
evacuation was hastetl~IItt-...~~
creation of flrebreaq I 'lit, * ~lC tra~i~ more energetically
The Japanese c'lled tha tl~
"eVacuation or bUlldillp'~
the breaks were Dlade bJ _~
blocks of houses around '1~
stallations. Lt. B. sa, *bu.
mol1tion. Each ot tile 0IatI,
the houses. _i th fim
elltl'Q, /til
his own home en sOllQlt l!l:'
elsewhere Without a ,~ot~
plaint. Lt. B. was tolcl tun.
owners received part1al COlptlllll:a
rrom the gonrDlent.
As the ~shu raids cot.
without any attackS ot TIJt,
the towns people cle,,1.aped,..
sonal indtrferenee H II
radio reported that B-291:
over ~shu. It ..., ~
island f8}\~~,.~::t ,• . ,
tilt •
Strangely. hOW~_I.
ing was sounded octal'''.
~ter'.1ardS but ~r1~ebrot ~ IIIIlte
raid ,185 bei!'18 c
the Bonins.
CRASRED B-2' EXIIIJllI'
A crashed 0.29 . , pI-'
and brought to Tolqo tor ~ ~ Parts II l! or made particular
as one of the "hundredS·-";
The people rUShed to
t:Ilt:'1o
thoUBandS. Acccrd1llC to ~ • -u: bUt n
however, the1l' prid. 1D -ii'! I\IilJtetloll or :erous enterprises.
ment represented by ~~ 'l~&rid not e City that he viS ..
of the B_29" te·JIGI~~ jII!:' 1IIal!~ & h'-e::~ fblo CkD, were
8b17 by the b......•
1ts thick enaal' .nd"-
~'I
mente
un't l't,::,1
"It.s biS,
one Japanes • c_' ts4
convers8'tion.
in prl.ate faOes of vis i-
:Jl(I~:4 th8\:~~t1on reflected
I ;I~ th ll ex:
n glee i they
'Slat IlfIrnUs th: that raids by
~ ... ,Olll thll paper continuing in
~- tr CII e version. At eS~ed pride i~ ~~: ~e
rJ' ..,mothS "erd Just acrOSs th e
... 'al ll
'I .",
Ulan
d Sal'
~ sne ss among tHe peo-
11 eonlcio\.l t1DJ.ule.ted 1n 8 more
,1f1.S also s Airplane model
,.'~f'U1 ve10'ularized successfUlly
~dWflS P~~t this program was
~ b(l1s, 1 different from those
~b11l1tt/ states and Britain.
&pe uoite on the other hand
tJ'CII0:n,. other country except
_1tI ar=an1 Glider schools
"",...,s G ued •on 8 substantial
. . o:g~ll contests of all sorts
JCI1ear:~ regularly _. and not with-
JP's.:eeau. The results have Dot
~ tfldatlt thus tar in JapanJs
l:l!itt actiVit1e!.
THE WAR grFORT
It B. bad no access to any vital
~~t10tl on the war erfort, ex_
1I;:to: hiS 119corted viSlts
IlCt\1l'lu. The pensionados were in-
to
meted not to talk to the workers
Ill, although Lt.B. surreptitiously
"llatfld the order. his lack of
~esl knowledge prevented him
~ totlll4l anything ot particular
Ilb!, He d1d report that the hand-
lli( equ1IQant seemed good i there
~phnt7 of lifting machinery for
1_llrs P1.&ne parts about the fac-
-,. Plants operate 24 hours.
E1! lOst
1 certain observe tioD was
ltlCl'l~ teemeal factories which he
'-U ill U large in number. very
lite and :~zel and haphazard in
1t:e Icrksho ructure. 110st of them
!~1 a!s,=~i ~n the home, where 8
~ ISsee' enbers of neigh_
n~~ jOin~t;io~S may have parti..
n Some of these
~ • but Sail! e actory.
~ I:tl, that th he sa" no direct
He
t'otl-':;I't eoord~ efforts of these
'aency. nated by an oftl_
~ool
ehlldren
too had been
'tlU'nea to s1m
vertised in ilar Work. U
cealed in sevthe papers antas
ad.
ed. The stUd er~l Schools he Ilneon.
than stUdy a~ s put in more ''iS1t~
teacher Pr~f both the abar
Japanese Army ~trt ot the SChools 1.
ing the output. car 1r&! inspee~
SHORTAGE'"
Certain shorts
1a; appeared evide~~sr in war mater.
e s manner ot l1v rClll the peep.
there was less th n ina. or coal
was none tor home: a l1ttle; there
partment stores or or llVen for de.
Lt. B. almost fr public bullclinp
l!inistry bUlldin:ze once in the ".;
ature goes do'llTl t Tokyo'S temper_
age of fuel or 0 0 zero. A short.
indicated by the the~lIl8terials was
absence of CiV111' ost complete
streets and by the an cars from the
military vehicles ~U~1t1 llI'en of
regular passell8e;s 0 onell eue
and generals caused on streetcars
They ev&n carried th ~ surprUt.
boxes. Lt. B said e r Olm lllDCh
Army officers' in l!aJ~t ~ll~se
more personal transportation (au:
of it expropriated) than in Tolqo.
STANDARD OF LIVIIfG
The people l1ve poorly. 'nle1r
scale of necessities was below tllat
of t!anlla during the f1J'st ~onth.s
of Japanese occupation. Luxuries
are rue or nonexistent.
Intent on mold1f'l8 the pensioD-
ados properly, the authorities &1..
lotted them anextu ration ot rood.
Even with that,Lt. B. said hU _ t
constant feeling in Japan and bll
Sharpest memory of it was. not a
starved. but an unhappy atlpet1te.
It should be remembered. or course,
that he '11'85 accustcaed to a aore
substantial diet thaD tbe JapeDlt',
who eat sparel1 1n norul tu-t·
The Japanese, hoWlYer, OD the1J' ~
s tandardll. had to tllhten tblw-
seshes (obi). Lt. B. Dff'8I' recti-
801 pure rice cM'lqldl !!bole • •;
it nas alft1S.txecl .Ub ...... : .
tato, beans or 00I'Il _ , . , 1 -
been nourUhilll lId~,1lIII
& .&-..-
the JapaDU4l
theU' sherp 40811'0 . . . .
ALLJO(I)~·
All rood . . _UII".
pr.,cure~ ana cUstribute~ by
neighborhood associations. An in-
the
~iv1~ual family could not go market-
ing for its tood, but just paid its
assessment and took what it recei-
ved without choice or com'l1ent. 'lb.e
black market was stealthily micro-
scopie contrasted with that of most
Allied nations. Some of the wealth-
ier families would t9,ke tl"ips to
the ?rovlnces and smuggle back a
few c3ickens and eggs but the whole
subje~t waS taboo. There were no
legitlmate bypaths tor sidestepping
the Slort rations. Virtually all
resta~ants were closed by the time
Lt. B. left in October last year.
Re heard that the army was fed well
in the homeland. He believes that
most units in the fie~d, although
living entirely off the land, eat
bettl!t" than civilians do at home.
The clothing situation was worse.
There were no shoes 01' woolen goods.
Vaids or otner personal servants
were not allowed since these people
could otherwise be in factories.
I'IHAT THE JAPANESE THINK
Lt. B. said he tried to like the
Japacese but, for a few half-excep-
tions, he could not. They were too
humorless, too grim. It was regar-
ded as unseemly, he said, to appear
happy. Smilas were frowned upon.
Psychological release by griping
was forbidden by con5eDStlS. Tokyo.
and all of Japan tnat ne saw. was
cold sober with the war.
It October 1944. well after Pa-
lau and lforcta i were clearly los t
and the Philippines obviously im-
periled,the Japanese still believed
that they could not lose the war.
Any 1dea of invading the United
States or Australia. which were
still popular possibilities in the
middle of 1943, had disappeared a
year later, but faith in victory
remained.
'l'he Japanese follow the war geo_
graphically. Battle-line maps are
posted conspicuously in the town
areas. The steady retreats ere .v_
ident aad known to the people, tb.
n.wspapers do not attempt to hide
th... But this is balanced by the
p.QPle's beliet in HQ boz scor.s.
The Allies are
spread thernselv l'ega~ad
" "
vances and attrl~s thin tha" btl!..
tion is take lOll, ~rllll~:':'l
ments that A.I!l~ in ottie clt!.~
production P8llkl'lca. haa r~ S'-!.~
not worry wheth~l' 'l'he J'Jle,eh'd~
fletent for their this pee.k~e ~
conf'use the peakOIrll lleteat S';!.
the rope. Wlth the' ~
And then there 1
",
Lt. B. was freQuent~ the si~l
D Day in Europe, that tOld, lt~
not be ccmpare~ wl th ~r.a1lJ e"'l
Germans __ althoqh aPln beet:;
diers -- dld not posa:;el1e~t!:].
ase spirit. They b theJ!;Jt.
the uniqueness or th:'~ 110 d:t,.'1 l.l
of the method or 1411I1~1Ilelb11l~
interesting to note tha~~' It~
ing was expreSSed bet 1! tit!.
air attacks were atte~i:d51ltr:~
atlcally. sntll.
SU5CEPTIBL!:: TO THOUGHr ccmQl
Lt. B. lent cont1.nletlO1l \0*
frequently reported asurtl~!:II
the Japanese are, by cuatOl alll &r
parently by temperueIlt, docU~
susceptible to the rlgorous 'tIlrtl
control- program of the S01'e."Qrl
The Japanese bel1eve that et~
.3 oldiers act as benevolellt li_
tors in the occupied eOWltlles III
that they are admired ao:I surr_
With expressions or gratltu:!eltl
the Asiatics. Lt. B. 5t1oeklld:
Japanese, whom be reprcled as
tern and liberal_aladed, t::
h ira or face-slappiDA lact JaD!l'.
expropriation of propert)'lJl ....
He reported that eveD the ror"
....
r::P:(lQM#I
ternized Japanese (SQa
play American lIlUSic 50 ~ "
behind closed dom)
war with vigor and do D
outCOllle. ,
...........'
'ftle1r failure to • petll~
try to understan4, ;:ploet'_~
was cc.plete. Tb' lot1t1 1PfI"'.-,-t
ot their om super Cblt C!lIl1"
without SUSp8ctlDl t Of d1SlllI li'
5io08dos might r ••• a_loatl!af~
the clalm. Thes'
tially weI'. r. c
r..
to:' ttl'
..,... ~
1d... and 01111.. ;"p.ri:\.",
tr ines of the C:;'••OGI)
but all of th." ¢L r
by the JapaD••••