Middle Technical University AC & DC Drives

Electrical Engineering Technical College 2nd Course

Electrical Power Technical Engineering Dept. Mohammed D. Altamemi
Experiment No. 1
Speed Control on DC Motor by
Single Phase Half wave controlled Rectifier

1-1 AIM:
To obtain response of firing angle control of thyristor based DC drive
connected to DC motor.
1-2 Apparatus:
i. Matlab Simulink
ii. Thyristorised DC drive (Single Phase half wave Rectifier)
iii. DC motor
1-3 Specifications:
Table 1.1
DC Drive DC motor
Thyristorized Single Phase half wave Armature voltage: 240V DC
Rectifier: 0-220V DC
Diode Bridge Rectifier : 220V DC Field Voltage: 150 V DC
Speed: 1750 RPM
Power: 5 HP

1-4 Theory:
Many industrial applications such as steel-rolling mills, paper mills and traction
systems etc, make use of controlled DC power. DC power is obtained earlier from
motor-generator sets or by thyristor rectifiers. The advent of thyristors has changed
the art of ac to dc conversion.
Presently phase controlled ac to dc converters employing thyristors are
extensively used for changing constant ac input voltage to controlled dc output
voltage. Here a thyristor is turned off as ac supply voltage reverse biased it, provided
anode current has to fallen to a level below the holding current. The turning off or
commutation, of a thyristor by supply voltage is called natural commutation or line
commutation.
Phase controlled concept is implemented by generating and triggering
thyristor by firing pulse at desired firing angle. Firing angle of thyristor is measured
from the instant it would start conducting if it were replaced by a diode. Firing angle
may be defined as the angle measured from the instant SCR gets forward biased to
the instant it is triggered. A single phase half wave controlled converter is used in
this experiment to vary voltage applied to DC motor, as shown in figure 1.1. Single
phase half wave controlled converter has an advantages of freewheeling action is
present inside converter itself, which improves p.f of circuit.
The average output voltage of semi converter is given by:

M.D.
Middle Technical University AC & DC Drives
Electrical Engineering Technical College 2nd Course
Electrical Power Technical Engineering Dept. Mohammed D. Altamemi
as the firing angle to thyristors varies from (00-1800), average output voltage
from controlled rectifier converter changed (Vm/π – 0) volts.
than speed control of dc motor can be done by firing angle control from
relation

, Where

Fig.1.1 Single phase half wave rectifier with DC Motor

Also, the output torque of motor is:

and , where B = fractional losses

So as load torque increased, the speed of motor decreased.

1-5 Procedure:
Connect circuit as per circuit diagram shown in figure 1.2:

Fig.1.1 Circuit diagram for firing angle control of thyristorised DC drive

M.D.
Middle Technical University AC & DC Drives
Electrical Engineering Technical College 2nd Course
Electrical Power Technical Engineering Dept. Mohammed D. Altamemi
1. Connect supply of 220 V, 50 Hz to DC drive
2. The dc drive consist of a thyristors (Ron=0.001Ω, Vf=0.8V, Rs=500 Ω,
Cs=250×10-9 F), and freewheeling diode (Ron=0.001Ω, Vf=0.8V, Rs=500 Ω,
Cs=250×10-9 F).
3. DC motor block is designed in matlab simulink, chose the configuration as
specified in table 1.1.
4. Connect pulse generator to thyristor with [amplitude=10, period=1/f, phase
delay=α/(360×f) ]
5. Connect output of DC drive to armature and field supplies of DC motor
6. Inter the values of (mechanical load= ML, α= alpha, and frequency=f) in the
command window of Matlab.
7. Run the matlab simulink diagram at no load (ML=0) and vary firing angle α
nub around 2mints.
8. Record in the table 1.2 speed of motor for each value of α
Table 1.2
Va (V) Speed of Torque Ia (A) If (A)
α
motor (N.m)
(degree)
(RPM)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
9. Reply the step (8) above with loaded DC shunt Motor (ML=2), and then
record the results of speed in table 1.3.
Table 1.3
Va (V) Speed of Torque Ia (A) If (A)
α
motor (N.m)
(degree)
(RPM)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180

10. Fixed the firing angle α at 30o, and then try to change the load on the motor
and notice the effect on speed. Record the result in table 1.3.

M.D.
Middle Technical University AC & DC Drives
Electrical Engineering Technical College 2nd Course
Electrical Power Technical Engineering Dept. Mohammed D. Altamemi
Table 1.4
TL (N.M) Speed of motor (RPM)
0
5
10
15
20
1-6 Discussion:
1. Used the same matlab simulink diagram shown in figure 1.2, with separated
field DC motor, and then reply steps 7 to 10 in procedure. What is your
conclusion?
2. Used the same matlab simulink diagram shown in figure 1.2, with series field
DC motor, and then reply steps 7 to 10 in procedure. What is your
conclusion?
3. How will be the effect of removing freewheeling diode from circuit diagram
in figure 1.2.
4. If we used a single phase full wave controlled rectifier instead of single phase
half wave controlled rectifier, how will effect on the results.

M.D.