RESULTS AND CALCULATION

Part 1: Boyle’s Law Experiment

V1 = 0.025𝑚3 and V2 = 0.01237𝑚3

Condition 1: From pressurized vessel to atmospheric vessel

Pressure before expansion (bar) Pressure after expansion (bar)

Reading Reading Average Reading Reading Average
1 2 reading, PV 1 2 reading, PV
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒
PT1 1.50 1.50 1.50 0.03750 1.32 1.32 1.32 0.0330
PT2 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.01237 1.32 1.32 1.32 0.0163

(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 −(𝑃𝑉)𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟
Percentage difference of PV (%) = | | × 100
(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒

PT1 12.0
PT2 31.8

Condition 2: From pressurized vessel to vacuum vessel

Pressure before expansion (bar) Pressure after expansion (bar)

Reading Reading Average Reading Reading Average
1 2 reading, PV 1 2 reading, PV
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒
PT1 1.50 1.50 1.500 0.03750 1.20 1.18 1.19 0.02975
PT2 0.67 0.60 0.635 0.00785 1.20 1.18 1.19 0.01472

(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 −(𝑃𝑉)𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟
Percentage difference of PV (%) = | | × 100
(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒

PT1 20.7
PT2 87.5
Condition 3: From atmospheric vessel to vacuum vessel

Pressure before expansion (bar) Pressure after expansion (bar)

Reading Reading Average Reading Reading Average
1 2 reading, PV 1 2 reading, PV
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒
PT1 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.02500 0.89 0.86 0.875 0.02188
PT2 0.70 0.60 0.65 0.00804 0.89 0.86 0.875 0.01082

(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 −(𝑃𝑉)𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟
Percentage difference of PV (%) = | | × 100
(𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒

PT1 12.5
PT2 35.6

The law will be proven if (𝑃𝑉)𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 = (𝑃𝑉)𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟

Part 2: Gay-Lussac Law Experiment

Pressure Temperature (°C)

(bar) Pressurizing Depressurizing
Reading 1 Reading 2 Average Reading 1 Reading 2 Average
reading reading
1.11 25.6 24.6 25.10 24.5 24.6 24.55
1.21 26.5 26.4 26.45 24.7 24.9 24.80
1.31 27.4 27.3 27.35 25.1 25.2 25.15
1.41 27.8 27.9 27.85 25.5 25.6 25.55
1.51 28.1 28.3 28.20 26.3 26.3 26.3
1.61 28.4 28.7 28.55 27.0 27.2 27.1
Part 3: Isentropic Expansion Process

Initial Intermediate Final

#1 #2 Average #1 #2 Average #1 #2 Average
reading reading reading
PT1 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.36 1.35 1.355
(bar)
TT1 28.8 29.1 28.95 28.8 28.5 28.65 27.0 26.9 26.95
(°C)