2 Types of Seed Plants

• Angiosperms

• Gymnosperms
 Gymnosperms
• Have cones for reproduction instead
of flowers
• 4 Types
– Cycad
– Ginkgo
– Conifer
– Gnetophyte
 Gymnosperms
• Cycads: look like
ferns except they
have seeds

• Ginkgo: very large

trees found mainly
in China
 Gymnosperms
• Conifers: seeds
are in cones or
berrylike
structures

• Gnetophytes:
shrubs and climbing
vines
 Angiosperms
• Largest group of plant in the world
• Found in all types of climates
• Produce flowers for reproduction
 Angiosperms
• Parts of the flower:
– Sepals
– Petals
– Stamen
– Pistil
 Sepals
sepal
• The sepals protect
the flower before
it opens.
Petals
• The petals
attract
pollinating
insects with
their bright
color and
attractive
scent.
Male Parts
• The stamens are
the male
structures of
the flower.
• Made up of two
parts:
– Anther
– Filament
Male Parts
• Anther: top part
of the stamen,
that makes
pollen.
• Filament: this is
the stalk of the
Anther
Female Parts
• Pistil is the
female structure
of flower that
has 3 parts:
– Stigma
– Style
– Ovary
 Female Parts
stigma
• Stigma:
– The pollen from
another flower
collects on the
stigma’s sticky
surface.
• Style:
– raises the stigma
away from the
Ovary
Female Parts
• Ovary protects the
ovules(egg).

• Once fertilization
has taken place it
will become the
fruit.
 Write the correct words in the boxes:
stamens, stigma, petals, ovary, sepals

pollen where the

sticks to seeds grow
this 5
1

these attract where the

insects pollen is
made 2
4
These protect
the flower
before it opens 3
PLANT REPRODUCTION
Plants Reproductive Structures

• Cones: Gymnosperms
– Female cones contain the ovules which
contains the egg cell
– Male cones contain pollen which are like
sperm cells
• Flowers: Angiosperms
– Pistil: female part of flower
– Stamen: Male part of flower
 Pollination
• Insects visit
flowers to search
for nectar –
their food.
• But the flowers use
the insects for
their own purposes!
• As the insect probes
for nectar, its body
rubs against the
stamens.
• Pollen gets stuck on
the insect’s legs.
• You can often see bees
with a heavy load of
yellow pollen on their
hind legs.
 Pollination
When the insect
visits another
flower of the same
type, the pollen will
stick to the pistal.

This is called

pollination.
Fertilization
The pollen travels
to the ovary, where
it joins with an
ovule.

This is called
fertilization.
 Seeds
• Seeds: the
fertilized egg

• Seed Structure:
consists of a seed
coat, a young plant,
and stored food
Types of Seeds
Types of Seeds
Seeds

• The seeds develop

inside the ovary,
which grows to
become the seed
pod or fruit.
 Seed Dispersal
• The seeds are
dispersed; some by
animals, some by
the wind, some by
explosion and some
by water.