SOURCES OF ENERGY

CONTENT OF THE CHAPTER

 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS A GOOD SOURCE OF ENERGY
 CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY
 FOSSIL FUELS
 THERMAL POWER PLANT
 HYDRO POWER PLANT
 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TECHNOLOGY FOR USING CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY
 BIO-MASS
 WIND ENERGY
 ALTERNATIVE OR NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
ENERGY FROM THE SEA
o TIDAL ENERGY
o WAVE ENERGY
o GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
o NUCLEAR ENERGY
 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
 HOW LONG WILL AN ENERGY SOURCE LAST US?
INTRODUCTION

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

 WHAT IS A GOOD SOURCE OF ENERGY

CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY

The conventional sources of energy are generally non-renewable sources of energy, which are being used since a long
time. These sources of energy are being used extensively in such a way that their known reserves have been depleted
to a great extent.

At the same time it is becoming increasingly difficult to discover and exploit their new deposits. It is envisaged at
known deposits of petroleum in our country will get exhausted by the few decades and coal reserves are expected to
last for another hundred years. The coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity are conventional sources of energy.

FOSSIL FUEL
Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead
plants and animals.
In common dialogue, the term fossil fuel also includes hydrocarbon-containing natural resources that are not derived
from animal or plant sources.
These are sometimes known instead as mineral fuels.
The utilization of fossil fuels has enabled large-scale industrial development and largely supplanted water-driven
mills, as well as the combustion of wood or peat for heat.
Fossil fuel is a general term for buried combustible geologic deposits of organic materials, formed from decayed
plants and animals that have been converted to crude oil, coal, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and
pressure in the earth's crust over hundreds of millions of years.
The burning of fossil fuels by humans is the largest source of emissions of carbon dioxide, which is one of the
greenhouse gases that allows radiative forcing and contributes to global warming.
A small portion of hydrocarbon-based fuels are biofuels derived from atmospheric carbon dioxide, and thus do not
increase the net amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

Coal:

Coal is one of the most important sources of energy and is being used for various proposes such as heating of
housed, as fuel for boilers and steam engines and for generation of electricity by thermal plants.

Coal has also become a precious source of production of chemical of industrial importance coal is and will continue
to be the mainstay of power generation in India. It constitutes about 70% of total commercial energy consumed in
the country.

Oil and Natural Gas:

Like coal, petroleum is also derived from plants and also from dead animals that lived in remote past. Natural gas
has also been produced in the Earth's curst by the similar process as petroleum and this is also a combustible fuel.

The exploitation of oil on a large scale started after 1960, the year when the first commercial well is reported to have
come into existence. In India, efforts made by the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation since the late 1950s have led to
the identification of a number of oil and gas deposits both offshore and onshore. The onshore fields were mainly dis-
covered in the Mumbai, Gujarat, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh and the offshore fields in the sea are the notably
Mumbai High fields such as North and South Basin and South Tapti. Oil and natural gas has also been discovered in
the Godavari Basin on the East Coast and the Barmer district of Rajasthan. The new exploration strategy has been
developed which places emphasis on intensive exploration, survey and drilling in order to add to petroleum reserves
and to argument production.

Natural gas is also emerging as an important source of energy in India's commercial energy scene in view of large
reserves of gas that have been established in the country, particularly, in South Bassein off west coast of India. Natu-
ral gas in also making significant contribution to the household sector. About 30% of the country's output of LPG
comes from this source. About three- fourths as the total gas comes from Mumbai high and rest is obtained from
Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Assam Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan. The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation has made a sig-
nificant hydro carbon finding and Reliance Industries struck gas off the Orissa coast in Bay of Bengal.

Electricity: It is another conventional source of power, which is playing a barometer of a nation's economic well-
being. Availability of abundant electricity means unrestricted growth of industries, transport and agriculture. There
are various sources from which electricity is being produced. Depending upon raw material used, there are three
types of electricity (1) Hydroelectricity (ii) Thermal electricity (steam, gas, oil) (iii) Nuclear electricity.

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TECHNOLOGY FOR USING CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY

BIOMASS

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

 ALTERNATIVE OR NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia

How Long Will An Energy Source Last Us?
We can split our discussion in two directions. We first talk about how long a renewable energy source will last
us. Renewable energy resources are called ‘renewable’ because they are constantly renewed or regenerated. The
energy from the sun, the movement of the waves, the flow of the river – these are some of the activities that
have been happening over millions of years and will continue to happen in the future. They are constant and re-
liable sources. The solar energy, tidal energy, wind energy, hydroelectric energy, geothermal energy, etc. will
never get exhausted as they can be generated at the same rate at which they are being used.
When we talk about the non-renewable energy source, they are limited in quantity. They cannot be renewed
easily once they are depleted. They take thousands of years to be formed. At the present rate of consumption,
these resources will get exhausted in less than a hundred years.
It is very important to use the non-renewable energy resources in a judicious manner. Otherwise, our future gen-
erations will not be left with any of them.

THE END……

Address: House No 370 WARD 7 SAKET NAGAR ALAMPUR LALGANJ, RAEBARELI Website: www.querencia.in

Contact: +91-7897983489 Facebook: www.facebook.com/welcometoquerencia