AIRCONIDITONING

INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINE ERI NG

“Satisfaction lies in the effort, not the attainment.

Full effort is full victory.”
- Mahatma Gandhi
 Properties of Moist Air

ATMOSPHERIC AIR
Total Atmospheric Presure
𝐏𝐭 = 𝐏𝐚 + 𝐏𝐯
𝐃𝐫𝐲 𝐀𝐢𝐫
Total Enthalpy

𝐀𝐭𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐀𝐢𝐫 H t = Ha + Hv
Ht = ma ha + mv hv
Ht = ma ha + mv hv
mv
ht = ha + hv
ma
ht = ha + ωhv
𝐏𝐭 𝐕𝐭 = 𝐦𝐭 𝐑𝐓 𝐌𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭 𝐀𝐢𝐫 hv = hg @ t sat,v
𝐡𝐭 = 𝐡𝐚 + 𝛚𝐡𝐠
 Properties of Moist Air

ATMOSPHERIC AIR
Total Enthalpy
ht = ha + ωhg
kJ Btu
𝐡𝐭 = 𝐜𝐩𝐚 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝐚 + 𝛚𝐡𝐠 kg a
or
lbma

hg ≅ 2500.9 + 1.82 t dba ,kJ/kg

hg ≅ 1060.9 + 0.435 t dba ,Btu/lbm
kJ
cpa = 1.005
kg − K
Humidity Ratio (Absolute or Specific Humidity), 𝜔

𝐦𝐯 Pv 𝐏𝐯 kg v lbmv
𝛚= = 0.622 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐𝟐 kg a
or
lbma
𝐦𝐚 Pa 𝐏𝐭 − 𝐏𝐯
 Properties of Moist Air

ATMOSPHERIC AIR
Relative Humidity, RH
Pv Vv
mv R v T Pv
RH = = =
mg Pg Vg Pg
RgT
Pg = Psat @ t

𝐏𝐯
𝐑𝐇 =
𝐏𝐬𝐚𝐭 @ 𝐭
 Properties of Moist Air

PROPERTIES IF NOT GIVEN:

Enthalpy for saturated water in Btu/lbm (provided tsat is in oF):

𝐡𝐟 = 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝐚 − 𝟑𝟐
𝐡𝐠 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟎. 𝟗 + 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟓𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝐚

Saturation Temperature (in °C) and Saturation Pressure relation (in kPa):

𝟐𝟑𝟕. 𝟕 𝐥𝐧 𝟏. 𝟔𝟑𝟖 𝐏𝐬𝐚𝐭

𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝐚 = 𝐭 𝐬𝐚𝐭 =
𝟏𝟕. 𝟐𝟕 − 𝐥𝐧 𝟏. 𝟔𝟑𝟖 𝐏𝐬𝐚𝐭
Vapor Pressure (in psi or in Hg):

𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐦 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝐚 − 𝐭 𝐰𝐛𝐚

𝐏𝐯 = 𝐏𝐬𝐚𝐭 −
𝟐𝟕𝟎𝟎
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
Properties of Moist Air Problem 1

Calculate the specific volume of an

air-vapor mixture in cubic meters per
kilogram of dry air when the following
conditions prevail : t = 30C, w =
0.015 kg/kg, and Pt = 90 kPa.

𝐦𝟑
Ans: 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗
𝐤𝐠
Properties of Moist Air Problem 2

A sample of air has dry-bulb

temperature of 30C and a wet-bulb
temperature of 25C . The barometric
pressure is 101.325 kPa. Calculate
the enthalpy of the air if it is
adiabatically saturated. At 25 deg C
Pv=3.17 kPa, hg=2547.2 kJ/kg.
Properties of Moist Air Problem 2

h1 = h2

2 𝜔2

25℃ 30℃
𝐤𝐉
Ans: 𝟕𝟔. 𝟏𝟑
𝐤𝐠
Properties of Moist Air Problem 3

A 4 m x 4 m x 4 m room has a
relative humidity ratio of 80%. The
pressure in the room is 120 kPa and
temperature is 35C (Psat = 5.628
kPa). What is the mass of vapor in
the room. Use Rvapor = 0.4615 kN-
m/kg-K.

Ans: 𝟐. 𝟎𝟑 𝐤𝐠 𝐯𝐚𝐩𝐨𝐫
Properties of Moist Air Problem 4

A certain sample of air has a

temperature of 70F (partial pressure
of 0.36 psia) and a dew point
temperature of 50F . The partial
pressure of the water is vapor
corresponding to a 50F dew point
temperature is 0.178 psia. Determine
the relative humidity RH.
Ans: 𝟒𝟗. 𝟒𝟒%
Properties of Moist Air Problem 5

A coil has an inlet temperature of

60F and outlet of 90F. If the mean
temperature of the coil is 110F, find
the bypass factor of the coil.
Properties of Moist Air Problem 5

Bypass Factor (BF)

The inefficiency of the heating coil or cooling coil in not
being to heat or cool the incoming air to the temperature
of cooling coil.
𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐢𝐥 − 𝐭 𝐨𝐮𝐭
𝐁𝐅 =
𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐢𝐥 − 𝐭 𝐢𝐧

Coil Efficiency
The efficiency of the heating coil or cooling coil to heat or
cool the incoming air to the temperature of cooling coil.
𝐂𝐨𝐢𝐥 𝐄𝐟𝐟. = 𝟏 − 𝐁𝐅
Properties of Moist Air Problem 5

A coil has an inlet temperature of

60F and outlet of 90F. If the mean
temperature of the coil is 110F, find
the bypass factor of the coil.

Ans: 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎
Air Mixing

t1 t2
m1 m2 Mass balance at mixing point:
𝐦𝟑 = 𝐦𝟏 + 𝐦𝟐
Energy balance at mixing point:

𝐦𝟑 𝐡𝟑 = 𝐦𝟏 𝐡𝟏 + 𝐦𝟐 𝐡𝟐
Humidity balance at mixing point:

𝐦𝟑 𝛚𝟑 = 𝐦𝟏 𝛚𝟏 + 𝐦𝟐 𝛚𝟐
Dry-bulb temp balance at mixing point:

m3 𝐦𝟑 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝟑 = 𝐦𝟏 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝟏 + 𝐦𝟐 𝐭 𝐝𝐛𝟐

t3
Dew-point temp balance at mixing point:

𝐦𝟑 𝐭 𝐝𝐩𝟑 = 𝐦𝟏 𝐭 𝐝𝐩𝟏 + 𝐦𝟐 𝐭 𝐝𝐩𝟐

Air Mixing Problem 6

The mass of an outside air at 50C in

an air conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find
the temperature after mixing if the
outside air mixed with 40 kg with
recirculated air at 35C.
Air Mixing Problem 6

t1=50°C t2=35°C
m1=60 kg m2=40 kg

m3=100 kg
t3 = ?
Ans: 𝟒𝟒℃
Air Mixing Problem 7

In an air conditioning system, if the

re-circulated air is three times the
outside air and the mass of supply air
is 20 kg/s, what is the mass of the
outside air?
Air Mixing Problem 7

Recirculated air
𝐦𝐑 = 𝟑𝐦𝐎

Supply air Outside air

𝐤𝐠 𝐦𝐎 =?
𝐦𝐒 = 𝟐𝟎
𝐬
𝐤𝐠
Ans: 𝟓
𝐬
 AC Load Calculations

Total Recirculation System 𝐐𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 = 𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅

𝐐𝐬 + 𝐐𝐋 = 𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅
𝐦𝐬

AC Room
2
1

UNIT
𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝒔

Qs QL
𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅 = 𝐦𝐬 𝐡𝟐 − 𝐡𝟏
𝐐𝐬 = 𝐦𝐬 𝐜𝐩𝐚 𝐭 𝟐 − 𝐭 𝟏
𝐐𝐋 = 𝐦𝐬 𝛚𝟐 − 𝛚𝟏 𝐡𝐯
 AC Load Calculations
𝐐𝐑 = 𝐦𝐬 𝐡𝟐 − 𝐡𝟏
Introduction of Ventilation Air
𝐐𝐕𝐄𝐍𝐓 = 𝐦𝐨 𝐡𝟑 − 𝐡𝟏
𝐦𝐬

AC Room 𝐦𝐑
2
1 4 3
UNIT 𝐦𝐨
𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝒔

Qs QL
𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅 = 𝐐𝐑 + 𝐐𝐕𝐄𝐍𝐓
𝐐𝐬 = 𝐦𝐬 𝐜𝐩𝐚 𝐭 𝟐 − 𝐭 𝟏
𝐐𝐋 = 𝐦𝐬 𝛚𝟐 − 𝛚𝟏 𝐡𝐯 𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅 = 𝐦𝐬 𝐡𝟒 − 𝐡𝟏
AC Load Calculations Problem 8

A room being air conditioned is being

held at 25C dry bulb and 50%
relative humidity. A flow rate of 5 m3/s
of supply air at 15C dry bulb and
80% RH is being delivered to the
room to maintain that steady
condition at 100 kPa. What is the
sensible heat absorbed from the room
air in kW?
AC Load Calculations Problem 8

t db,room = 25℃
RH = 50%
A/C ROOM
t db,s = 15℃
supply air ms
m3
Qs = 5
s
RH = 80%

𝐐𝐬 𝐐𝐋 Ans: 𝟔𝟎. 𝟖 𝐤𝐖
AC Load Calculations Problem 9

If the latent and sensible heat loads

are 20 kW and 80 kW respectively,
what is the sensible heat ratio?

Ans: 𝟎. 𝟖𝟎
AC Load Calculations Problem 10

In an auditorium maintained at a
temperature not to exceed 24C and
relative humidity not to exceed 60%,
a sensible heat load of 132 kW and
78 kg of moisture per hour to be
removed. Air is supplied to the
auditorium at 18C. How many
kilograms of air must be supplied per
hour? 𝐤𝐠
Ans: 𝟕𝟗, 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝐡𝐫
AC Load Calculations Problem 10

t db,room = 24℃
RH = 60%
A/C ROOM
t db,s = 18℃
supply air
ms =?

𝐐𝐬 = 𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝐤𝐖 𝐐𝐋 𝐤𝐠
Ans: 𝟕𝟗, 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝐡𝐫
AC Load Calculations Problem 11

An assembly hall was to have an air conditioning

unit installed which would be maintained at 26C
dry bulb and at 50% RH. The unit delivers air at
15C dry bulb temperature and the calculated
sensible heat load is 150 kW and latent heat is
51.3 kW. Twenty percent by weight of extracted
air is made up of outside air at 34C dry bulb
and 60% RH. While 80% is extracted by the air
at 34C dry bulb and 60% RH, while 80% is
extracted by the air conditioner from the
assembly hall. Determine the air conditioners
refrigeration capacity in tons of refrigeration and
its ventilation load in kW. From psychrometric
chart: h3 = 86.5 kJ/kg, h2 = 53 kJ/kg
Ans: 𝟖𝟑. 𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝐓𝐎𝐑; 𝟑𝟕. 𝟑𝟗𝟑 𝐓𝐎𝐑
AC Load Calculations Problem 11

𝐦𝐬

ASSEMBLY HALL 𝐦𝐑 = 𝟖𝟎%𝐦𝒔

26°C db, 50% RH 2

1 4 3
UNIT
𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝐨 = 𝟐𝟎%𝐦𝒔
𝟏𝟓℃ 𝟑𝟒℃
𝟔𝟎% 𝐑𝐇
Q s = 150 kW Q L = 51.3 kW
 AC Load Calculations Problem 11
REFRIGERATION LOAD

𝐐𝐑𝐄𝐅

2
1 4 3
UNIT 𝐦𝐨 = 𝟐𝟎%𝐦𝒔
𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝒔
𝟑𝟒℃
𝟏𝟓℃ 𝟔𝟎% 𝐑𝐇

Ans: 𝟖𝟑. 𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝐓𝐎𝐑

 AC Load Calculations Problem 11
VENTILATION LOAD

2
1 4 3
UNIT 𝐦𝐨 = 𝟐𝟎%𝐦𝒔
𝐦𝒔 𝐦𝒔
𝟑𝟒℃
𝟏𝟓℃ 𝟔𝟎% 𝐑𝐇

𝐐𝐕

Ans: 𝟑𝟕. 𝟑𝟗𝟑 𝐓𝐎𝐑

 COOLING TOWERS
Main Features of Cooling Towers

(Pacific Northwest National Library, 2001)

 C O O L I N G T O W E R S• Air
• Air drawn across drawn up
through falling
falling water
• Fill located water
TYPES OF COOLING
outside tower TOWERS • Fill located
1. Natural Draft Cooling Tower inside tower

Cross flow Counter flow

 COOLING TOWERS
TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
2. Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower (Forced Draft)

(GEO4VA)
 COOLING TOWERS
TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
2. Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower (Induced Draft-counter flow)
 COOLING TOWERS
TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
2. Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower (Induced Draft-cross flow)
 COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWER ANALYSIS
1. Range Hot Water Temperature (In)

Difference between
cooling water inlet and
outlet temperature:

Range
(In) to the Tower
Range = CW inlet temp
(Out) from the Tower
– CW outlet temp

𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 = 𝐭 𝐰,𝐢𝐧 − 𝐭 𝐰,𝐨𝐮𝐭

Cold Water Temperature (Out)
Approach

Wet Bulb Temperature (Ambient)

 COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWER ANALYSIS
2. Approach Hot Water Temperature (In)

Difference between
cooling tower outlet
cold water temperature

Range
and ambient wet bulb (In) to the Tower
temperature: (Out) from the Tower

Approach = CW outlet
temp – Wet bulb temp
Cold Water Temperature (Out)
𝐀𝐩𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐜𝐡 = 𝐭 𝐰,𝐨𝐮𝐭 − 𝐭 𝐚,𝐖𝐁
Approach

Wet Bulb Temperature (Ambient)

 COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWER ANALYSIS
3. Effectiveness/Efficiency Hot Water Temperature (In)

𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞
𝐂𝐓 𝐄𝐟𝐟. =
𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 + 𝐀𝐩𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐜𝐡

Range
(In) to the Tower
𝐭 𝐰,𝐢𝐧 − 𝐭 𝐰,𝐨𝐮𝐭 (Out) from the Tower
𝐂𝐓 𝐄𝐟𝐟. =
𝐭 𝐰,𝐢𝐧 − 𝐭 𝐚,𝐖𝐁

Cold Water Temperature (Out)

Approach

Wet Bulb Temperature (Ambient)

 COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWER ANALYSIS
4. mass balance on CT
min = mout
𝐦𝐰𝟏 + 𝛚𝟏 𝐦𝐚𝟏 = 𝐦𝐰𝟐 + 𝛚𝟐 𝐦𝐚𝟐
𝐦𝐰𝟏 − 𝐦𝐰𝟐 = 𝛚𝟐 𝐦𝐚𝟐 − 𝛚𝟏 𝐦𝐚𝟏
𝐦𝐰𝟏 − 𝐦𝐰𝟐 = 𝐦𝐚 𝛚𝟐 − 𝛚𝟏
Make-up water requirement
𝐦𝐦𝐰 = 𝐦𝐰𝟏 − 𝐦𝐰𝟐

𝐦𝐦𝐰 = 𝐦𝐚 𝛚𝟐 − 𝛚𝟏
 COOLING TOWERS
COOLING TOWER ANALYSIS
5. Energy balance on CT (SSSF)

Q water = Q air

𝐦𝐰 𝐜𝐰 𝐭 𝐰𝟏 − 𝐭 𝐰𝟐 = 𝐦𝐚 𝐡𝐚𝟐 − 𝐡𝐚𝟏
Cooling Towers Problem 12

Determine the approximate load on a

cooling tower if the entering and
leaving temperatures are 96F and
88F, respectively and the flow rate of
the water over the tower is 30 gpm.
Cooling Towers Problem 12

𝐭 𝟏 = 𝟗𝟔℉
1
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟎 𝐠𝐩𝐦

𝐭 𝟐 = 𝟖𝟖℉
2

𝐁𝐭𝐮
Ans: 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟐. 𝟏𝟒
𝐦𝐢𝐧
Cooling Towers Problem 13

Determine the quantity of water lost

by bleed off if the water flow rate over
the tower is 30 gpm and the range is
10F. Percent bleed-off required is
0.33%.
Cooling Towers Problem 13

𝐁𝐥𝐞𝐝 𝐥𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝑽𝐁𝐃

%𝐁𝐃 = =
𝐓𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝐂𝐚𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝑽𝐓

Ans: 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟗 𝐠𝐩𝐦

Ducts Problem 14

A rectangular duct has a dimensions

of 0.25 m by 1 m. Determine the
equivalent diameter of the duct.
 Ducts Problem 14

HYDRAULIC DIAMETER or EQUIVALENT DIAMETER

𝟒 𝐱 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝟒𝐀 𝐜
𝐃𝐇 = = = 𝟒𝐑 𝐇
𝐖𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐏𝐰

HYDRAULIC RADIUS or EQUIVALENT RADIUS

𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝐀𝐜
𝐑𝐇 = =
𝐖𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐏𝐰
Ducts Problem 14

A rectangular duct has a dimensions

of 0.25 m by 1 m. Determine the
equivalent diameter of the duct.

Ans: 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎 𝐦
Ducts Sample Problem

A pipe with a radius of 1.2 m flows partially

full as shown. What is the approximate
hydraulic radius?

Answer: 𝟎. 𝟒𝟒𝟐 𝐦
Ducts Problem 15

A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 m wide

suspended from the ceiling in a
corridor, makes a right angle turn in
the horizontal plane. The inner radius
is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0 m
measured from the same center. The
velocity of air in the duct is 10 m/s.
Compute the pressure drop in this
elbow. Assuming ; f = 0.3,  = 1.204
kg/m3 and L = 10 m.
Ans: 𝟑𝟒𝟎 𝐏𝐚
 DRYERS

Humid Air
𝐦𝟑
3

𝐦𝟏 = 𝐦𝐚 DRYING 𝐦𝐅
2 𝐦𝟐 4
1 CHAMBER
HEATER Wet Feed
Supply Air Heated Air

𝐦𝐩 5
𝐐𝐇
Dried Product
 DRYERS
Dryer Efficiency 𝐐𝐀 = 𝐦𝐚 𝛚𝟑 − 𝛚𝟐 𝐡𝐯,𝐚
Humid Air
𝐐𝐀,𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐐𝐀 𝐦𝟑 = 𝛚𝟑 𝐦𝐚
ŋ𝐝𝐫𝐲𝐞𝐫 = =
𝐐𝐒,𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐐𝐇 3

𝐦𝟐 = 𝛚𝟐 𝐦𝐚
𝐦𝟏 = 𝐦𝐚 DRYING 𝐦𝐅
2 4
1 CHAMBER
HEATER Wet Feed
Supply Air Heated Air

𝐦𝐩 5
𝐐𝐇
Dried Product
𝐐𝐇 = 𝐦𝐚 𝐡𝟐 − 𝐡𝟏
 DRYERS
Bone-dry weight or dry weight
Is the final solid weight reached by a hygroscopic substance.

Regain
Is the hygroscopic moisture content of a substance expressed as a
percentage of the BDW of the material.
𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐦𝐰
𝐑𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧 = =
𝐛𝐨𝐧𝐞 − 𝐝𝐫𝐲 𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐦𝐁𝐃

Moisture Content
𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐦𝐰
𝐌𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 = =
𝐠𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐬 𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐦𝐓

𝐦𝐓 = 𝐦𝐁𝐃 + 𝐦𝐰
 DRYERS
FEED PRODUCT
water, 𝐦𝐰𝐅 |
water, 𝐦𝐰𝐩 |

DRYING

bone-dry, 𝐦𝐁𝐃 | bone-dry, 𝐦𝐁𝐃 |

𝐦𝐅 = 𝐦𝐁𝐃 + 𝐦𝐰𝐅 𝐦𝐏 = 𝐦𝐁𝐃 + 𝐦𝐰𝐏
Note:
Wet basis: per unit mass of the feed or product.
Dry basis: per unit mass of the bone dry material.
Dryers Problem 16

Copra enters a dryer containing 60%

water and 40% of solids and leaves
with 5% water and 95% solids. Find
the weight of water removed based
on each pound of original product.
Dryers Problem 16
Humid Air
𝐦𝐬
3
𝒎𝒘
= 𝟎. 𝟔
𝒎𝑭
𝟔𝟎% 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞
DRYING 𝐦𝐅
2 𝐦𝐬 4 𝟒𝟎% 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐝
CHAMBER 𝒎𝑩𝑫
Wet Feed
Heated Air = 𝟎. 𝟒
𝒎𝑭

𝒎𝒘
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓 𝟓% 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐦 5
𝒎𝑷 𝐩
𝟗𝟓% 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐝
𝒎𝑩𝑫
= 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 Dried Product
𝒎𝑷
𝐥𝐛𝐦 𝑯𝟐 𝑶
Ans: 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟓
𝐥𝐛𝐦 𝐟𝐞𝐞𝐝
Dryers Problem 17

Wet material containing 215% moisture

(dry basis) is to be dried at the rate of 1.5
kg/s in a continuous dryer to give a
product containing 5 % moisture (wet
basis). The drying medium consist of air
heated to 373 K and containing water
vapor equivalent to a partial pressure of
1.40 kPa. The air leaves the dryer at
310K and 70% saturated. Calculate how
much air will be required to remove the
moisture. 𝐤𝐠 𝐚
Ans: 𝟒𝟗. 𝟒𝟖
𝐬
Dryers Problem 17

Humid Air
𝐦𝐬 𝐑𝐇𝟑 = 𝟕𝟎%
𝐓𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟎 𝐊
3

𝐏𝟐𝐯 = 𝟏. 𝟒 𝐤𝐏𝐚
𝐓𝟐 = 𝟑𝟕𝟑 𝐊
DRYING 𝐦𝐅
2 𝐦𝐬 4
CHAMBER
Wet Feed
Heated Air 𝟐𝟏𝟓% 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 (𝐝𝐫𝐲 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐢𝐬)
𝐤𝐠 𝒎𝒘
𝐦𝐅 = 𝟏. 𝟓 = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟓%
𝐬 𝒎 𝑩𝑫
𝐦𝐩 5
𝟓% 𝐦𝐨𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐰𝐞𝐭 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐢𝐬
𝒎𝒘 Dried Product
𝒎𝒑
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓% 𝐤𝐠 𝐚
Ans: 𝟒𝟗. 𝟒𝟖
𝐬
“The more I PRACTICE,
the Luckier I get.”
-Gary Player