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Unit – I (Matrices)
Cayley – Hamilton Theorem
1 1 1
1. Show that the matrix 0 1 0 satisfies the characteristics equation and hence find its
2 0 3
inverse. (Textbook Page No.: 1.56) (Jan 2011),(Jan 2013)
1 3 7
2. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of A 4 2 3 . (N/D 2011)
1 2 1
1 2 3
3. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for A 2 1 4 . Hence using it find A1 . (M/J 2016)
3 1 1
1 2 2
4. Verify Cayley Hamilton Theorem for the A 2 5 4 . Hence find A1 . (Jan 2016)
3 7 5
1 2 3
5. Verify Cayley Hamilton Theorem for the matrix A 2 4 2 . (A/M 2011)
1 1 2
2 1 1
6. Find the characteristic equation of the matrix A given A 1 2 1 . Hence find A1 and
1 1 2
A4 . (Jan 2009)(Jan 2010)(M/J 2010) (M/J 2013)(N/D 2014)
1 0 3
7. Using Cayley – Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of the matrix A 8 1 7 . (N/D 2010)
3 0 8
1 2 2
8. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem find A1 and A4 , if A 1 3
0 . (Jan 2014)
0 2 1
9. Use Cayley – Hamilton theorem to find the value of the matrix given by
2 1 1
A8 5 A7 7 A6 3 A5 A4 5 A3 8 A2 2 A I , if the matrix A 0 1 0 .
1 1 2
1 0 3
10. Verify Cayley Hamilton theorem for the matrix A 2 1 1 , hence find its A1 . (M/J 2014)
1 1 1
3 1 1
11. If A 1 5 1 , verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem and hence find A1 . (M/J 2015)
1 1 3
2 0 1
12. Verify Cayley Hamilton Theorem for the matrix 0 2 0 and hence find A1 and A4 .
1 0 2
Textbook Page No.: 1.70 (M/J 2012)
1 4
13. Find An using Cayley Hamilton theorem, taking A 3
. Hence find A . (Jan 2012)
2 3
Textbook Page No.: 1.68
1 1 4
2. Find all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the ma trix 3 2 1 . (Jan 2011)
2 1 1
1 2 1
3. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of 6 1 0 . (Jan 2013)
1 2 1
2 2 1
4. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix A 1 3 1 .
1 2 2
6 2 2
5. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of 2 3 1 . (M/J 2015)
2 1 3
2 1 1
6.
Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of A 1 2 1 . (Jan 2009)
0 0 1
11 4 7
7. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix A 7 2 5 . (N/D 2011)
10 4 6
2 2 3
8. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the matrix A 2 1 6 .
1 2 0
2 0 1
9. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix A 0 2 0 .
1 0 2
7 2 0
10. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of 2 6 2 . (N/D 2014)
0 2 5
Diagonalisation of a Matrix
1. The eigenvectors of a 3×3 real symmetric matrix A corresponding to the eigenvalues 2,3, 6 are
1, 0, 1 , 1,1,1 and 1, 2, 1 respectively. Find the matrix A .
T T T
(A/M 2011)
8 6 2
2. If the eigenvalues of A 6 7 4 are 0, 3, 15, find the eigenvectors of A and diagonalize
2 4 3
the matrix A . (Jan 2013)
5. Reduce the quadratic form 10 x12 2 x22 5x32 6 x2 x3 10 x3 x1 4 x1 x2 to a Canonical form through
an orthogonal transformation and hence find rank, index, signature, nature and also give non –
zero set of values for x1 , x2 , x3 (if they exist), that will make the quadratic form zero.
6. Reduce the quadratic form x12 2 x22 x32 2 x1 x2 2x2 x3 to the Canonical form through an
orthogonal transformation and hence show that is positive semi definite. Also given a non – zero
set of values x1 , x2 , x3 which makes this quadratic form zero.
7. Reduce the given quadratic form Q to its canonical form using orthogonal transformation
Q x2 3 y 2 3z 2 2 yz .
8. Find a change of variables that reduces the quadratic form 3x12 5x22 3x32 2 x1 x2 2 x1 x3 2 x2 x3
to a sum of squares and express the quadratic form in terms of new variables.
10. Reduce the quadratic form 8x12 7 x22 3x32 12 x1 x2 8x2 x3 4 x3 x1 into canonical form by means
of an orthogonal transformation. (N/D 2011)
11. Reduce the quadratic form 2 x1 x2 2 x2 x3 2 x3 x1 into canonical form. (Jan 2013)
12. Reduce the quadratic form x12 5x22 x32 2 x1 x2 2 x2 x3 6x3 x1 to the canonical form through
orthogonal transformation and find its nature. (M/J 2014)
13. Reduce the quadratic form x2 5 y 2 z 2 2 xy 2 yz 6 zx into canonical form and hence find its
rank. (M/J 2015)
i 2 j 2k . (M/J 2009)
4.
Show that F y 2 xz i 2 xy z j 2 x z y 2 z k is irrotational and hence find its
2 2 2
5.
Prove that F 6 xy z 3 i 3x 2 z j 3xz 2 y k is irrotational vector and find the scalar
6.
Prove that F x 2 y 2 x iˆ 2 xy y ˆj is irrotational and hence find its scalar potential.
7.
Show that F 2 xy z 2 i x 2 2 yz j y 2 2 zx k is irrotational and find its scalar
potential. (N/D 2012)
8.
Show that F x 2 xy 2 i y 2 x 2 y j is irrotational and find its scalar potential.
9.
Prove that F y 2 cos x z 3 iˆ 2 y sin x 4 ˆj 3xz 2 kˆ is irrotational and find its scalar
potential. (N/D 2016)
11. Find the angle between the normals to the surface xy 3 z 2 4 at the points 1, 1, 2 and
12. Find the angle between the normals to the surface x 2 yz at the points 1,1,1 and 2, 4,1 .
13. Find the angle between the surfaces x 2 y 2 z 2 9 and z x 2 y 2 3 at the point 2, 1, 2 .
15. If r is the position vector of the point x, y, z , Prove that 2 r n n(n 1)r n 2 . Hence find the
2 1
value of . Textbook Page No.: 2.40 (N/D 2010),(M/J 2015)
r
16. Find the value of n such that the vector r n r is both solenoidal and irrotational.
17. Find the work done in moving a particle in the force field given by F 3x 2 i (2 xz y) j zk
along the straight line from 0,0,0 to 2,1,3 . (M/J 2012)
Green’s Theorem
1. Using Green’s theorem in a plane evaluate x 2 1 y dx x3 y 3 dy where C is the square
C
2.
Verify Green’s theorem for V x 2 y 2 i 2 xyj taken around the rectangle bounded by the
lines x a, y 0 and y b . (N/D 2012),(Jan 2016)
defined by x y , y x .
2 2
(M/J 2010)
2x
y 0, x , y . (Textbook Page No.: 2.80) (M/J 2015)
2
Stoke’s Theorem
1.
Verify Stokes theorem for F x 2 y 2 i 2 xyj in the rectangular region of z 0 plane
bounded by the lines x 0, y 0, x a and y b . (M/J 2014),(A/M 2017)
2.
Verify Stoke’s theorem for F x 2 y 2 i 2 xyj taken around the rectangle formed by the lines
x a, x a, y 0 and y b . (N/D 2013)
3. Verify Stoke’s theorem for the vector F ( y z )i yzj xzk , where S is the surface bounded
by the planes x 0, y 0, z 0, x 1, y 1, z 1 and C is the square boundary on the xoy -
plane. (N/D 2011)
4.
Verify Stoke’s theorem when F 2 xy x 2 i x 2 y 2 j and C is the boundary of the region
5. Verify Stoke’s theorem for the vector field F (2 x y)i yz 2 j y 2 zk over the upper half
surface x 2 y 2 z 2 1 , bounded by its projection on the xy -plane.
2. Verify Gauss divergence theorem for F x2 i y 2 j z 2 k where S is the surface of the cuboid
formed by the planes x 0, x a, y 0, y b, z 0 and z c . (M/J 2009)
3. Verify Gauss divergence theorem for F x2 i y 2 j z 2 k taken over the cube bounded by the
planes x 0, y 0, z 0, x 1, y 1 and z 1 . (M/J 2014)
4.
Verify Gauss – divergence theorem for the vector function f x3 yz i 2 x 2 yj 2k over the
cube bounded by x 0, y 0, z 0 and x a, y a, z a .
5. Verify divergence theorem for F x 2 i zj yzk over the cube formed by the planes
x 1, y 1, z 1 .
6.
Verify Gauss’s theorem for F x 2 yz i y 2 zx j z 2 xy k over the rectangular
parallelepiped bounded by x 0, x a, y 0, y b, z 0 and z c . (Jan 2016)
7.
Verify Gauss’s theorem for F x 2 yz i y 2 zx j z 2 xy k over the rectangular
parallelepiped formed by 0 x 1,0 y 1 and 0 z 1 .
2. When the function f ( z ) u iv is analytic, prove that the curves u c1 and v c2 are
orthogonal.
3. Prove that u e y cos x and v e x sin y satisfy Laplace equations, but that u iv is not an
analytic function of z .
5.
Prove that u e2 xy sin x 2 y 2 is harmonic. Find the corresponding analytic function and the
imaginary part.
y
6. Prove that u x 2 y 2 and v are harmonic functions but not harmonic conjugates.
x2 y 2
7. Prove that every analytic function w u iv can be expressed as a function z alone, not as a
function of z .
8.
Find the analytic function u iv , if u x y x 2 4 xy y 2 . Also find the conjugate harmonic
function v . (N/D 2009)
10. Find the analytic function w u iv when v e2 y y cos 2 x x sin 2 x and find u . (N/D 2011)
11. Show that v e x x cos y y sin y is harmonic function. Hence find the analytic function
f ( z ) u iv . (M/J 2014)
12. Find the analytic function f ( z ) u iv whose real part is u e x ( x cos y y sin y) . Find also the
conjugate harmonic u .
13. Prove that u e x ( x cos y y sin y) is harmonic (satisfies Laplace’s equation) and hence find the
analytic function f ( z ) u iv . (N/D 2010),(M/J 2013)
sin 2 x
14. Determine the analytic function whose real part is . (N/D 2012),(N/D 2014)
cosh 2 y cos 2 x
sin 2 x
15. Find the analytic function f ( z) P iQ , if P Q . (M/J 2009)
cosh 2 y cos 2 x
16. Find the analytic function f ( z ) u iv given that 2u 3v e x (cos y sin y) . (A/M 2017)
2 2
If f ( z ) is a analytic function of z , prove that 2 2 f ( z ) 4 f ( z ) .
2 2
17.
x y
(M/J 2009),(A/M 2011),(M/J 2013),(N/D 2014),(M/J 2016)
2 2
18. If f ( z ) is an analytic function of z , prove that 2 2 log f ( z ) 0 .
x y
(M/J 2012),(A/M 2017)
2 2 p 2
2 2 f ( z ) p f ( z ) f ( z ) .
p 2 2
(N/D 2011)
x y
Conformal Mapping
1
1. Find the image of the half plane x c , when c 0 under the transformation w . Show the
z
regions graphically. Textbook Page No.: 3.63 (M/J 2009),(N/D 2012)
1
2. Find the image of z 1 1 under the mapping w . (M/J 2014)
z
Textbook Page No.: 3.64
1
3. Find the image of the circle z 2i 2 under the transformation w . (M/J 2013)
z
1 1 1
4. Find the image in the w -plane of the infinite strip y under the transformation w .
4 2 z
1
5. Find the image of the hyperbola x 2 y 2 1 under the transformation w .
z
Textbook Page No.: 3.70 (M/J 2010),(M/J 2012),(N/D 2012)
6. Find the image of z 2 under the mapping (1) w z 3 2i (2) w 3z . (A/M 2011)
z
7. Prove that the transformation w maps the upper half of z - plane on to the upper half of
1 z
w - plane. What is the image of z 1 under this transformation?
1
8. Prove that the transformation w maps the family of circles and straight lines into the family
z
of circles or straight lines. (N/D 2011),(N/D 2016),(A/M 2017)
Bilinear Transformation
1. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points z 0, i, 1 into w - plane w i,1,0
respectively.
2. Find the bilinear transformation that transforms the points z 1, i, 1 of the z -plane into the
points w 2, i, 2 of the w -plane. (M/J 2016)
3. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points 1, 0, 1 of the z-plane into the points
1, i, 1 of the w-plane respectively. (A/M 2017)
4. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points z 0,1, into w i,1, 1 respectively.
Textbook Page No.: 3.86 (M/J 2010),(M/J 2012),(M/J 2013)
5. Find the bilinear transformation that maps the points z , i,0 onto w 0, i, respectively.
(N/D 2012)
Textbook Page No.: 3.87
6. Find the bilinear map which maps the points z 0, 1, i onto points w i,0, . Also find the
image of the unit circle of the z plane. (N/D 2013),(M/J 2015)
Textbook Page No.: 3.88
7. Find the bilinear transform which maps i, i,1 in z-plane into 0,1, of w-plane respectively.
(Jan 2016)
Textbook Page No.: 3.90
8. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points z 0, 1, 1 onto the points
w 1, 0, . Find also the invariant points of the transformation. (N/D 2016)
Textbook Page No.: 3.91
9. Find the bilinear transformation that transforms 1, i and 1 of the z – plane onto 0, 1 and
of the w – plane.
Textbook Page No.: 3.99 (M/J 2014)
10. Find the bilinear transformation that transforms 1, i and 1 of the z – plane onto 0, 1 and
of the w – plane. Also show that the transformation maps interior of the unit circle of the z –
plane on to upper half of the w – plane. (N/D 2010)
Textbook Page No.: 3.92
11. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points z 1, i, 1 into the points w i,0, i .
Hence find the image of z 1 . (M/J 2011),(N/D 2014)
Textbook Page No.: 3.94
12. Find the Bilinear transformation that maps the points 1 i, i, 2 i of the z - plane into the
points 0,1,i of the w - plane.
Textbook Page No.: 3.97 (N/D 2011)
4 3z 3
2. Using Cauchy’s integral formula, evaluate z( z 1)( z 2) dz , Where ‘ C ’ is the circle
C
z
2
.
(M/J 2010)
z
3. Using Cauchy’s integral formula evaluate z
C
2
1
dz , where C is the circle z i 1 .
(M/J 2011)
z 1
4. Evaluate using Cauchy’s integral formula z 3 z 1 dz where C
C
is the circle z 2 .
(M/J 2016)
z4
5. Evaluate z
C
2
2z 5
dz , where C is the circle z 1 i 2 , using Cauchy’s integral formula.
z 1
6. Evaluate z
C
2
2z 4
dz , where C is the circle z 1 i 2 , using Cauchy’s integral formula.
(N/D 2014)
z
7. Using Cauchy’s integral formula, evaluate ( z 1) ( z 2) dz , where is the circle
C
2
z 1 1 .
(N/D 2016)
z2
8. Evaluate
C ( z 1) ( z 2)
2
dz where C is z 3 . (M/J 2015)
zdz 1
9. Evaluate z 1 z 2
C
2
where C is the circle z 2
2
using Cauchy’s integral formula.
e2 z
10. Using Cauchy’s integral formula evaluate z 1
C
4
dz where C is z 2 . (Jan 2016)
z 1
11. Evaluate (z
C
2
2 z 4)2
dz where C is z 1 i 2 using Cauchy’s integral formula.
z 1
12. Evaluate ( z 1) ( z 2) dz , where C is the circle
C
2
z i 2 using Cauchy’s residue theorem.
(M/J 2012)
z 1
13. Using Cauchy’s residue theorem evaluate ( z 1) ( z 2) dz , where C is
C
2
z i 2 .
(M/J 2014)
Textbook Page No.: 4.92
z
14. Evaluate (z
C
2
1) 2
dz , where C is the circle z i 1 , using Cauchy’s residue theorem.
(N/D 2016)
Textbook Page No.: 4.89
z 3 dz
15. Evaluate
C ( z 1) ( z 2)( z 3)
4
where C is z 2.5 , using residue theorem. (Jan 2016)
2
cos 3
6. Evaluate 5 4cos d
0
using contour integration. (M/J 2013)
2
d
10. Evaluate, by contour integration 1 2a sin a
0
2 , 0 a 1. (M/J 2009),(M/J 2011)
x2 x 2
14. Evaluate x
4
10 x 2 9
dx using contour integration. (M/J 2010),(A/M 2011),(N/D 2013)
1
2. Evaluate f ( z ) in Laurent series valid for the regions z 3 and 1 z 3 .
z 1 z 3
(N/D 2009),(M/J 2012),(A/M 2017)
z
3. Expand as a Laurent’s series of the function f ( z ) in the region (i) z 1 (ii)
z 2 3z 2
1 z 2 (iii) z 2 . (M/J 2016)
1
4. Find the Laurent’s series expansion of f ( z ) valid in the region 1 z 1 2 .
z 5z 6
2
(N/D 2016)
1
5. Find the Laurent’s series expansion of f ( z ) valid in the regions z 2 and
z 2
z 1
0 z 1 1 . (N/D 2014)
z2 4z 2
6. Obtain the Laurent’s expansion of f ( z ) in 3 z 2 5 . (Jan 2016)
z 3 2 z 2 5z 6
7z 2
7. Find the Laurent’s series of f ( z ) in 1 z 1 3 . (M/J 2010)
z ( z 1)( z 2)
Textbook Page No.: 4.58
z2
8. Find the residues of f ( z ) at its isolated singularities using Laurent’s series
z 2 z 1
2
2. Find the Laplace transform of the following triangular wave function given by
t , 0t
f (t ) and f (t 2 ) f (t ) . (M/J 2010),(M/J 2012)
2 t , t 2
Textbook Page No.: 5.51 (Similar to previous problem)
t , 0 t 1
3. Find the Laplace transform of f (t ) and f (t 2) f (t ) for t 0 . (N/D 2011)
0, 1 t 2
f (t ) E , 0t a
and f (t 2a) f (t ) for all t . (N/D 2010)
E , a t 2a
1, in 0 t a
5. Find the Laplace transform of square wave function defined by f (t ) with
1, in a t 2a
period 2a . (N/D 2009)
6. Find the Laplace transform of square wave function (or meoander function) of period a as
a
1, in 0 t
2 .
f (t ) Textbook Page No.: 5.45 (M/J 2013)
1, in a
t a
2
a
E for 0 t 2
7. Find the Laplace transform of a square wave function given by f (t ) and
E for a t a
2
f (t a) f (t ) . (N/D 2011),(M/J 2016),(N/D 2016)
sin t , 0 t /
8. Find the Laplace transform of the Half wave rectifier f (t ) and
0, / t 2 /
f (t 2 / ) f (t ) for all t . (N/D 2012),(M/J 2014)
6. Verify initial and final value theorems for f (t ) 1 et (sin t cos t ) .
cos at cos bt
7. Find L . (A/M 2011),(N/D 2012),(M/J 2015)
t
s
10. Find L1 2 . (M/J 2015)
s 1 s 4
2
Textbook Page No.: 5.67
s2
11. Find L1 2 . (A/M 2015)
s a 2 s 2 b 2
Textbook Page No.: 5.70
s 1
12. Find the inverse Laplace transform of log . (N/D 2013)
s 1
Textbook Page No.: 5.82
s2 4
13. Find L1 log . (A/M 2017)
( s 2)
2
Textbook Page No.: 5.91
s2
2. Find L1 using convolution theorem. (N/D 2012)
s2 4
2
s2
3. Find the inverse Laplace transform of using convolution theorem.
s 2
a 2
s 2
b2
Textbook Page No.: 5.99 (N/D 2010),(M/J 2011),(M/J 2014),(N/D 2014),(M/J 2016)
s2
4. Using convolution theorem, find L1 2 using convolution theorem.
s 4 s 2 9
(N/D 2016),(A/M 2017)
1
5. Using convolution theorem find the inverse Laplace transform of .
s 2
1 s 1
(N/D 2009),(N/D 2011)
4
6. Using convolution theorem find the inverse Laplace transform of .
s 2s 5
2 2
d2x dx dx
2. Solve 3 2 x 2 , given x 0 and 5 for t 0 using Laplace transform method.
dt 2 dt dt
(A/M 2011),(N/D 2012)
3.
Using Laplace transform, solve D2 3D 2 y e3t given y(0) 1 and y(0) 1 .
(N/D 2016)
4.
Use Laplace transform to solve D2 3D 2 y e3t with y(0) 1 and y(0) 0 .
(N/D 2014)
5. Using Laplace transform solve the differential equation y 3 y 4 y 2et with
y(0) 1 y(0) .
6. Solve y 3 y 2 y 4e2t , y(0) 3, y(0) 5 , using Laplace transform. (N/D 2011)
d2y dy
7. Solve the differential equation 2
3 2 y et with y(0) 1 and y(0) 0 , using Laplace
dt dt
transform.
d2y
8. Solve the differential equation y sin 2t ; y(0) 0, y(0) 0 by using Laplace transform
dt 2
method. (N/D 2009)
d2y
9. Using Laplace transform, solve 4 y sin 2t given y(0) 3, y(0) 4 . (M/J 2014)
dt 2
d2y dy dy
10. Solve 2
4 4 y sin t , if 0 and y 2 when t 0 using Laplace transforms.
dt dt dt
(N/D 2011)
d2y dy
11. Solve, by Laplace transform method, the equation 2
2 5 y et sin t , y(0) 0, y(0) 1 .
dt dt