BRAKES
The spring outside
1. A band brake is installed on a
drum rotating at 250 rpm, and a
diameter of 900 millimeters. The
angle of contact is 1.5pi radians
and one end of the brake band is
fastened to a fixed pin while the
other end to the brake arm 150
millimeter from the fixed pin. The
coefficient of friction is 0.25
and the straight brake arm is 1000
millimeters long and is placed
perpendicular to the diameter
bisecting the angle of contact.
Determine the minimum force in
Newton applied as the power (50
kW) is being absorbed.
2. A simple band brake has a 76 cm
drum and fitted with a steel band
2/5 cm thick lined with a brake
lining having a coefficient of
friction of 0.25. The arc of
contact is 245 degrees. The drum
is attached to a 60 cm hoisting
drum that sustains a rope load of
820 kg. The operating force has a
moment arm of 1.50 m and the band
is attached 12 cm from the pivot
point. Find the width of a steel
band for a tensile stress of 50
MPa.
SPRINGS
1. A coiled spring with 1¾ in.
outside diameter is required to
work under load of 140 lb. Wire
diameter used is 0.192 in., spring
is to have seven active coils, and
the ends are to be closed and
ground. Determine the safe
shearing stress and the unit
deflection. Assume G equal to 12
million psi and mean radius to be
0.779 in.
2. A high alloy spring having squared
and ground ends has a total of 16
coils and modulus of elasticity in
shear of 85 GPa. Compute the Wahl
factor.
diameter is 9.66 cm and wire
diameter is 0.65 cm.
3. Compute the maximum deflection of
a 22-coil helical spring having a
load of 120 kg. The spring has
squared and ground ends with
modulus of elasticity in shear of
80 GPa, outside diameter of 8 cm
and wire diameter of 8 mm.
4. The load on a helical spring is
1600-lb and the corresponding
deflection is to be 4 in. Rigidity
modulus is 11 million psi and the
maximum intensity of safe
torsional stress is 60,000 psi.
Design the spring for the total
number of turns if the wire is
circular in cross section with a
diameter of 5/8 in. and a center
line radius of 1 ½ in. The spring
is squared and ground ends.
5. All four compression coil spring
support one load of 700 kg/mm. All
four springs are arranged in
parallel and rated same at 0.609
kg/mm. Compute the deflection in
mm.
6. A Mercedes Benz gas engine valve
spring is to have a mean diameter
of 3.81 cm. The maximum load it
will have to sustain is 45.45 kg
with corresponding deflection of
1.27 cm. The spring is to be made
of tempered steel wire. Since the
material is to be subjected to
repeated loading, and fatigue must
be considered, a low working
stress of 2820 kg/sq.cm will be
used. Determine the size of wire.
7. A body weighing 1000 lb falls 6
inches and strikes a 2000 lb per
in. spring. The deformation of the
spring is:
8. Determine the width and thickness
of the leaves of a six-leaf steel
 cantilever spring 13 in. long to
carry a load of 375 lb with a
deflection of 1¼ in. The maximum
stress in this spring is limited
to 50,000 psi.
FLYWHEELS
9. A flywheel weighing 457 kg has
radius of 375 mm. How much energy
in N-m does the flywheel loss from
3.0 rev/sec to 2.8 rev/sec?
10. A flywheel weighing 6 kN has a
mean diameter of 90 cm. The
maximum speed of the flywheel is
7 rev/sec slowed down to 4 rev/sec
during the shearing process.
Determine the energy released by
the flywheel.
11. A flywheel rotates at 220 rpm
slowed down to 65% of its
revolution during the three -
fourth second punching portion of
the cycle. Compute the angular
acceleration of the flywheel in
radian per second squared.
12. A flywheel has a diameter of 1.5
m, and mass of 800 kg. What torque
in N-m, is needed to produce an
angular acceleration of 100
revolutions per minute, per
second?
13. A cast iron flywheel with a mean
diameter of 36 inches changes
speed from 300 rpm to 280 rpm
while it gives up 8000 ft-lb of
energy. What is the coefficient of
fluctuation?
14. What would be the weight of a
flywheel in kg if the weight of
the rim is 3 times the sum of the
weight of the hub and arms? Given
the outside diameter and inside
diameter to be 24 in and 18 in
respectively and the rim width is
4.5 in. (assume steel flywheel).
15. A flywheel has a mean diameter of
4 ft and is required to handle
2250 ft-lb of kinetic energy. The
flywheel has a width of 8 in.
Normal operating speed is 300 rpm
and the coefficient of fluctuation
is to be 0.05. Find the weight of
the rim assuming that the arms and
hub are equivalent to 10% of the
rim weight.
16. A shearing machine requires 150
kg-m of energy to shear a steel
sheet and has a normal speed of 3
rev/sec, slowing down to 2.8
rev/sec during the shearing
process. The flywheel of the
machine has a mean diameter of 75
cm and weighs 0.0155 kg/cm3. The
width of the rim is 30 cm. If the
hub and arms of the flywheel
account for 15% of its total
weight, find the weight of the
flywheel.
17. A punch punches a 1-in diameter
hole in a steel plate ¾ inch thick
every 10 sec. The actual punching
takes 1 sec. The ultimate shear
strength of the plate is 60,000
psi. The flywheel of the punch
press has a mass moment of inertia
of 500 in-lb-sec2 and rotates at a
mean speed of 150 rpm. What is the
horsepower required for the punch
operation?
18. What pressure is required for
punching a hole 3 inches in
diameter through ¼ inch steel
stock?
19. What pressure is required for
punching a 1.5 inch square hole in
a ¼ inch thick plate steel?
20. What pressure is required for
punching a 1.5 inch by 2 inch
rectangular hole in a ¼ inch thick
brass?