Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Elaborada por
DEPARTAMENTO DE PUBLICACIONES
PROGRAMAS TÉCNICOS LABORALES POR
COMPETENCIAS
BOGOTA D.C.
2012
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_____________________
FIRMA DEL PROFESOR
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- Identifica la estructura
de los condicionales - Formula y responde - Evidencia mediante
reales en tiempo preguntas usando el su asistencia,
presente y sus factuales verbo to be, gerundio compromiso y
resultados en el futuro. y expresiones de responsabilidad un
tiempo de futuro. trabajo ético y activo.
- Diferencia las formas
verbales. - Crea diálogos cortos y - Demuestra una
los socializa actitud creativa y
- Conoce el vocabulario
relacionado con las refleja su
expresiones de tiempo en compromiso con la
el futuro. asignatura mediante
su participación e
- Reconoce verbos interés.
compuestos (verbo mas
preposición) y entiende - Sabe comunicarse
su significado de acuerdo asertivamente hacia
a la preposición.
sus pares y maestro.
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SENTENCE A SENTENCE B
IF _________________________ , ___________________________ .
OR
SENTENCE B SENTENCE A
____________________________ if ___________________________ .
STATEMENTS
Verb in Verb in
PRESENT PRESENT
WH - QUESTIONS
MAIN CLAUSE IF CLAUSE
Why does air expand If it heats?
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GRAMMAR NOTES
2. You can also use factual conditional sentences to talk about habits
and things that recur (happen again and again). Use the simple present
tense in both clauses.
3. You can begin conditional sentences with the if clause or the main
clause. The meaning is the same.
“If the seat belt light goes on, buckle your seat belt.”
or
“Buckle your seat belt if the seat belt light goes on”
If you need money, THEN you already know you have to save it.
If she really loves him, THEN she shouldn’t date other men.
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8. You can often use when or whenever instead of if. This is especially
true when you talk about general truths, habits and recurring events.
Dear students:
Now, try to discover the grammar underlining the main clause and
circling the sentence that expresses a condition.
Reading
Read the following passage and answer the questions according to it.
RECONFIRMING:
If you are travelling internationally, you have to
reconfirm your flight 72 hours ahead of time. In
spite of electronic reservation systems, many
airlines rely on your telephone call to reserve your
seat.
CHECKING IN:
A good travel agent can often get you a
boarding pass in advance. However, even
with a previously issued boarding pass, you
should still check in at the gate. You can be
bumped from a flight if you don’t.
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MEALS:
If you need a low-calorie, low sodium
or low-cholesterol meal, order it in
advance from the airline. You can
also order vegetarian and Kosher
meals ahead of time. If you hate
airplane food (and many people do),
then it’s a good idea to order one of
these special meals anyway. It will be fresher and taste better than
the standard meal.
COMFORT:
One common cause of
discomfort on a plane is
dehydration, caused by traveling
in a pressurized cabin. To avoid
this problem, drink a glass of
juice or water every hour you
are on the plane. Sitting in a
place for too long is another
cause. If you move around the cabin every hour, you can avoid
stiffness. We also suggest doing stretching exercises in your seat.
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JET LAG:
When you get to your destination, jet
lag will catch up you. There’s no way
to avoid it. If you travel across time
zones at high speeds, your internal
clock doesn’t keep up with the time
changes. That’s why your body thinks
it’s midnight when it’s really 9:00 a.m.
To minimize the discomfort, reset
your watch for the time zone of your
destination before you leave home. Also, arrange to arrive late in
the day. You are psychologically prepared to sleep at the right
time if it’s evening when you get to your destination.
WHEELCHAIR FLYERS:
Airline wheelchairs are heavy, and
someone must push you from behind.
You have much more mobility if you
store your own wheelchair in the cabin.
Terry Winkler, a physician who is also a
paraplegic, gives this advice: “If my
wheelchair can’t be stored on board, I
insist that they bring it from the
baggage compartment as soon as the
plane lands,” if you have a disability, be aware of your rights as
passenger. Most airlines cannot bar you except under very special
circumstances. If you do not require special equipment, you do
not even have to notify the airline of your disability in advance.
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QUESTIONS
3. If you need to order some special meal, what should you do?
FACTUAL CONDITIONAL
FUTURE
Two candidates are running for mayor in a large city.
Read their statements from a voter’s guide.
Occupation: Occupation:
City Comptroller Mayor
Background: Background:
Model, English teacher and writer.
saleswoman,
Actress, writer. Education:
The Best school.
Education:
French School. I guaranteed to generate a change in
Everyone’s mind since last year when
Four years ago, I promised to create I decided to start working for others’
A government that you could count rights. Nowadays, people understand
with. Today, after many years being we have to humanize each other so
one of the most important models in everyone can have a better life. I am
Colombia, I am truly proud to say I really comfortable saying that if you
want to be an example for people give the opportunity to become your
from Bogota. mayor, I will do my best, teaching
If I am elected, together we people how to improve their lifestyle
will finish the work we planned. The through giving peaceful suggestions
backbone of our effort must be good to citizens. There will be two million
manners and its expression in society. new jobs in our city. A lot of those
If I make people understand good jobs will be filled by us if we prepare
manners are relevant for us, we will our school system now.
live better in a nicer environment. My As well, if I
second aim to fill is housing because am reelected, my highest priority will
it has no sense to live consciously the be to give the neighborhoods back
good manners if they continue living to the citizens.
in bad conditions. We’re not going to I will help you fight for every street if
solve the social problems in this city you vote for me. Make the right
if we don’t house people properly. choice.
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STATEMENTS
IF CLAUSE: Present RESULT FORM: FUTURE
She will work for good manners.
If she wins,
She will house people properly
YES / NO QUESTIONS
IF CLAUSE: Present RESULT FORM: FUTURE
Will she work for good manners?
If she wins,
Will she house people properly?
WH QUESTIONS
RESULT CLAUSE: Future IF CLAUSE: Present
SHORT ANSWERS
Affirmative - Negative
will.
Yes, she
is.
won't.
No, she
isn't.
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GRAMMAR NOTES
1. Use factual conditional sentences with the future to talk about what will
happen under certain conditions. The if clause states the condition; the
main clause states the probable or certain result.
If I make people understand good manners are relevant for us, we will
live better in a nicer environment.
Be careful!!!
Even though the
if clause refers
to the future,
use the simple
present tense.
We’re not going to solve the social problems in this city if we don’t house
people properly.
or
Listening 62
Complete the first conditional sentences with the
correct form of the verbs.
1. You won’t pass your English test if you ___________
harder.
2. If your best friend _______________ now, she will be
late.
3. I__________ the tickets for the concert if I have time.
4. If you _____________ of you, nobody will do it.
5. You won’t go out if you __________ your homework.
6. If you don’t practice, you ___________________.
7. My mother ______________ mad if I arrive late.
8. I _____________ English if I don’t try.
9. If I ___ something, there ______ some consequences.
10. If she _______________ me, I won’t answer.
11. If I don’t go to bed early, I __________________ late.
12. You _____________ better if you learn how to cook.
13. They will pay you more money if you ________ how
to speak English.
14. If you don’t save money, you ______________.
15. I _______________ my task if you help me.
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Exercises
Listening 63
Exercises
Answer the following questions according to your life, thoughts and feelings.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What will you think if you find your best friend talking about you?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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Listening 64
Listen and answer the questions above.
Imagine life without phones, TV, internet, electricity,
cars, money, etc. all of those things exist thanks to
people’s creativity. If people don’t create, they will
always be the same people and life will be meaningless
because they won’t know what to expect from life. On
the other hand, those creations make us victims and
slaves of technology and we might forget how to take
part in life. How must we behave according to this? It’s
not as simple as we might think but it’s important to
find a balance between forgetting about ourselves or
become more independent.
“What will you do tomorrow?” - “I will spend the whole
day chatting on messenger because I love it.” This is a
very common conversation nowadays but that has to
stop in order to live peacefully.
According to the reading, answer the following
questions.
What will people do if those things simply disappear?
How will you behave if technology disappears?
How will you spend your free time if you have no
hobbies to enjoy?
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Listening 65
Song: If you don’t know by now Artist: Simple red
Listen to the song once without writing. Then, listen
again and try to fill in the blanks with the correct word.
If you don't __________ me by now
You _________ never never never know me