Materials Used

in Water Supply System

Elloso, Anjali Krystal

Fernando, Nesrin Joyce
Ferrer, Josef
Florentino, Sr. Jonilyn
the provision of water by public
utilities commercial
organizations, community
endeavors or by individuals,
usually via a system of pumps
and pipes.
any pipe or tube designed to
transport treated drinking
water/potable water to
consumers/building.
v Metallic Pipes
v Cement Pipes
v Plastic Pipes
 Steel Pipes

Galvanized
v Metallic Pipes
Iron Pipes

Steel Pipes
 Concrete
Cement
Pipes
v Cement Pipes
Asbestos
Cement
Pipes
 PVC

v Plastic Pipes PEX

PPR
UPVC PPVC CPVC
Plasticized Chlorinated
Polyvinyl
Chloride
 Advantages Disadvantages
1. Durable and usable 1. Heat Constraints/
2. Prone to physical
2. Corrosion Resistant
damage/ brittle
3. Cost (installation/
transportation)
commonly used for hot and cold water
in homes, and for hydronic heating
systems (such as radiant under-floor
systems) due to its resistance to hot and
cold temperatures
IT IS CONSIDERED AS THE OPTIMAL PIPE
MATERIAL FOR COLD AND HOT WATER SYSTEM,
WATER PURIFYING ENGINEERING,
UNDERGROUND HEATING SYSTEM FOR
WOODEN FLOOR, CHEMICAL PIPE WORKS

made with reference to the standard

of DIN8077/8078 of Germany.
-has been galvanized with a zinc coating.
galvanized coating keeps the water from
corroding the pipe. Because of the amount of
work that goes into cutting, threading, and
installing galvanized pipe, it is rarely used in
homes except for limited use in repairs.
APPLICATION AREAS:
• WATER & SEWERAGE.
• FIRE FIGHTING INSTALLATIONS.
• PLUMBING SYSTEMS.
 Advantages Disadvantages
1. Long life 1. Heat Constraints/

2. Anti-rust pipes 2. Develops blockages

3. Cost (installation/
3. Difficult to repair
maintenance)

4. Toughness
 For 6 meters
gi pipe 1/2 s20 – 249.00
gi pipe 1/2 s40 – 319.80
gi pipe 3/4 s20 – 312.00
gi pipe 3/4 s40 – 401.13
gi pipe 1 s20 – 448.80
gi pipe 1 s40 – 583.05
gi pipe 1-1/4 s20 – 618.00
gi pipe 1-1/4 s40 – 864.50
gi pipe 1-1/2 s20 – 708.00
gi pipe 1-1/2 s40 – 1,001.00
gi pipe 2 s20 – 978.00
gi pipe 2 s40 – 1,361.75
gi pipe 2-1/2 s20 – 1,500.00
gi pipe 2-1/2 s40 – 1,781.00
gi pipe 3 s20 – 1,818.00
gi pipe 3 s40 – 2,307.50
gi pipe 4 s20 – 2,592.00
gi pipe 4 s40 – 3,412.50
The strongest and most durable of all water
supply pipes but compara
This type of pipe is mostly used
for hot and cold water
distribution.
PIPE FITTINGS
PIPE FITTINGS
A FITTING IS USED IN PIPE
PLUMBING SYSTEMS TO CONNECT
STRAIGHT PIPE OR TUBING
SECTION,TO ADAPT TO DIFFERENT
SIZES OR SHAPES, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES, SUCH AS REGULATING OR
MEASURING FLUID FLOW.
FITTING MATERIALS FOR
CLEAN WATER SYSTEM
• GALVANIZED STEEL OR IRON
• COPPER
• POLYBUTYLENE
• CPVC(CHLORINATED POLYVINYL
CHLORIDE)
FITTING MATERIALS FOR
CLEAN WATER SYSTEM
• PVC(UNPLASTICIZED POLYVINYL
CHLORIDE)
• POLYETHYLENE
 ELBOW PIPE FITTINGS
• ELBOWS ARE
USED TO
CHANGE THE
DIRECTION OF
FLOW BETWEEN
TWO PIPES.
ELBOWS
• ARE GENERALLY AVAILABLE WITH
AN ANGLE OF 22.5°, 45°, AND 90°.
• NORMAL ELBOWS ARE USED IF
PIPES ARE OF SAME DIAMETER
OTHERWISE REDUCER ELBOWS ARE
USED.
• IT COMES WITH FEMALE THREADS.
REDUCER PIPE FITTINGS
• A PIPE FITTING
COMPONENT
WHICH REDUCES
THE FLOW SIZE
FROM LARGER
TO SMALLER BY
REDUCING SIZE
OF PIPE.
TEE TYPE PIPE FITTINGS
• A COMPONENT
OF PLUMBING
SYSTEM WHICH
IS IN T-SHAPE.
• COMPOSES OF 1
INLET & 2
OUTLETS
CROSS TYPE FITTINGS
• IT CONTAINS 4 OPENINGS IN 4
DIRECTIONS.
• THESE ARE CONNECTED WHEN
THERE ARE 4 PIPES ARE MEETING
AT A POINT.
• GENERALLY USED FOR FIRE
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
COUPLING
• IT IS USED TO
CONNECT THE PIPES
OF SAME
DIAMETER.
• IT IS USEFUL IF THE
PIPE IS BROKEN OR
LEAKAGE OCCURS.
UNIONS
• IT FUNCTIONS
SIMILARLY TO
COUPLING.
• HOWEVER, IT CAN
BE REMOVED
WHENEVER IT IS
NEEDED.
ADAPTORS
• IF THE PIPES ARE NOT
HAVING SPECIAL ENDS,
THEN ADAPTORS MAKE
THEM THREADED
EITHER MALE OR
FEMALE WHICHEVER IS
NEEDED
PLUG
• PLUG IS GENERALLY USED
TO CLOSE PIPE OPENING
DURING INSPECTIONS
AND REPAIRS.
• GENERALLY, IT CONTAINS
MALE THREADS.
CAP
• IT FUNCTIONS
THE SAME AS
PLUG BUT ITS
THREAD IS
FEMALE.
BRANDS
PVC
• MOLDEX
• ATLANTA
• NELTEX
SIZES & PRICES
ELBOWS (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
20 1/2 5.90
25 3/4 9.00
32 1 13.60
40 1-1/4 21.20
50 1-1/2 33.00
63 2 50.20
REDUCERS (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
25 X 20 3/4X1/2 7.10
32 X 25 1X3/4 11.50
40 X 32 1-1/4X1 20.00
50 X 40 1-1/2X1-1/4 25.60
63 X 50 2X1-1/2
32 X 20 1X1/2 46.00
TEES (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
20 1/2 9.00
25 3/4 12.50
32 1 22.50
40 1 - 1/4 32.50
50 1 – 1/2 47.50
63 2 82.50
COUPLINGS (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
20 1/2 4.00
25 3/4 6.00
32 1 8.00
40 1 - 1/4 12.00
50 1 – 1/2 18.00
63 2 30.00
ADAPTORS (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
20 (M & F) 1/2 (M & F) 7.10
25 (M & F) 3/4 (M & F) 8.20
32 (M & F) 1 (M & F) 13.00
40 (M) 1 - 1/4 (M) 18.80
50 (M) 1 – 1/2 (M) 27.00
63 (M) 2 (M) 48.70
CAPS (PVC)
DIAMETER NOMINAL PRICE (₱)
(mm) SIZE (INCH)
20 1/2 5.00
25 3/4 7.50
32 1 11.00
40 1-1/4 16.00
50 1-1/2 24.00
63 2 46.00
v The word VALVE is derived from the Latin valva, the moving part of a
door, in turn from volvere, to turn, roll.
v A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid
Valves are technically fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate
category.
v The simplest, and very ancient, valve is check valve, as it prevents or
"checks" the flow in one direction.
v Valves may be operated manually, either by a handle, lever, pedal or
wheel. Valves may also be automatic, driven by changes
in pressure, temperature, or flow.
v More complex control systems using valves requiring automatic control
based on an external input (i.e., regulating flow through a pipe to a
changing set point) require an actuator.
v Valves vary widely in form and application. Sizes typically range from
0.1 mm to 60 cm. Special valves can have a diameter exceeding 5 meters.
v Valve costs range from simple inexpensive disposable valves to specialized
valves which cost thousands of US dollars per inch of the diameter of the
valve
v Disposable valves may be found in common household items
including mini-pump dispensers. and aerosol cans.
Fire
Sprinklers

Town of Menasha Fire

6
Department
3
Types of Sprinkler
Systems
n Wet Sprinkler System
n Dry Sprinkler System
n Deluge Sprinkler System
n Pre-Action Sprinkler System

6
4
Parts of a Sprinkler
System
n OS&Y- Outside Stem and Yoke
n PIV- Post Indicator Valve
n Main Control Valve- Controls water
for whole system
n Main Drain- Drains System
n Inspector Test- Tests system
n Alarms- Waterflow or Air Alarms

6
5
66
 Wet Pipes
Wet pipe --------- by far the most
common,

Town of Menasha Fire

67
Department
 Dry Sprinkler Pipe
Dry-pipe --------- where water
freezing is possible,

Town of Menasha Fire

68
Department
 Deluge
Deluge ------------ for high hazard
applications,

Town of Menasha Fire

69
Department
 Pre-Action Systems
Pre-Action ------- where concerns over
water damage.

70
Types of Sprinkler
Heads
n Pendants
n Uprights
n Sidewalls
n Special Coverage

Town of Menasha Fire

71
Department
Town of Menasha Fire
72
Department
Fire Sprinkler
Colors
n 135-170 degrees = Red
n 175-225 degrees = Green
n 250-300 degrees = Blue
n 325-375 degrees = Purple
n 400-650 degrees = BLACK

Town of Menasha Fire

73
Department
Pendant Head
n Most common head
n Extends down from a ceiling
n Sprinkler sprays a stream
downward onto a deflector

Town of Menasha Fire

74
Department
Upright Head
n Sits on top of the piping
n Sprays water up towards the
deflector
n Can not be used as a pendant

Town of Menasha Fire

75
Department
Sidewall Head
n Comes out of a wall to protect
hallways or small rooms
n Has a fan shaped deflector
n Used in Hallways or special areas
that are not big enough for regular
heads

Town of Menasha Fire

76
Department
Types of Sprinkler
Systems
n Residential- Just beginning to
become popular
u Piping is made of a special CPVC
plastic
n Industrial- Heavy amounts of fire
load require many heads.
u Piping is usually made of metal

Town of Menasha Fire

77
Department
Town of Menasha Fire
78
Department
Future of Fire Sprinklers
n Home fire sprinklers are just
beginning to be made more
accessible
u Insurance rate cuts
u Better protection

Aqua-Flex Heads are easier to

install, and cuts back on labor
costs
More special area heads are being
created and tested
Town of Menasha Fire
79
Department