FY NEAR snes TECHNOLOGY FEATURES * Guaranteed 0.8% Initial Tolerance ™ Guaranteed 0.4% Load Regulation ® Guaranteed 10 Amp Output Current © 100% Thermal Limit Burn-in = 24 Amp Transient Output Current = Standard Adjustable Pinout = Operates to 35V APPLICATIONS = System Power Supplies ® High Power Linear Regulator ™ Battery Chargers * Power Driver, * Constant Current Regulator 5, 10 Amp Regulator 10 Amp Positive Adjustable Voltage Regulator DESCRIPTION The LT1038is a three terminal regulator which is capable of providing in excess of 10 amps output current over 4,2V to 32V range. The device is packaged in a standard 0-3 power package, and is plug-in compatible with industry standard adjustable regulators, such as the LM117 and LM138, Also, the LT1038 is a functional re- placement for the LM396. In addition to excellent load and line regulations, the 11038 is fully protected by current limiting, safe area protection and thermal shutdown. New current limiting circuitry allows transient load currents up to 24 amps to be supplied for 500, without causing the regulator to current limit and drop out of regulation during the transient. On-chip trimming of intial reference voltage to +: 0.8% combined with 0.4% load regulation minimize errors in all high current applications. Further, the LT1038 is manufactured with standard bipolar processing and has Linear Technology's high reliability. Load Regulation oad coma z 0} yr = Tope tan wa aS os ‘reow@=25 025 50 75 10) 105 80 TEMPERATURE (0) 3-53 a VOLTAGE REGULATORSLT1038 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION Power Dissipation ............... Internally Limited Inputto Output Voltage Ditferential............. 35V ‘oro view ORDER PART NUMBER Operating Junction Temperature Range sousmens/E\, vw LT1038M Control Circuitry ............ —55°Cto 180°C LT1038MK Power Transistor... —55°C to 200°C LT1038CK LT1038¢ fase Control Circuitry +. 0°C10 125°C ay Power Transistor ............... O°Cto175°C pace Storage Temperature............. 65°Ct0150°C roa uA can Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) » 300°C PRECONDITIONING 100% THERMAL LimiT BURN-IN ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (sce Note 1) ] em irosee SYMBOL | PARAMETER coNorrioNs Fna ee ae ] my TB aye | UNS Vrer | Reference Votlage | Iqyr=20mA, T)=25°C 12 425~«426 «| ~(4S~C«SSC«C OTS v BVEWy=Voys 3] e] 1.2425 1.285 0225285 | domA<\oy1 240K, P<75W | Boar Une Raguaton ] 3V= (Uy —Voun Vin | logr=20mA (Se | 0.005 00% ao 0.02 | wv | . aoe 0.03 aoe 009 | _ wv ogy | oad Reguaton | SOMA zag. 108 ae | (Seenac 3, Tansee | "*5V2(¥q—Vour) 95 0104 01 06 % | avsivn=Vour)s35v_|@ 0308 a3 % Thermal Regulation | T,=25°C, 20m Pulse Come 0.005 doe 0 _| TW Fipple Rejection | Voyr= TV, f= 120He “ios . fo ry « Chas= 104F a 7% a Tyan Aas Pin Cure Te so 100 50100 A “Blagy | Adjust Pin Current ‘20MA =Toy7 = 108 T | Change avn Vour'<35V |e o2 3 o2 3 aA Wir Toad | Wr Vour]=950 ° a= 7 mA current (Va=Vour) 3200 : 0 0 ma Isc Current Limit (Win—Vour) fy ef 0 0 4 A Transient (0.5ns) u 2 “2 A WV) =90T =O | te 2 a ‘AVour_| Temperature Stability ° T z as =z as Ten : : _ 3-54ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (soe Note LT1038 ———— 1) T1038 Lr103e0 sm oT! BOL | PARAMETER ‘CONDITIONS. woe wax | om ree aaa | UNITE ‘BVout_ | Long Term Stabity | T,=125°0, 1000 Hours ot ed % “Time % AMS Output Noise | T,=25°O, 0.007 0.001 % (%0tVour) sOHe st 5 10kkH2 Sie | Thermal Resistance | Power Transistor ° 7 7 =C7W Junction to Gase | Contral ciruitry 05 os | ecw ‘The @ denotes the specifications which apply over the ful operating serperature range Nate 1: Uniess otnerwise specie, these specincations apply Yon —Voyr=5V an Iqyr=5A. These specications are applicable for power disspatons up 10 75W, At input-output vltage atterentials pester than 10V, achievable output current and power dissipation secrease due to protection circuitry. "Note 2; See thermal reguaton specifications for changes in output vollage due to heating effects. Load and line reguation are measured ata constant junction temperature by ow duty cycle pulse testing TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS FREQUEN IneUTouTPuT DFFERETIAL(Y) Dropout Voltage Adjustment Current ‘Temperature Stability = os 7 sam at | gi 3 celal aT 5 Bo lar gs 2 sno = Bol + g ral —~ + z l | 2 2 z [ | g tad a° + TI Bio f | =| 44 : | 7 LL 120 goes os we | OE ee ae es ws wa we ‘urease 6) rere reer) Output Impedance Minimum Operating Current Ripple Rejection 0 wo ] Oye oy rs a ¢ | Ne z 2° T | 3 7 : | a a a os oe we a VOLTAGE REGULATORSLT1038 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Ripple Rejection “CTT Cy 1 RFP REAECTIN (oe) a 8 } PPLE RESECTION at) 00k et FREQUENCY a) Ripple Rejection 2 OUTPUT CURRENT} ‘PUT CURRENT 8) Current Limit Current Limit EAR CURRENT OMT occured ut Teagea5ee 00 eo |NPUT-OUTPUT FERENTIAL (¥) Line Transient Response "TT] m1) | ao TTT i PRELOkD Cun 10 1 T ourpur vouace EVAN (V) A - | ‘urPur cums a) ‘ance newt vou TNE (ns) a ime)APPLICATIONS INFORMATION General The LT1038 develops a 1.25V reference voltage between the output and the adjustment terminal (see Figure 1). By placing a resistor, Ri, between these two terminals, a constant current is caused to flow through Ri and down through R2 to set the overall output voltage. Normally this current is the specified minimum load current of 10 or 20mA. Because lan) is very small and constant when compared with the current through R1, it represents a small error and can usually be ignored. Bypass Capacitors Input bypassing using a 1F tantalum or 25,F electrolytic is recommended when the input fier capacitors are more than 5 inches from the device. Improved ripple rejection (80dB) can be accomplished by adding a 10yF capacitor from the adjust pin to ground. Increasing the size of the capacitor to 20, will help ripple rejection at low output voltage since the reactance of this capacitor should be small compared tothe voltage setting resistor, R2. For im proved AC transient response and to prevent the possibil- 2) Figure 1. Basic Adjustable Regulator LT1038 ity of oscillation due to unknown reactive load, a 1uF capacitor is also recommended at the output. Because of their low impedance at high frequencies, the best type of capacitor to use is solid tantalum Protection Diodes The LT1038 does not require a protection diode from the adjustment terminal to the output (see Figure 2). Im- proved internal circuitry eliminates the need for this diode when the adjustment pin is bypassed with a capacitor to improve ripple rejection. if very large output capacitor is used, such as a 100uF shown in Figure 2, the regulator could be damaged or de- stroyed if the input is accidentally shorted to ground or crowbarred, due to the output capacitor discharging into the output terminal of the regulator. To prevent this, a diode, D1 as shown, is recommended to safely discharge the capacitor. ” one Figure 2 AT NEAR 3-57 g VOLTAGE REGULATORST1038 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Load Regulation Because the LT1038 is a three-terminal device, it is not possible to provide true remote load sensing. Load regulation will be limited by the resistance of the wire connecting the regulator to the load. The data sheet specification for load regulation is measured at the bottom of the package. Negative side sensing can be a true Kelvin connection if the bottom of resistor R2 is returned tothe negative side of the load, Although it may not be im- mediately obvious, best load regulation is obtained when ‘the top of the resistor divider, R1, is connected directly to the case,nat fo the load. This is illustrated in Figure 3. if R1 were connected to the load, the effective resistance between the regulator and the load would be Rt Connected as shown, Rp is not multiplied by the divider ratio, Rp is about 0.0040 per foot using 16 gauge wire. This translates to 4mV/ft at 1A load current, so itis im- portant to Keep the lead between the regulator and the load as short as possible, and use large wire or PC board traces. Pp x (ea | Rp =Parasitic Line Resistance. a ranasire UNE RESISTANCE connect AITO GaSe at me ee [cannes ne TOLOAD Figure 3. Connections for Best Load Regulation TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Ww Paralleling Regulators A sonar (ut Ses 8) ign =4r0204 ose “ie os Re acts AS BALLAST RESISTANCE smNG ETE ENT SHARING evees. 3-58LT1038 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 10 Amp Variable Regulator* sano a0 won Pumaesison LETOS TVFE anc 12-009 GENERAL PURPOSE REGULATOR WITH SCA PREREGULATOR TO LOWER POWER, DISSIPATION. ABOUT 4V DIFFERENTIAL IS MAINTAINED ACROSS THE LT1038 INDEPENDENT OF OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND LOAD CURRENT. AT EAR 3-59 a VOLTAGE REGULATORSLT1038 Le TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Lamp Flasher ‘Automatic Light Control Protected High Current Lamp Driver wv “T 50 3-62LT1038 | SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM gp VOLTAGE REGULATORS LI WEAR 3-63