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Represent How heat travels How heat passes How heat flows
between objects inthrough fluids. through empty
direct contact. spaces.
Cause Due to temperatureDue to density
difference. difference. Occurs from all
objects, at
temperature
greater than 0 K.
Occurrence Occurs in solids, Occurs in fluids, by Occurs at a
through molecular actual flow of distance and does
collisions. matter. not heats the
intervening
substance
Transfer of heat Uses heated solid Uses intermediate Uses
substance. substance. electromagnetic
waves.
Speed Slow Slow Fast
Law of reflection Does not follow Does not follow follow
and refraction
CONCLUSION
Thermodynamics is the study of heat transfer and the changes related to it.
Conduction is nothing but the heat transfer from the hotter part to the colder one.
Convection is the heat transfer by up and down motion of the fluid. Radiation
occurs when heat travels through empty space.
Comparison Chart
(SPEED, VELOCITY & ACCELERATION)
Similarities
Both velocity and acceleration are vector quantities, which have both magnitude
and direction. ( Velocity and Acceleration)
Both the expressions can be positive, negative and zero. ( Velocity and
Acceleration)
Measures how fast an object is travelling. (Speed and Velocity)
SI unit is meter/second i.e. m/s. (Speed and Velocity)
Conclusion
The motion of an object can be explained as distance traveled, which can be
uniform or non-uniform, depending on the velocity of the object. The velocity of
an object is its displacement per unit of time whereas acceleration is the rate of
change of object’s velocity over a period of time.
Average velocity is always lower than average speed, except when the object is
travelling in a straight line without U-turn, where the magnitude of average
velocity, is equal to the average speed. Further, the velocity of the moving body
changes with the change in direction.
Comparison Chart
(DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT)
Conclusion
So, with the points mentioned above, you might have understood, the distance and
displacement are not same at all. Distance is the actual length of the path covered
by someone or something, but displacement is the length of the shortest route
between the starting and ending points. So, displacement is either equal to or less
than the distance between two points. Further, the reference point is used in
displacement but not in distance.
Comparison Chart
(LIGHT WAVES AND SOUND WAVES)
Electromagnetic waves are considered transverse waves because they have similar
characteristics. They have a crest, trough, wavelength, and amplitude
Transverse wave- particles move up & down, perpendicular to direction wave is going BACK.
Longitudinal wave- particle move horizontally along the wave in the direction the wave is moving
BACK.
REFLECTION - wave bounces back after hitting a barrier; examples: light reflected lets us see it
sound echoes
REFRACTION - bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another at an angle
(because wave changes speed in a different medium) example: light through a prism (light is
dispersed into separate colors)
DIFFRACTION bending of waves around a barrier
INTERFERENCE- two or move waves overlap –
CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE -2 waves overlap crests & troughs, combining both waves’
energy, makes it stronger!
DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE -2 waves overlap one crest on one trough, cancels out each
other’s Energy