INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

LEARNING OUTCOMES
define what is information
technology
Identify computer component
Identify the right ways of using
computer
Identify methods in maintaining
computers
 ICT
ICT is the technology required for

convert
information
processing, store
in particular protect
use for electronic
computer
To process
communication transmit and retrieve
devices information
software application
 ICT
Information, Communication & Technology
Information
 Information tool

The tools is to transmit Information are the

telephone, television and radio.
 Communication

Communication is an act of
transmitting massage. It is a process
whereby information is exchanged
between individual using symbol,
signs or verbal interactions.
Communication
Communication
Technology
Technology
 What Is a Computer?

How is a computer defined?

– Electronic device operating under the
control of instructions stored in its own
memory

Processes data into

Accepts data
information
Raw facts, figures, and
symbols Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful

Produces and stores results

 What Is a Computer?

What is the information processing

cycle?
 Input
 Process
 Output
 Storage
 Communication
 The Components of a Computer

What is an input device?

 Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions
 The Components of a Computer

What is an output device?

 Hardware that
conveys
information
to one or more
people
 The Components of a Computer
What is the system unit?
 Case
containing
electronic
components
used to process
data
 The Components of a Computer

What are two main components on the

motherboard?

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Also called a processor
The electronic component that interprets and carries
out the basic instructions that operate the computer

Memory
Consists of electronic components that store
instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by
those instructions
The Components of a Computer

What is storage?
– Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use

Storage media
Physical material on which data, instructions,
and information are stored

Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from
a storage medium
The Components of a Computer

What is storage media?

Digital
cameras
Portable, thin
memory cards
used in:
Handheld
computers
The Components of a Computer

What is a floppy disk?

– Thin, circular,
flexible disk
enclosed in rigid
plastic shell
The Components of a Computer

What is a USB flash drive?

– Provides much
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk or
Zip® disk

– Small and
lightweight enough
to be transported
on a keychain or
in a pocket
The Components of a Computer

What is a hard disk?

– Provides greater
storage
capacity than a
floppy disk, Zip
disk, or
USB flash drive
– Most are housed
inside
of the system unit
The Components of a Computer

What is a compact disc?

– Flat, round, portable metal disc
CD-ROM
DVD-ROM
The Components of a Computer

What is a communications device?

Hardware component that

enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions,
and information

Occurs over cables, telephone

lines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other
transmission media
Types of Utility Programs

1. File Management
2. Diagnostic
3. File Compression
 TYPES OF UTILITY PROGRAM
TYPES FUNCTION
File - to organize and keep track of files
Manageme
-to delete, copy, move, rename, view files,
nt
and manage directories or folders
Diagnostic -to maintain computer's performance and fix
system problems
-To ensure that computer system is well
protected from malicious data entry that
might damage the system.
File - type of data compression that shrinks one or
Compressi more files into a single file
on - occupies less storage space than the
original files did separately
 Defragmentation
Fragment
Fragmentation is caused by creating and deleting files and
folders, installing new software, and downloading files from
the Internet. The more fragmented the volume is, the
slower the computer's file input and output performance
will be. There are two main types of disk fragmentation :
file fragmentation and free space fragmentation.

Contiguous file
A file with all its parts stored in one location on a disk is
described as "contiguous

Unmovable file
Program files that is has to stay in the original place in
order to function properly.
 File Management

A well-designed file management structure

can:
make it easy to locate important files
quickly
keep related documents or files together
make it easier to move groups of data,
rather than having to search for individual
files, when you move to a new machine
facilitate sharing of appropriate files and
protection of non-public files
help you back up important data quickly
 File Management
1. Creating New Folders
2. Arranging Files in Folders
3. Moving or Copying Files in Windows
Explorer
4. Renaming a File or Folder
5. Deleting Files and Folders Safely
6. Deleting Program Files Safely
7. Finding Files
 File management
http://www.itc.virginia.edu/desktop/
docs/fms/pc/organize.html#tools