13/1-2/GHE, Date: 05/01/2011 BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY. DHAKA L-¥T-2 B. Se. Engineering Examinations 2008-2009 Sub: CHE 305 (Mass Transfer ) Full Marks 210 Time: 3 Hours “The figures in the margin indicate Full marks USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION SECTION—A There are FOUR questions inthis Section. Answer any THREE. 1.* (a) Explain the mechanism of transport of gases through a dense, non-porous polymer membrane. (b) An aerobic fermentation process uses a sparger to supply oxygen tothe medium. The ‘oxygen concentration in the fermenter is ‘The aeration can also be performed with a cylindrical hollow fibers module. ‘The fibers practically have negligible membrane resistance. The only resistance is in the boundary layer in contact with the fibers. ‘The feed is fed normal to the fibers and air is blown through the bore of each fiber. The resistance to mass transfer can be expressed as 37). 50% ety) Assume the solution media to be very dilute (the hydrodynamic properties are similar to that of water). The velocity past the fibers is 10 cm/sec and D = 2.1 x 10 em#/sec. Fach Tiber is 240 micrometer in diameter and the porasity is 0.5. How faster will the fibers aerate the medium than the sparger? + (6) What is the difference between dialysis, reverse osmosis, filtration and pervaporation? (a) Explain the temperature profile in a continuous counter-current adiabatic dryer with a neat sketch, (b) A particle board of dimension 60 « 60 x 1.5 em? and moisture content of 1.0 kg ‘water/kg dry solid is to be dried from the top side only. The bottom surface is insulated Air at 70°C with SOC wet bulb temperature circulates across the surface at a velocity 2500 kgim?-h. The critical moisture content is 0.4 kg HsO/kg dry solid and the equilibrium moisture content is 0.04 kg H:O/kg dry solid, The density of the board when dry is 0.7 glee Ifthe drying rate during the following-rate period is assumed proportional to the free ‘moisture content, determine the drying time required and the mass transfer eo-eflicient “The latent heat of vaporization at wet bulb temperature is 570 k calfky. For S1 system. (10) (15) (10) (10)CHE 305 (Contd. Q. No. 20 h. = 0.0143 GO* The enthalpy-temperature diagram for air-water system is provided herewith, (25) 3. (a) What is “wet bulb temperature"? What is its significance? (4) (b) What are the diferences between a atural draft and a mechanical drat cooling tower? (6) (6) A cooling towib is to be designed to cool 2 kg/m’s water from 50°C to 35°C using & counter-current flow of air of $ m*/m's. The dry bulb temperature and the percentage slave humidity of air is 22°C and 3086 respectively. Assume thatthe whole resistance toheat and mas transfer isin the gas phase only and ya 0.4, Determine the height of the packing required. Please attach the psychrometric chart with the answer script. (25) 4, (a) Derive Underwood's first equation for minimum reflux. (15) (b) A minture of r-Pentone, n-Hexane n-Heptane and n-Octane is tobe distil at tm. Ihe overall tage efficiency is 60% and the refx eto is 1.5 times the minimum rete ratio, Calculate the atal number of stages and also the opium fed location, Required data are ee in Table (20) / -.. Compoffers xP Xo Xe a vet O08 098 00 35 7. fh a0 O87 on 3 ve TR Torr Tr) i c= 706 ow oT07 w section 8 ‘There ave FOUR questions inthis Seaton, Answer any THREE. Assume reasonable value fr any missing data (2) What are the underying principles of Danckwers model of mass transfer? Derive the exresions for over rate of mass transfer per unit area whe the surface is renewed in ‘a random manner. (S+9=14) (b) What ae the unknown parameters in wo film thor, Penetration theory, and sre esl theory? Find each of there unknown parameters fr the eatbon dixie srubber described below: (6+15=21) CO; is being scrubbed out of a gas using water flowing through a packed bed of I-em Berlsaddles. The CO» is absorbed at a rate of 0.025 mol/m’s, The COs is present at a parial pressure of 13 atm, the Henry's law coefficient is 600 atm and the diffussion ‘coefficient of CO» in water is 1.9 x 10 * em*s.CHE 305 Contd... 0. No. 2(b) )) Ammonia gas is diffusing at a constant rate through a layer of stagnant air | mim thick. Conditions are such that the gas contains 50% by volume ammonia at one boundary of the stagnant layer. The ammonia diffussing to the other boundary is quickly absorbed and the concentration is negligible at that plane. The temperature is 295 K and the pressure is almospheric and under these conditions the diffusivity of ammonia in air is 1.8 « 10 ms. Estimate the rate of diffusion of ammonia thorough the layer. (hy A bubble of oxygen originally 0.1 cm in diameter is injected into excess stirred water. Afier 7 minutes the bubble is 0.054 cm in diameter, what is the mass transfer coefficient? Oxygen concentration at saturation in water is 15 x 10° molestliter at standard condition. + 7. A waste stream of aleohol in air from a process was absorbed by activated carbon particles in a packed bed having a diameter of 4 em and a length of 14 cm containing 79.2 g carbon, The inlet gas stream having a concentration Cy of 600 ppm and a density of 0.00115: gf entered the bed at a flow rate of 754 em"ss. The break point concentration is set at C/C, = 0.1, The data for the concentrations of the break through feet y Jas [4 [4 Joss uf6 [o2 [os [os cic, [oo 002 [03 [155 [396 [ess {903 | 933 | 973 995 | (7 Determine the breakpoint time, the fraction of the total capacity used upto the break point, and the length of the unused bed, Also determine the saturation loading capacity of the carbon, (Gi) The breakpoint time for a new column is to be 8.5 hr. Caleulate the new total length ‘of the column required, column diameter and the fraction of the total bed capacity used Upto the breakpoint. The flow rate isto remain constant. il) IPthe flow rate is increased to 2000 em'/s, what will be the diameter of the column’? S. (a) Experimental data have been obtained for air containing 1.6% by volume SO> being scrubbed with pure water in a packed column of 1.5 m? in cross-sectional area and 3.5 m in packed height Entering gas and liquid flow rates are 0.062 and 2.2 kmol/s, respectively. Outlet mole fraction of SO» in the gas is 0.004 and column temperature is near ambient, Equilibrium line fllows : y* = 40 x equation. (i) Determine the value of overall number of transfer units for this packed tower. Derive all necessary equations and assume any reasonable value for any missing data (Gi) What will be the value of volumetric overall man transfer coefficient for SO? (20) (1s) (is) 5) (20) (1s)frist on a sepanat page. The Chumines as to “adtmch his figune wit owrwen nenipt.) PAUPIEMH “FLT “Od Figuiie for’ Quiitien’ no- 2(b) agenteSmo sass vse | Pgune for Querhion n0- 3 &) Moisture Content, Kg/Mg Dry Air 0 \ ° 3 \e 15 20 3 \ 7» ° s 30 8 ons a0 Dry Bulb Temperature, °C oes om” ‘Below O°C Properties and Enthalpy Deviation Lines Are For Ice Humid Volume, m2/4g Dry Ait