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Name: Lily Rosencrantz Quiz Section: AI

ID Number: 1536928 Lab Partner: Alex Peck

Chem 142 Experiment #5: Kinetics I, Integrated Rate Laws

By signing below, you certify that you have not falsified data, that you have not
plagiarized any part of this lab report, and that all calculations and responses other Note:
than the reporting of raw data are your own independent work. Failure to sign this All sections of
declaration will result in 5 points being deducted from your report score.
this report must
Signature: be typed

Total Points = 60 pts (10 pts notebook, 50 pts template)

READ THIS BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE DATA ANALYSIS FOR THIS EXPERIMENT:
For this lab, you will first evaluate the data for the CV+ standards to obtain a value for molar absorptivity (e) that you will then
use to convert Absorbance data to [CV+] (Remember: A=elc). You will then evaluate the concentration data as a function of
time using the integrated rate law method of determining the orders with respect to each reactant and the rate contant for the
reaction at this temperature.

You will plot all of the data for the calibration curve and for Run 1. However, for the data in Runs 2-4 and the determination of
the order with respect to OH-, INSTEAD OF CREATING ADDITIONAL PLOTS, WE WILL USE A SHORTCUT THAT
EMPLOYS FUNCTIONS WITHIN EXCEL TO DETERMINE THE SLOPE AND Y-INTERCEPT FOR A SET OF DATA. For
example, to use these functions, click on the cell in which you want the result to appear and enter the following:

=SLOPE(A10:A15,B10:B15)

=INTERCEPT(A10:A15:B10:B15)

In this example, A10:A15 represent an the cells that contain data for the y-axis and B10:B15 represent data for the x-axis.
This is a shortcut for generating the slope and y-intercept values without actually creating a plot of the data and generating the
trendline equation of y = mx + b.

You will create three plots on page 4, using the data from Run 1, to determine the order of the reaction with respect to CV+.
Once you know the order of the reaction with respect to CV+, you will perform the necessary "slope" functions for the other
three runs to determine k' for each run. When you get to the section for determining the order of the reaction with respect to
OH-, you will also need to use the "intercept" function mentioned above.

Part I. Detemining the Molar Absorptivity for Crystal Violet

Concentration of stock solutions Volume of CV+ stock solution needed

CV+ 1.0E-04 M to make 25 mL of 1.0 x 10-5 M CV+ is
OH- 0.1 M CV+ 2.5 mL

Calibration Curve Data

Dilution
l max, CV+ 589.2 nm Factor [CV+] (M) Absorbance
10.0 1.0E-06 0.105
4.0 2.5E-06 0.173
Page 2 of 21

2.0 5.0E-06 0.436

1.0 1.0E-05 0.856
 Page 3 of 21

Place your calibration plot here. Make your plot big enough to cover this instruction box so that
it is large enought for someone else [CV+] vs Absorbance
to read.
0.900
This calibration plot is Abs vs. concentration of crystal violet(M) (y-axis vs. x-axis)
0.800 f(x) = 86024.0963855422x - 0.0053614458
R² = 0.9940536398
Use the online resources if you need help figuring out how to plot a graph in Excel.
0.700

Title the
0.600graph and label the axis, including the correct units (Absorbance data is unitless). Be
sure to double check your units and formatting once you print the report.
Absorbance

0.500

0.400
Add a0.300
Trendline to show the linear fit of your data. Choose a linear line andchoose the options
that will "display the equation on the chart", including the R 2 value.
0.200

0.100

0.000
0.0E+00 2.0E-06 4.0E-06 6.0E-06 8.0E-06 1.0E-05 1.2E-05

Concentration of Crystal Violet (M)

Slope of Absorbance versus concentration graph

86024 M-1cm-1
y-intercept of Absorbance versus concentration graph
-0.0054
Detailed calibration equations:
FROM THIS REPORT: 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑐�=86024𝑀^(−1) [ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀−0.0054

FROM THE LQ2 SYSTEM IN LAB: 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑐�=85210𝑀^(−1) [ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀−0.003458

What is the molar absorptivity for the CV+ at this wavelength?

molar absorptivity, e 86024 M-1cm-1
(Note: if you have two different values based on two different calibration curves, use the
equation that is based on your data analysis here in the Excel template, not the one from lab.)

Part II. Detemining the Rate Law for the CV+ + OH- Reaction
Table of Volumes and Final Concentrations During Solution Preparation for Runs 1-4
mL of mL of DI mL of [NaOH]final,
Run # mL Total [CV+]final, M
0.1 M NaOH H2 O 3.0 x 10-5 M CV+ M
1 2 0.5 0.5 3 5.00E-06 0.0667
2 1.5 1 0.5 3 5.00E-06 0.0500
3 1 1.5 0.5 3 5.00E-06 0.0333
4 0.5 2 0.5 3 5.00E-06 0.0167
*[CV+]final and [NaOH]final are the final concentrations after all reagents are mixed
 Page 4 of 21

and the initial concentration for the start of the reactions

 Page 5 of 21

Show your calculation of the [CV+] at the first timepoint in Run #1:
[ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀=𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑐�/∈=0.368/
(86024 〖 𝑀〗 ^(−1) )=4.28∗ 〖 10 〗 ^(−6) [ 〖��〗 ^+
[ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀=(𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑐�+0.003458)/85210𝑀^(−1)

Reaction Order Determination for CV+

READ THIS BEFORE PROCEEDING
For evaluating the data for Run 1, enter your time and absorbance values, as recorded in your lab notebook during
lab, in columns A and B, respectively. In column C, convert the aborbance values to concentration according to the
example you provided at the top of this page. In column D, convert the [CV+] values from column C to ln [CV+]. In
column E, convert the [CV+] values from column C to 1/[CV+] . Insert the plots used to determine the order with
respect to [CV+] on the next page, then come back and provide the summary information as requested.

Run 1
Time (s) Absorbance [CV+]t ln[CV+]t 1/[CV+]t
10 0.368 4.28E-06 -12.362 2.34E+05
20 0.322 3.74E-06 -12.496 2.67E+05
30 0.321 3.73E-06 -12.499 2.68E+05
40 0.296 3.44E-06 -12.580 2.91E+05
50 0.259 3.01E-06 -12.713 3.32E+05
60 0.226 2.63E-06 -12.850 3.80E+05
70 0.211 2.45E-06 -12.918 4.08E+05
80 0.192 2.23E-06 -13.013 4.48E+05
90 0.177 2.06E-06 -13.094 4.85E+05
100 0.156 1.81E-06 -13.220 5.53E+05
110 0.139 1.62E-06 -13.336 6.17E+05
120 0.124 1.44E-06 -13.450 6.94E+05
130 0.114 1.33E-06 -13.534 7.52E+05
140 0.105 1.22E-06 -13.616 8.20E+05
150 0.095 1.10E-06 -13.716 9.10E+05
160 0.084 9.76E-07 -13.839 1.02E+06
170 0.075 8.72E-07 -13.953 1.15E+06
180 0.069 8.02E-07 -14.036 1.25E+06

Which plot on the next page is the most linear? time vs ln[CV+]

Based on the plots you created on the next page, what is the order of this reaction with respect to CV +?
1st

RUN #1
What is the value of the slope for the most linear plot? -0.01000
 Page 6 of 21

What is the psuedo-rate constant (k') for this reaction? 1.00E-02

 Page 7 of 21

Time
Place your plot of [CV+] vs time vs Concentration
here, of Crystal
making it large enough Violet
to cover this box (so that it is easy to
.read)
4.50E-06
Concentration of Crystal Violet

FOR FULL4.00E-06
CREDIT:
3.50E-06 f(x) = - 2.02299277605779E-08x + 4.07406535947712E-06
- plot the correct data on each
R² axis
= 0.9593200093
3.00E-06
- correctly label each axis and format the axis such that the data being plotted fills the majority of the graph (axes do NOT need
to start at 0)2.50E-06
2.00E-06
- appropriately title the plot
1.50E-06
- use Excel1.00E-06
to add a trendline for the data...be sure to choose the trendline options that "display equation on chart" and "display
R-squared on chart"
5.00E-07
0.00E+00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Time (s)

.to read)
Time
Place your plot of ln[CV+] vs ln(Concentration
vs time of Crystal
here, making it large enough Violet)
to cover this box (so that it is easy

-11.500
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
ln(Concentraion of Crystal Violet)

FOR FULL CREDIT:

- plot the correct data on each axis

-12.000

-12.500
- correctly label f(x) format
each axis and = - 0.0099998968x
the axis such -that
12.2291764706
the data being plotted fills the majority of the graph (axes do NOT need
to start at 0) R² = 0.9973575142
-13.000
- appropriately title the plot

- use Excel-13.500
to add a trendline for the data...be sure to choose the trendline options that "display equation on chart" and "display
R-squared on chart"
-14.000

-14.500
Time (s)

Time
Place your plot of 1/[CV+] vs here,
vs time 1/Concentration of Crystal
making it large enough Violet
to cover this box (so that it is easy
.to read)
1.40E+06
1/Concentration of Crystal Violet

FOR FULL CREDIT:

1.20E+06
- plot the correct data on each axis
1.00E+06 f(x) = 5789.7832817338x + 54359.4771241832
R² format
- correctly label each axis and = 0.9420883778
the axis such that the data being plotted fills the majority of the graph (axes do NOT need
8.00E+05
to start at 0)
6.00E+05
- appropriately title the plot

- use Excel4.00E+05
to add a trendline for the data...be sure to choose the trendline options that "display equation on chart" and "display
R-squared on chart"
. 2.00E+05

0.00E+00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Time (S)
 1/Concentra
- use Excel4.00E+05
to add a trendline for the data...be sure to choose the trendline options that "display equation on chart" and "display
R-squared on chart"
. 2.00E+05

0.00E+00 Page 8 of 21
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Time (S)
 Page 9 of 21

Note: in row 202 of columns D and I, provide the correct column title

Run 2 Run 3
Time (s) Absorbance [CV+]t ln[CV+] Time (s) Absorbance [CV+]t
10 0.337 3.92E-06 -12.450 10 0.366 4.25E-06
20 0.320 3.72E-06 -12.502 20 0.336 3.91E-06
30 0.297 3.45E-06 -12.576 30 0.339 3.94E-06
40 0.277 3.22E-06 -12.646 40 0.318 3.70E-06
50 0.260 3.02E-06 -12.709 50 0.302 3.51E-06
60 0.242 2.81E-06 -12.781 60 0.281 3.27E-06
70 0.224 2.60E-06 -12.858 70 0.263 3.06E-06
80 0.206 2.39E-06 -12.942 80 0.251 2.92E-06
90 0.193 2.24E-06 -12.992 90 0.242 2.81E-06
100 0.178 2.07E-06 -13.088 100 0.231 2.69E-06
110 0.159 1.85E-06 -13.201 110 0.219 2.55E-06
120 0.147 1.71E-06 -13.280 120 0.207 2.41E-06
130 0.135 1.57E-06 -13.365 130 0.195 2.27E-06
140 0.125 1.45E-06 -13.442 140 0.188 2.19E-06
150 0.114 1.33E-06 -13.534 150 0.182 2.12E-06
160 0.106 1.23E-06 -13.607 160 0.177 2.06E-06
170 0.097 1.13E-06 -13.695 170 0.167 1.94E-06
180 0.090 1.05E-06 -13.770 180 0.155 1.80E-06
190 0.083 9.65E-07 -13.851 190 0.146 1.70E-06
200 0.076 8.83E-07 -13.939 200 0.138 1.60E-06
210 0.131 1.52E-06
220 0.125 1.45E-06
230 0.119 1.38E-06
240 0.113 1.31E-06
250 0.108 1.26E-06

RUN #2
What is the value of the slope for the most linear plot?

-0.00802

What is the psuedo-rate constant (k') for this reaction?

8.02E-03

RUN #3
What is the value of the slope for the most linear plot?

-0.00505

What is the psuedo-rate constant (k') for this reaction?

 Page 10 of 21

5.05E-03

Note: in row 253 of column D, provide the correct column title

Run 4
Time (s) Absorbance [CV+]t ln[CV+]
10 0.392 4.56E-06 -12.299
20 0.385 4.48E-06 -12.327
30 0.383 4.45E-06 -12.322
40 0.373 4.34E-06 -12.349
50 0.360 4.18E-06 -12.384
60 0.345 4.01E-06 -12.427
70 0.331 3.85E-06 -12.468 RUN #4
80 0.316 3.67E-06 -12.514 What is the value of the slope for the most linear plot?
90 0.304 3.53E-06 -12.553
100 0.296 3.44E-06 -12.580 -0.002719
110 0.291 3.38E-06 -12.697
120 0.281 3.27E-06 -12.632 What is the psuedo-rate constant (k') for this reaction?
130 0.270 3.14E-06 -12.672
140 0.265 3.08E-06 -12.690 0.002719
150 0.267 3.10E-06 -12.683
160 0.269 3.12E-06 -12.675
170 0.261 3.03E-06 -12.706
180 0.251 2.92E-06 -12.745
190 0.241 2.80E-06 -12.785
200 0.233 2.71E-06 -12.819
210 0.227 2.64E-06 -12.858
220 0.220 2.56E-06 -12.877
230 0.214 2.52E-06 -12.904
240 0.209 2.43E-06 -12.928
250 0.204 2.37E-06 -12.952
260 0.2 2.32E-06 -12.972

Reaction Order Determination for OH-

Consult the "Helpful Information" section in the introductory pages for this experiment in the lab manual for help with
this last section of data analysis. As explained in the Instruction box on page 1 of the template, for the slope and y-
intercept calculations you will use the functions in Excel rather than creating a plot.

Run # [OH-] k' ln[OH-] ln(k') ln(k') vs. ln([OH-])

1 0.0667 1.00E-02 -2.708 -4.605 slope 0.957
2 0.0500 8.02E-03 -2.996 -4.826 y-int -2.00
3 0.0333 5.05E-03 -3.402 -5.288
4 0.0167 2.72E-03 -4.092 -5.907

Show your calculation of the rate constant for the overall reaction.
ln(𝑘)=𝑦−𝑖𝑛𝑡�𝑟𝑐�𝑝𝑡
𝑘=�^(𝑦−𝑖𝑛𝑡�𝑟𝑐�𝑝𝑡)
𝑘=�^(−2.00)
𝑘=0.135
Show your calculation of the rate constant for the overall reaction.
ln(𝑘)=𝑦−𝑖𝑛𝑡�𝑟𝑐�𝑝𝑡 Page 11 of 21
𝑘=�^(𝑦−𝑖𝑛𝑡�𝑟𝑐�𝑝𝑡)
𝑘=�^(−2.00)
𝑘=0.135

Order of the reaction with respect to [OH-]: 1

Rate constant for the overall reaction, k: 0.135
Units for k: 𝑠^(−1)
𝑀^(−1
)

Results and Discussion

(3 pts)
1. Based on your data, write the complete rate law, including the value and units for the rate constant.

𝑅𝑎𝑡�=𝑘𝑠^(−1) 𝑀^(−1) [ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀[ 〖��〗 ^− ]𝑀

𝑅𝑎𝑡�=0.135𝑠^(−1) 𝑀^(−1) [ 〖��〗 ^+ ]𝑀[ 〖��〗 ^− ]𝑀

2. The literature values of the orders with respect to CV+ are and OH- are 1 and 1, respectively. Calculate
your % error for the experimental value for the order with respect to [OH -]. Discuss your largest sources
of error. (3 pts)
% 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟= |0.957−1.00|/1.00∗100%
% 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟=4.3%
This error could have come from not being precise enough while making the diltions, as there were sometimes
droplets of water above the etched line and the meniscus, meaning the molarity would have been lower than the
molarity I wrote down.
Another source of error was not being able to make sure the cuvettes were completely dry, as I could not reach
some droplets of liquid in the far corners of the cuvette with a kimwipe.

Laboratory Waste Evaluation (1 pt)

Laboratory waste is considered anything generated during an experiment that is disposed of down the sewer drain, thrown in
the garbage, collected in a container for disposal by the UW Environmental Health & Safety department, or released into the
environment. Based on the written lab procedure and your actions during the lab, list the identity and approximate amount
(mass or volume) of waste that you generated while performing this experiment.

18mL CV+ solution because we needed to redo multiple things involving the solution
10mL NaOH
approximately 500 mL of DI water for washing glassware and cuvettes, and diluting solutions
In total, we flushed 528 mL of waste down the drain along with plenty of tap water.
I used 5 kimwipes, 2 pipette tips, 1pH strip,
Laboratory Waste Evaluation (1 pt)
Laboratory waste is considered anything generated during an12
Page experiment
of 21 that is disposed of down the sewer drain, thrown in
the garbage, collected in a container for disposal by the UW Environmental Health & Safety department, or released into the
environment. Based on the written lab procedure and your actions during the lab, list the identity and approximate amount
(mass or volume) of waste that you generated while performing this experiment.

18mL CV+ solution because we needed to redo multiple things involving the solution
10mL NaOH
approximately 500 mL of DI water for washing glassware and cuvettes, and diluting solutions
In total, we flushed 528 mL of waste down the drain along with plenty of tap water.
I used 5 kimwipes, 2 pipette tips, 1pH strip,
 Page 13 of 21

ws
e:
sections of
report must
yped

y (e) that you will then

data as a function of
he rate contant for the

nd the determination of
RTCUT THAT
ET OF DATA. For
ollowing:

t data for the x-axis.

data and generating the

with respect to CV+.

nctions for the other
action with respect to

(5 pts)
tion needed
 Page 14 of 21

(4 pts)

uction box so that

xis)

xcel.

a is unitless). Be

oose the options

5 1.2E-05

(1 pt)

(1 pt)

^+ ]𝑀−0.0054 (2 pts)

+ ]𝑀−0.003458 (2 pts)

(1 pt)

ne from lab.)
 Page 15 of 21

(3 pts)

ebook during
cording to the
ln [CV+]. In
rder with
d.

(3 pt)

(3 pt)

(1 pt)
 Page 16 of 21

(1 pt)
 Page 17 of 21

(5 pts)
 Page 18 of 21

ln[CV+]
-12.368
-12.452
-12.444
-12.507
-12.6
-12.631
-12.697
-12.744
-12.782
-12.826
-12.879
-12.936
-12.996
-13.032
-13.064
-13.093
-13.153
-13.228
-13.285
-13.346
-13.397
-13.444
-13.493
-13.545
-13.584

(1 pt)

(1 pt)

(1 pt)
 Page 19 of 21

(1 pt)

(1 pt)

(1 pt)

for help with

slope and y-

(3 pts)
 Page 20 of 21

(2 pts)

e rate constant.

ctively. Calculate
ur largest sources

were sometimes
been lower than the

s I could not reach

ewer drain, thrown in

, or released into the
pproximate amount
 ewer drain, thrown in Page 21 of 21
, or released into the
pproximate amount