November 2, 2017 SBA 5: Identification of Functional Groups Cape Chemistry Unit II

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SBA 5: Identification of Functional Groups
graded for ORR, Observation, Recording and Reporting

Aim: To determine which of the four unknown samples A, B, C and D is an alcohol, a

carboxylic acid , an aldehyde or a ketone.

Apparatus test tubes and rack acidified potassium permanganate

and droppers sodium carbonate
Materials: beakers distilled water
measuring cylinders samples A, B, C and D
Bunsen burner Tollens reagent or Fehling’s reagent
spatula 2,4–dinitrophenylhydrazine (Brady’s reagent)
blue litmus paper

Procedure: 1. Add a small amount of the sample on a spatula and heat gently
2. Add about 2 cm3 of the sample to a few drops of water in a test tube. Test
the solution with blue litmus paper.
3. Add 2 cm3 of the sample to 2 cm3 of sodium carbonate solution in a test
tube.
4. Add 2 cm3 of the sample to a test tube containing a small piece of
magnesium ribbon.
5. Add 2 cm3 of the sample to a test tube and add a few drops of acidified
potassium permanganate.
6. Add 2 cm3 of the sample to a test tube and add a few drops of and add a few
drops of 2,4–dinitrophenylhydrazine.
7. Add 2 cm3 of the sample to a test tube and add a few drops of Fehling’s
solution. Gently heat the mixture.

Morant Bay High School 1 Dr. P. Dollenmeier

November 2, 2017 SBA 5: Identification of Functional Groups Cape Chemistry Unit II

Results:

Test Observation Inference

1. A small
amount of sample B
was added to a
spatula and gently
C
heated.

2 cm3 of each
sample were added
to a test tube and …

2. …a few drops
of water were added. B
The solution was
tested with blue C
litmus paper.

3. …2 cm3 of
Na2CO3(aq) were B
added.
C

Morant Bay High School 2 Dr. P. Dollenmeier

November 2, 2017 SBA 5: Identification of Functional Groups Cape Chemistry Unit II

4. …a small B
piece of Mg ribbon
was added. C

5. …a few drops B
of KMnO4/H⊕were
added. C

6. …a few drops B
of 2,4–DNP were
added. C

7. …a few drops
of Fehling’s solution B
were added. The
mixture was gently C
heated.

Morant Bay High School 3 Dr. P. Dollenmeier