El criterio de Hoek-Brown

para roca intacta

Dr. Alejo O. Sfriso

Universidad de Buenos Aires materias.fi.uba.ar/6408 asfriso@fi.uba.ar
SRK Consulting (Argentina) latam.srk.com asfriso@srk.com.ar
AOSA www.aosa.com.ar asfriso@aosa.com.ar
 El criterio de Hoek-Brown

𝜏
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

Criterio de fluencia al corte

en tensiones principales
𝜎) +
𝜎-
𝜎' = 𝜎) − 𝜎"# 𝑠−𝑚 𝜎"
𝜎"# 𝑐/

Parámetros: 𝜎"# , 𝑚, 𝑠, 𝑎

Genera una superficie de fluencia

similar a Mohr-Coulomb con
generatriz curva

2
 Significado de los parámetros
para roca intacta (𝜎"# , 𝑚# , 𝑠, 𝑎)
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

Compresión simple (𝜎) = 0): 𝜎' = −𝝈𝒄𝒊

0 +
−𝜎"# = 0 − 𝜎"# 𝑠 − 𝑚# →𝒔=𝟏
𝜎"#
Tracción triaxial (𝜎' = 𝜎) = 𝑐/ )
𝑐/ + 𝝈𝒄𝒊
𝑐/ = 𝑐/ − 𝜎"# 1 − 𝑚# → 𝒎𝒊 =
𝜎"# 𝒄𝒑
Compresión triaxial: 𝑎 ajusta la 𝜏
curvatura en el plano 𝜏 − 𝜎
𝒂 = 𝟎. 𝟓 para roca intacta
' Roca
𝜎) > intacta 𝜎-
𝜎' = 𝜎) − 𝜎"# 1−
3 𝑐/ 𝑐/ 𝝈𝒄𝒊
 Resistencia a compresión
simple 𝝈𝒄𝒊
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

Debe medirse en ensayos de compresión simple o triaxiales

Term σci [MPa] Field estimate of strength Examples
R6 Extrem. > 250 Can only be chipped with a geological hammer Fresh basalt, chert, diabase, gneiss,
strong granite,Quartzite
R5 Very 100 Requires many blows of a geological hammer to Amphibolite, sandstone, basalt, gabbro,
strong 250 fracture it gneiss, granodiorite, limestone, marble,
rhyolite, tuff
R4 Strong 50 Requires more than one blow of a geological Limestone, marble, phyllite, sandstone,
100 hammer to fracture it schist, shale

R3 Med. 25 Cannot be scraped or peeled with a pocket knife Claystone, coal, concrete, schist, shale,
strong 50 Can be fractured with a single blow from a siltstone
geological hammer
R2 Weak 5.00 Can be peeled with a pocket knife with difficulty Chalk, rocksalt, potash
25.0 Shallow indentation made by firm blow with
point of a geological hammer
R1 Very 1.00 Crumbles under firm blows with point of a Highly weathered or altered rock
weak 5.00 geological hammer
Can be peeled by a pocket knife
R0 Extrem. 0.25 Indented by thumbnail Stiff fault gouge
4 weak 1.00
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta
Parámetro 𝒎𝒊

Tracción isotrópica
𝜎"#
𝑚# =
𝑐/
Tracción simple
𝜎"# 𝜎?
𝑚# = −
𝜎? 𝜎"#
El vértice es (casi)
tracción simple
𝜎? 𝜎?
𝑐/ = > ≅
𝜎? 0.99
1−
𝜎"#
5
 Calibración de 𝒎𝒊

Principal Stresses (ILA) Principal Stresses (IBR) Principal Stresses (IGR)

Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

160 160 220

200
140 140

180

120 120
160

140
100 100
Major principal stress (MPa)

Major principal stress (MPa)

Major principal stress (MPa)

120

80 80

100

60 60
80

60
40 40

40

20 20 Serie S1 vs S3 (IBR) Series S1 vs S3 (IGR)

Serie S1 vs S3
20
Env. mejor ajuste Env. mejor ajuste Env. mejor ajuste

Env. ajuste restringido Env. ajuste restringido Env. ajuste restringido

0 0 0
0 20 40 0 20 40 0 20 40 60
6 Minor principal stress (MPa) Minor principal stress (MPa) Minor principal stress (MPa)
 Críticas “académicas” al criterio
de Hoek-Brown
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

• Un mismo criterio para falla al corte y a tracción

• Plano de ruptura oblicuo en el ensayo de tracción simple
(indetectable en la práctica, error 0.5%|1.0%)
• Fuerte curvatura deviatórica cerca de vértice 𝜏
𝜋 Mohr-Coulomb
𝜃=
6
Hoek-Brown
lejos de 𝑐/
cerca de 𝑐/

𝜋 𝜎-
𝜃=− 𝑐/ 𝜎?
6

7
 possible to arrive at a preliminary relationship between the Fair-
hurst tension cutoff (defined by sc =jst j) and the HoekeBrown
ength s3 ¼ "7.75 MPa. In other parameter mi plotted in Fig. 10. While more work remains to be
has no provision for predicting done on this topic, particularly more tests of the type carried out by
8, and highlighted by the “Ten- Ramsey and Chester (2004) and Bobich (2005), the authors suggest

Hoek-Brown complementado con

that Fig. 10 provides a useful practical tool for estimating a tensile
cutoff for the HoekeBrown criterion.
fracture criterion Examination of Table 1 shows that, for low mi values, the Hoeke
Brown criterion over-estimates the tensile strength compared with
t the Griffith failure criterion,
could be generalized in terms of
e strength sc =jst j as follows (a
falla por tracción simple
the Fairhurst criterion. However, for mi > 25 the HoekeBrown
criterion under-estimates the tensile strength by an amount that is
generally small enough to be ignored for most engineering
Appendix): applications.
Hoek (1965) assembled a significant quantity of laboratory
occurs when s3 ¼ st; triaxial test data for a variety of rock types and concrete and these
results (peak strength values) are plotted in a dimensionless form
Criterio de Hoek-Brown roca intacta

occurs when
in Fig. 11. It can be seen that individual data sets plot on parabolic

ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
Hoek (2014) propuso un “tension cut-off”
curves and that a family of such curves, covering all of the shear
data collected, can be generated for different values of the Hoeke
2 " # Brown constant mi. The constant mi is an indicator of the brittleness
" 4 s23 þ Ast s3 þ 2ABs2t
2 • Mecanismos de corte y tracción independientes
(7)
of the rock with weaker and more ductile rocks having low mi
values while stronger and more brittle rocks have high mi values. A
few data points for s3 < 0 are included in Fig. 11 and these are dealt

• Resuelve el problema de la “falla oblicua”

with adequately by the tension cutoff discussed above.

𝜏
Hoek
(2002)

Fairhust
(1964)
𝜎-
𝜎?

8 (Hoek 2014)
and triaxial compression tests by Ramsey
Fig. 9. Combined plot of HoekeBrown and Fairhurst failure criteria with tension cutoff.