Forces and Motion

Force
- A push or pull upon an object
- Caused by an object's interaction with another
object
Diagram of Force
 Motion
- Motion= movement
- Change in position of an object
- Force causes motion
 Sir Isaac Newton
- Discovered gravity and laws of motion
- Described what he found in “Philosophiae
Naturalis Principia Mathematica”
What
causes the
apple to
fall from
the tree?
 Newton’s First Law
Every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion
in a straight line unless acted upon by an external
force
- At rest = not moving
- Uniform motion = moving constantly
 Newton’s First Law
Forces:
- Throwing a basketball
- Catching a baseball
- Pushing/pulling a door
 Inertia
The resistance an object has to change in its state of motion

- Depends on the mass of an object

- the more mass= more inertia

VS
Which One Has More Inertia?

VS

VS
Who’s Going to Run Faster?
 Newton’s Second Law
The acceleration is directly proportional to the
net Force and inversely proportional to the
mass.
 F=ma
REMEMBER DIRECTION
AND MAGNITUDE
Ex. 50 mph west
If a=0 m/s2 for an object:
Could it be moving?
Could forces be acting on it?
If something is NOT moving:
Could it be accelerating?
Could forces act on it?
 Newton’s Second Law
- Forces can cancel out and still have forces
acting on an object
- Equilibrium = sum of forces is 0
If you apply a force to a large Mass, what do
you know about the acceleration?

F= ma
If you apply a force to a small Mass, what do
you know about the acceleration?

F=m a
Less mass more More mass less
acceleration acceleration
Accelerates in direction of net force
 GRAVITY
- Pulls you to center of earth
- Pst. that’s why you’re
seated, not floating
- Force of Gravity is WEIGHT
 Newton’s Third Law
For every action between two bodies there is always an
equal but opposite reaction.

Action Reaction Pair:

Forces come in pairs
If Chippy the Chipmunk
throws her peanut to the
right, in which direction will
her skateboard roll?
These two forces
are in opposite
directions but
equal in
magnitude.
 GRAVITY
- You’re exerting force on
earth and earth is exerting
force on you
- Cancel out
- Earth isn’t affected by the
force you exert
Newton’s Third Law + Tennis = SCIENCE!

What is the action reaction pair in tennis?

 Equal Forces
If objects involved have different masses, then their
accelerations will be different, even though the Force is
the same.

100N
 Equal Forces
If objects involved have different masses, then their
accelerations will be different, even though the Force is
the same.

100N
Which box would move the most?
Hint: the box with less mass
 - What is gravity?
- Who is Isaac Newton?
- Every action comes with a ______.
REVIEW - A big mass has a small or big
acceleration?
- If an object is accelerating at 0m/s
can it be moving?
- What causes an object to move or
stop moving?
- More _____ = More Inertia