UNIT 3.

PRELIMINARY TREATMENT

GENERAL

1. The unit processes of screening, grit removal, and grinding are referred to as: PRELIMINARY
TREATMENT
2. The purpose of preliminary treatment is to treat wastewater by removing: STICKS, ROCKS, RAGS AND
SIMILAR ITEMS.
3. If the preliminary treatment of incoming wastewater is not effective, the result is: ALL OF THE ABOVE

SCREENING

1. The difference between a bar screen and a bar rack is: The bars on a bar screen are CLOSER together
than those on a bar rack.
2. In order to be acceptable to a landfill, screenings must first pass a test call the: PAINT FILTER TEST
3. If a screen is not cleaned frequently, a possible result is: FLOW WILL BACK UP INTO THE CHANNEL
4. Holes in the bar screen trough allow: WATER TO DRAIN FROM THE SCREENINGS
5. When operating a fine screen, it is important: NOT TO ALLOW ORGANIC MATTER TO BE REMOVED
ALONG WITH THE SCREENINGS

GRIT REMOVAL

1. Heavy, inorganic and organic matter in wastewater that is resistant to breakdown is generally referred to
as: GRIT
2. The following is NOT a type of grit removal unit: VACUUM FILTRATION UNIT
3. In order to be effective, grit removal units must slow the wastewater to approximately: 1 ft/s (0.3 m/s)
4. A probable result of operating a grit chamber with an excessively low wastewater velocity is: SETTLING
OUT OF ORGANIC MATTER
5. The purpose of air in an aerated grit chamber is to: ROLL THE WASTEWATER AS IT FLOWS INTO THE
CHAMBER TO CONTROL VELOCITY
6. Grit is washed in order to: REMOVE ORGANIC MATTER

GRINDERS AND COMMINUTORS

1. One process problem associated with grinders and comminutors is: POSSIBLE IMPACT FROM THE
TREATED WATE FROM THESE UNITS ON DOWNSTREAM UNIT PROCESSES
2. Solids leaving the grinder or comminutor: REMAIN IN THE LIQUID WASTESTREAM

ODOR CONTROL

1. Odors generated from preliminary treatment can originate from all of the following EXCEPT:
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OFF-GASES
2. The most common source of odor from preliminary treatment is: HYDROGEN SULFIDE
3. Odor control measures can include chemical addition of all of the following EXCEPT: SODIUM
CHLORIDE
FLOW MEASUREMENT

1. Accurate flow measurement is necessary in order to: ALL OF THE ABOVE

2. A common type of flow measurement utilizes a: MAGMETER
3. A type of calibrated channel often used for the flow measurement is a: PARSHALL FLUME
4. In flow measurement, a bubbler tube is utilized to: MEASURE THE LEVEL OF WASTEWATER IN A
PARSHALL FLUME

SAFETY

1. Preliminary treatment areas pose a particular safety hazard of: DANGEROUS GASES
2. To protect against pathogens when working in a preliminary treatment area, an operator should:
PRACTICE PROPER HYGIENE AND WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
3. To protect against electrical shock when working in a preliminary treatment area, an operator should:
ALWAYS STAND ON A RUBBER MAT WHEN IN FRONT OF CONTROL PANELS

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UNIT TEST

Three types of grit removal units are: GRAVITY, AERATED, VORTEX

A probable result of operating a grit chamber with an excessively low wastewater velocity is: SETTLING
OUT OF ORGANIC MATTER

Chemicals used to control odors include chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, ferric compounds, ozone, and
potassium: PERMANGANATE

The following is NOT a type of grit removal unit: VACUUM FILTRATION UNIT
Convert 3.82 cfs to mgd. ANS: 2.48
Solution: (3.82 x 3600 x 24 x 7.48)/1 000 000 = 2.46876

A grit channel's settling velocity is designed at 0.075 fps with a liquid depth of 2.5 ft. What is the optimum
length of the grit channel, assuming a 1 fps wastewater velocity?
ANS: 33.3 ft
Solution: L = (2.5 ft x 1 ft/s) / 0.075 ft/s = 33.3 ft

Grit is washed in order to: REMOVE ORGANIC MATTER

Carryover of grit from the grit chamber may indicate the need to: CLEAN THE CHAMBER MORE
FREQUENTLY OR DECREASE THE VELOCITY BELOW 2 ft/s

In the preliminary treatment area, proper hygiene practices and wearing of protective clothing is needed
to protect against: PATHOGENS

Accurate flow measurement is necessary in order to: ALL OF THE ABOVE

A chemical commonly used for odor control is: CHLORINE

A proportional weir restricts or slows down flow through a gravity grit chamber by backing up water
behind the weir. Another method of slowing the flow is by: USING MULTIPLE CHANNELS OR TANKS

Odor generation in an aerobic biological treatment system would NOT generally be enhanced by: TOXIC
DISCHARGES

The head on a weir is measured: FROM THE CREST OF THE WEIR TO THE HORIZONTAL WATER
SURFACE IN THE WEIR STILLING BASIN

The purpose of air in an aerated grit chamber is to: ROLL THE WASTEWATER AS IT FLOW INTO THE
CHAMBER TO CONTROL VELOCITY

Hydrogen sulfide is: SOLUBLE IN WATER, CORROSIVE, AND TOXIC

Odor control measures can include chemical addition of all of the following EXCEPT: SODIUM CHLORIDE

Preliminary treatment areas pose a particular safety hazard of: DANGEROUS GASES

If preliminary treatment of incoming wastewater is not effective, the result is: ALL OF THE ABOVE

Testing and calibration of flow-measuring equipment should be done: AS PART OF A REGULAR

TREATMENT PLANT MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

A black color in wastewater might indicate: THE PRESENCE OF METALLIC SULFIDE COMPOUNDS,
INDICATING THE PRESENCE OF DISSOLVED HYDROGEN SULFIDE

In order to control odor from hydrogen sulfide, water containing sulfides should be maintained at a pH of:
about 9

In order to be effective, grit removal units must slow the wastewater to approximately: 1 ft/s (0.3 ms)

A device used in the measure of flow is a: WEIR

When an operator manually removes coarse solids from a bar screen, he/she must ensure that: THE
OPERATOR HAS PROPER FOOTING ABOVE THE SCREEN BEFORE STARTING

The varying water level through a Parshall flume can be measured using a: BUBBLER TUBE

Operators do not have to worry about toxic gases or oxygen deficient conditions in the preliminary
treatment area if the raw wastewater is fresh: FALSE

A grit classifier is sometimes used at a treatment plant to: WASH THE GRIT BEFORE IT IS DEPOSITED
INTO A DUMPSTER

Which of the following causes the greatest pipe friction loss: INCREASING THE VELOCITY OF
WASTEWATER