Ripple Analysis of New Simplified Multiphase

Cascaded Boost Converter (Dahono-8)

R.R. M. Alam1, P. A. Dahono2,
Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganeca No. 10-12, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
alamrasyidl@gmail.com

Abstract— in this paper there will be an analysis of the
ripple of the new simplified multiphase cascaded boost
converter. the analysis carried out comprises the
characteristic of the input current ripple on the input side,
and the effect of the phase quantity on the converter to the
resulting current ripple.
Keywords : boost converter; curren ripple, multiphase boost
converter;
I. INTRODUCTION
One of the fastest growing power electronics devices is the
DC-DC converter. The need for a DC-DC converter is due to
the need for a wide and varied range of DC voltage values.
Some applications of DC-DC converters are present in new
and renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, DC motor
controllers, and UPS (unterruptible power supply). One
source of renewable energy that has been widely used is solar
energy through photovoltaic (PV) technology. Electrical
energy generated by solar cells contained in solar panels. The
PV system can directly supply energy to the power grid or
voltage ripples are also desirable in most of applications. The
effects of current ripple on PV power generation systems
have been investigated in [5]. Current ripple moves the
operating point of photovoltaic towards the constant voltage
region of the PV characteristic, resulting in a sharp decline in
the average power [6]. No works have shown how to obtain
simultaneously a high voltage ratio and low current ripples.
In this paper efficiency a new cascaded DC-DC boost
converters for high voltage ratio and low ripple applications
is evaluated. The topology is simplified version of cascaded
connection of single phase boost converter and multiphase
boost converter. By using the proposed topology, high
voltage ratio and low ripples can be simultaneously achieved
without using a high number of switching devices.
II. NEW SIMPLIFIED MULTIPHASE CASCADED BOOST
CONVERTER
The circuit is shown in Fig.1. The principal operation of
this converter is connecting conventional boost converter and
multiphase boost converter.
iLs2 Ls2 Ds2

store its energy first to the battery. The output voltage of the iLp Lp Ds io

iLs1 Ls1 Ds1

solar panel or battery has a low voltage value. In general, the
Da1
voltage values ranging from 12 V to 125 V should be raised +
Da2
to 300 V or 400 V so that the rms value of the voltage Ed Co Load Vo

generated by the DC-AC converter (inverter) reaches 127 V Cm

-

or 220 V. S1 S2

Dynamic solar lights obtained by solar panels cause

a change in power generated. This can result in increased Fig.1 Dahono-8 DC-DC Converter
ripple current and increased ripple causing power losses to
increase. In addition, the characteristics of electric power As we can see, the converter uses two switches, three
generated by solar panels vary according to weather, inductors, five diodes, and two capacitors. The ideal voltage
gain is shown by (1).
temperature, and radiation, which causes the loss of power
losses. To achieve high performance, boost converter must 𝑉𝑜 1
have a high voltage gain range, has a small ripple both on the = (1−2𝐷)(1−𝐷) (1)
𝐸𝑑
input and on the output and has a high efficiencyA high And for N-Phase
𝑉𝑜 1
voltage ratio DC-DC boost converter is commonly used in = (1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷) (2)
𝐸𝑑
PV and fuel cell power generation systems. To obtain a high
voltage ratio, several topologies were proposed [1]-[4]. Low

1
 The parasitic elements of the converter comprise inductor 𝑑𝑖𝐿𝑝 ∆𝑖𝐿𝑝 𝐸𝑑 −𝑉𝐷 −(𝑅𝐿𝑝 +𝑅𝐷 +𝑅𝑆 )𝑖𝐿𝑝 −𝑅𝑆 𝑖𝐿𝑠2
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑡
= 𝐿𝑝
(8)
resistance, forward voltage and diode resistance during
flame, and switch resistance when on. The switch used in this The mean current value of the inductor (Lp) can be expressed
analysis is a MOSFET so that the parasitic element is a in the equation:
resistance when the MOSFET is on
If the parasitic component is taken into account then the
𝑉𝐶𝑜
equation for the output voltage becomes ̅̅̅̅
𝐼𝐿𝑝 = (1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷)𝑅 (9)

Substitute equation (3.21) into equation (3.20) so that it

becomes
𝐸𝑑 −𝑉𝐷 (1+(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷))
𝑉𝑜 = 𝐴 𝐵 (3)
+ +(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷)
𝑅(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷) 𝑁𝑅(1−𝐷)
1−𝑁𝐷
𝑑𝑖𝐿𝑝 𝐸𝑑 −𝑉𝐷 𝑉𝐶𝑜 (𝑅𝐿𝑝 +𝑅𝐷 +𝑅𝑆 (1+ )
𝑁
= − (10)
𝑉 𝑑𝑡 𝐿𝑝 𝐿𝑝 (1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷)𝑅
𝑉𝑜 1− 𝐷⁄𝐸 (1+(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷))
𝑑
= 𝐴 𝐵 (4)
𝐸𝑑 + +(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷) The peak value of the current ripple formed is equal to the
𝑅(1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷) 𝑁𝑅(1−𝐷)
current value flowing within the time range D.T, so the
current ripple value is
WIth:

𝐴 = 𝑅𝐿𝑝 + 𝑅𝐷 + 𝑁𝐷𝑅𝑆 + (1 − 𝑁𝐷)𝐷𝑅𝑆 (5) 1−𝑁𝐷

𝐷(𝐸𝑑 −𝑉𝐷 ) 𝐷(𝑅𝐿𝑝 +𝑅𝐷 +𝑅𝑆 (1+ 𝑁 ))𝑉𝐶𝑜
∆𝑖𝐿𝑝 = − (11)
𝐵 = (𝐷𝑅𝑆 + 𝑅𝐿𝑠 + (1 − 𝐷)𝑅𝐷 )(1 − 𝑁𝐷) + 𝑁𝐷𝑅𝑆 (6) 𝑓𝑠.𝐿𝑝 𝑓𝑠.𝐿𝑝 (1−𝑁𝐷)(1−𝐷)𝑅

III. RIPLLE INPUT CURRENT ANALYSIS WITH PARACITIC

IV. SIMULATION RESULTS
ELEMENT
New Simplified Multiphase Cascaded Boost Converter
Based on the initial specification of the converter, the
converter is modeled using parasitic elements. We can see it
expected output value is 400 Volts with an input voltage of
in Fig.2
48 Volts, or in other words the converter operates at the point
iLs2 RLs2 Ls2 VDs2 RDs2
of reinforcement 25/3. Based on the calculation with equation
iLp RLp Lp VDp RDp io (3), for converter 2 phase converter operating point is at duty
RLs1 Ls1 VDs1 RDs1
iCm
iLs1
iCo cyle = 0.406468, while for 3 phase converter converter
VDa1 RDa1

+ +
operation point is at duty cyle = 0,283294
VDa2 RDa2
Ed
+
Co VCo R Vo The simulation of the converter is done with PSIM
- -
Cm VCm RS1 RS2 software, the simulation includes a 2-phase converter and 3-
-
phase converter, using a 48 volt input voltage, a switching
frequency of 5kHz, and using the duty cycle value at the
Fig.2 Non Ideal Model converter operating point already obtained from the
The input current of the converter is the current passing calculation
through the primary inductor, to find out the magnitude of the Table 3.1 shows the parameters of each component. The
ripple of the current, first find the equation expressing the value of Lp inductance can be worth half of inductance Ls1
voltage generated in the inductor, the voltage generated in the and Ls2. That is because the current passing through the Lp
inductor is directly proportional to the change of current over inductor has twice the frequency of the switching or the ripple
time, this equation is expressed by equation (3.2 ) and (3.19). current frequency passing through the inductor Ls1 and Ls2.
From these equations can be seen changes in the current that As a result, the number of windings can be reduced which has
occurred within a certain time an impact on the value of the resistance being smaller.

𝑑𝑖𝐿𝑝
𝐿𝑃 = 𝐸𝑑 − 𝑉𝐷 − (𝑅𝐿𝑝 + 𝑅𝐷 + 𝑅𝑆 )𝑖𝐿𝑝 − 𝑅𝑆 𝑖𝐿𝑠 (7)
𝑑𝑡

2
 Parameter Value From the simulation results show that for 2-phase
converters the frequency of the input current wave is twice
Inductor Lp RL = 0,4 Ω; L = 5 mH the frequency of the current wave flowing in each phase,
whereas in the 3 phase converter the frequency of the input
current wave is three times the frequency of the current wave
Inductor Ls1 dan Ls2 RL = 0,4 Ω; L = 5 mH
flowing in each phase.
this also applies to the converter with the number of phase
MOSFET S1 dan S2 RS = 35,4 mΩ n, the more the number of phase used the higher the frequency
of the input current arising which, from this condition the
Diode D1 dan D2 VD = 1,3 V more phase used the better the ripple current characteristics
arise
Capacitor Cm dan Co 1000 µF Comparison of simulation results with mathematical
calculation results can be seen in the following table

Table 1 Component List 2 Phase Converter 3 Phase Converter

Parameter
Calculation Simulation Calculation Simulation

Duty Cycle 0.406468 0.406468 0.283294 0.283294

Vo (V) 400 400.3 400 400.2
̅̅̅̅
𝐼𝐿𝑝 (A) 33.358 33.395 56.760 56.801
∆𝑖𝐿𝑝 (A) 3.615 3.602 2.436 2.434
𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 35.166 35.187 57.978 58.016
𝐼𝑚𝑖𝑛 31.551 31.585 55.542 55.582
ΔIrms/Irms 3.124 % 1.237 %

Tabel 2 Comparison of simulation result with calculation

result

From the calculation and simulation it is shown that 3

Fig.3 Simulation results for 2 phase converter for input
current and phase values of each phase
phase phase converter has better ripple current characteristic
than phase 2 phase converter, this characteristic can be seen
in Δi_Lp and ΔIrms / Irms parameter of 3 phase converter
smaller than 2-phase converter, with this result it can be
concluded that the use of converters with increasing number
of phases gives the character of the increasing current ripple

CONCLUSION

By using the voltage equation of the inductor, we can find

an equation which states the magnitude of the input current
ripple in the Dahono-8 converter
The result of analysis using calculation and simulation
using PSIM, characteristic of input current ripple in converter
Dahono-8 shows that the more number of phase used rioak
input current that happened smallerer

Fig.4 Simulation results for a 3 phase converter for the
input current and phase values of each phase
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