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(ATPC)
What is ATPC
• What is ATPC: Automatic transmit power Control or Adaptive transmit power control
•DTPC: Dynamic Transmit Power Control
• MTPC: Manual Transmit Power control
• ATPC:Is a feature of digital MW radio ,which increases near end station Transmit power when far end
station RSL goes below pre defined/set Threshold either due to rain or due to other fades
• It is a closed loop feature. Holds RSL with in 5dB (hysteresis), of reference/set level
• Exponentially closes the gap for fast response
• Up to 30dB dynamic range. Tx Power adjustment in steps of 1dB
-60 dBm Rx
Threshold level
• Example: If Rx threshold is set to -60 dBm no output control is made unless RSL goes below -60 dBm
or goes above -55 dBm, so that RSL is maintained between -60 to -55 dBm
ATPC: How it works
ATPC TX Max
Station A
Tx Out
ATPC TX Min
Deep Shallow
5dB Fixed
Hysteresis
-55dBm
RSL
Rx Threshold
(-60dBm) Station B
Deep Shallow
ATPC Settings
Tx Rx
IDU ODU IDU ODU
Rx Tx
Site A Site B
Tx Max Tx Max
Tx Min Tx Min
Ref Ref
Tx Rx
IDU ODU IDU ODU
Rx Tx
Site A Site B
1. During rain spatio-temporal distribution of rain fields are not uniform and not correlated, Interfering
signals are not attenuated in similar proportion to wanted signals, consequently ATPC enabled links may
result in increased levels of interference.
2. As the distance increases rain field spatial autocorrelation function falls off approximately exponentially.
3. During rain events, what would be effect of ATPC ? Does it increase or decrease Interference to
neighboring stations?
4. Over what geographical area can rain fading be considered to be correlated? Which will have an impact
on the worst-case scenarios for the use of all-ATPC and mixed deployments.?
5. What is the most efficient way of maximizing the increase in usage of co channel frequency spots
through the usage of ATPC ?
6. By employing ATPC does the co-ordination distance for neighboring links subjected to excessive be
reduced with out compromising the quality of service .?
7. ATPC to be used to combat temporary fading of the wanted link rather than interference from the
unwanted link(s).?.
8. When to use ATPC and when to Use MTPC?
9. Introduction of ATPC may give rise to a number of additional outages in the presence of intense rain
(~10% increase for a frontal rain event).
10. Judicious adjustment of W/U ratio may be an appropriate technique for reduction of outages due to ATPC
11. ATPC may be more appropriate for combating temporary fading of wanted link rather than interference
from the unwanted link(s)?. Otherwise, a situation may arise where two ATPC systems repeatedly
increase their Tx power in response to each other’s interference until both are transmitting at their
maximum Tx power. This situation negates the purpose of ATPC
ATPC: How it works
Case1 Case2
+27dBm
-42 dBm RSL(Nom) (Tx Power Max)
Station A
20dB
fade
+17dBm
-62 dBm
-3 dBm,ATPC set
-72 dBm ATPC setting -TX Power
+27dBm
RSL(Nom) (Tx Power Max)
-42dBM
-3 dBm,ATPC set
40dB fade
-TX Power
ATPC setting
-82dBm Rx Threshold
Resultant RSL
(-82dBm)
= ATPC set RSL
Station A Station B
Station B
Case 1: Deep fade=20 dB, which is well with in the Dynamic/Compensating range (30dB) of PDH radio
Hence resultant/overall RSL is maintained at ATPC set level= -72 dBm
Case 2: Deep fade=40 dB, which is beyond Dynamic/Compensating range (30dB) of PDH radio
Hence resultant/overall RSL is 10 dB below the ATPC set level= -82 dBm
RSL
Impact of ATPC during rain(co channel operation)
Co Channel Operation
• In the below NW ATPC is enabled for all the 4 Links
• Link1: Is subjected to rain fade.RSL ofODU1reduces.Tx power of ODU2(siteB) increses.High Tx level of
ODU2(site B) interfere with ODU1(siteA) of Link 2
• Link2:Consequent to this RSL of Link2 of ODU1(SiteA) reduces.Tx Power at ODU2 (SiteC)
increases.High TX level of ODU2(SiteC) of Link 2 interfere with ODU1(SiteA) of Link3.Similary with ODU1
of Link1
• This process continue until both sites are transmitting to their maximum Tx power.
• It is noticed that in few geographies ATPC has resulted in 10% additional outages during rain
SiteE
ATPC SiteA
Site A Rain SiteB
LInk1
ATPC ODU1 ODU2
ATPC
SiteA ATPCTX level High
Adjacent Channel Operation ATPC SiteA
• Impact is same as co channel links.
ATPC
• However adjacent frequency spot links may
not be subjected to similar additional
Outages during rain like co channel links
in ATPC enabled links
SiteC
ATPC
TX level Low
ATPC SiteD
Mitigation of ATPC induced outages during rain(co channel operation)
• Acute angle Links
• In the below NW Link1,Link2 are acute angle co channel links due to low branching angle(<40 degrees)
• ODU1 ‘s mounted at Site A Link1 and Link2 are victim ODU’s and ODU2 of Site B,ODU2 of Site C are
interfering sites
• Change ATPC to MTPC for both the ODU1’s of Link1& Link2,ODU2’s to be retained in ATPC mode
SiteE
ATPC SiteA
Site A Rain SiteB
LInk1
ATPC ODU1 ODU2
MTPC
SiteA ATPCTX level High
• Adjacent Channel Operation ATPC SiteA
• ATPC to be enabled at both sites
MTPC
SiteC
ATPC
TX level Low
ATPC SiteD
Waluj -Chitegaon Link: RSL log Before ATPC enabling
Before
Enabling
ATPC,RSL of
Both main &
diversity
Paths were
Subjected to
Interference/
Multipath
And RSL was
varying from
-30dBm to -65
dBm.After
Enabling
ATPC
RSL of both
main and
Diversity
paths
Maintained
at -33 to -38(
Main) & at -35
• Walj-Chitegaon:2 4 Kms 6 GHz SD Link
To -40 dBM
•1) Blue Chart;RSL Log-Main path, 2) Red Chart;RSL Log-Diversity path
(SD) paths
Soc Classification level
11 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Waluj-Chitegaon Link: RSL log After ATPC enabling
• Walj-Chitegaon: 1)Blue Chart;-SL Log-Main path 2) Red Chart ,RSL Log-Diversity path
• After enabling ATPC RSL is maintained with in 5dB
Soc Classification level
12 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Paithan - Pingli Link RSL & TX Logs after ATPC
Chart 1:
• Paithan site Tx & RX Logs after enabling
AT PC
• Before enabling ATPC RSL of Paithan &
Pingli link was varying from -40 dBm to -60
dBm.
•After enabling ATPC RSL held constant
between -40 t0 -50 dBm
•Blue chart indicates the RSL variation
•Pink Chart indicates TX variation to
compensate RSL variation
Chart 2:
• Pingli site Tx & RX Logs after enabling
AT PC
•RSL variation
•Pink Chart indicates TX variation to
compensate RSL variation