PROJECT SYNOPSIS

SCADA and PLC Based Distribution and Substation

Automation

TEAM MEMBERS

Electrical and Electronics

Engineering Department
SCADA and PLC Based Distribution and Substation
Automation
AIM
To design a SCADA and PLC based distribution and substation automation
system.

INTRODUCTION

The power control of various loads can be achieved via an automatic power
correction unit consisting of a bank of capacitors and a switching element or a
stepper motor for automatic switching between capacitors by measuring the pf of
the network grid. The use of such a unit improves the power quality by reducing
harmonics at the load side, which also improves the power factor and stabilize the
grid voltage. Using passive filters in the unit avoid the high harmonics that
consequences the power factor decrease. To improve the power factor an
appropriate operation of the switching element is proposed in this paper. The
system behavior is studied through simulation and experimental investigation.
The power factor correction is verified.

WORKING
The unit consists of a pf measuring device, a bank of static capacitors, a
switching device or a stepper motor and a control unit for automatic switching.
1. The power factor of the network is measured at each point of time.
2. When the pf decreases beyond a set limit the control unit gives signal to the
switching element or stepper motor to switch between the static capacitors.
3. By using this technique, the pf of the network can always kept near to unity
which may lead to higher grid stability and lower power consumption.

APPLICATIONS

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  PF improvement for heavy duty pump-sets used for agricultural purposes.
 PF improvement of battery charging units used in industries and
institutions.
 PF correction for domestic loads leads to reduction in electricity price.
 Overall power quality improvement of network consisting of inductive
loads.
 Provides grid stability by stabilizing the supply voltage and by controlling
the current drawn to inductive loads.

ADVANTAGES
1. Reduced electricity charges.
2. Increased load carrying capacity of existing networks.
3. Improved supply voltage.
4. Reduced power system losses.

DISADVANTAGES
1. Short service life ranging from 5-10 years.
2. Chance of damage with exceeding voltage supply.
3. Uneconomical and higher maintenance for capacitor replacement.

RESULT
The grid stability and power quality improves. The electricity price
becomes low due to higher power factor of the network and the power capacity
of the existing network increases.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM