http://www.sap-img.com/sap-pp.

htm

Why used Planning tools like APO or I2?

APO and I2 are Finite PLANNING tools. When MRP runs with APO or I2 (or Red Pepper or
Manugistics), it takes Capacity issues into consideration. MRP in SAP R/3 Core does not, it
assumes infinite capacity available. (MRP only looks at material availablity.)

However, SAP R/3 DOES do finite SCHEDULING, which is where the system 'dispatches"
operations on a production order until it fills up the capacity available, then moves to the next
time period and dispatches until that period is filled up. In SAP speak, that is called capacity
leveling.

I believe APO should only be used in very large companies (billions) because of the amount of
master data that must be maintained, and that data better be ACURATE, or you've wasted a heck
of a lot of time. By the way, APO stands for Advanced Planner and Optimizer tool, obviously a
German sort of name!

Differences between planning and scheduling, finite and infinite

R/3 does planning without consideration for capacity situations. So if MRP says you need 500
parts on 3/1/04, it schedules them all to be built at the same time, even though you can only do
100 at a time. Assume you have a fixed lot size of 100, you'll get 5 planned orders for 100 to
start on the same day. This is "Infinite Planning". APO would recognize that constraint, and
instead schedule out the 5 orders over time. The important part of that is that it also will schedule
out the deliveries of the components for 5 different days. This is "Finite Planning".

Now, assume old fashion MRP. It schedules all 5 orders for the same day, and the buyers go out
an get all of the components for the same day. Then the planner realizes he can't do all 5, and
manually changes the schedule, and manually spreads out the 5 orders. The buyers will recieve
rescheduling notifications, but not until the scheduler does the manual rescheduling. You could
call this "Infinite Scheduling", but that only means the same thing as Infinite Planning.

But, SAP has "Capacity Leveling". What that means is you run another program after MRP
(CM27 and CM28), which can be run in batch mode overnight. (There is a ton of configuration
and thinking that will be required to do this!). The capacity leveling program will recognize the
constrant at the work center level, and fill up the first day, then re-schedule the next order to the
next available capacity, then the next order searches for available capacity, and so on. This is
called "Finite Scheduling". The problem with this is the opposite of Infinite Planning, which is it
doesn't take Material availablity into consideration! The system will re-schedule a production
order without thinking about whether the materials will be available or not.

Finite Planning does Finite Sheduling at the same time. If there is no capacity available on the
desired date, the system looks for when capacity IS available. Then it stops to see if Materials
will also be available (usually based on the lead-time for those components). If there is a material
problem, then the system figures out when the materials WILL be available, and then
checks to see if capacity is available on THAT day, and if so, it blocks off capacity, and allocates
the materials for that day.

The Concept Of MRP in SAP

MRP in brief :

MRP is the planning tool in SAP which will look at all aspects of a material and is highly based
upon the master data of the material. MRP looks at current inventory, current requirements, open
purchase req/orders and so on. So if a material is required to satisfy a sales order and there is no
inventory, MRP will create a planned order if the item is to be produced in house. This planned
order can then be converted to a production order by the master scheduler. If the item is to be
procured, then MRP will create a purchase req which the Buyer will convert to a purchase order.
This is just one scenario, the system is highly configurable and will do pretty much whatever you
tell based on config and master data.

Consumption based planning

- Reorder planning
- Forecast based planning
- Time phased planning

Details of re-order planning

Our motive is to maintain optimum stock level of all the material included in the resource
planning. so in this user or system sets a particular quantity of stock as reorder point . Whenever
stock quantity fall below this point(reorder point) mrp comes into action and generates
procurement proposals according to the settings done in implementation guide

MRP run procedure

1. Create requirement or demand in MD61

2. MRP run by MD02 for a single material
3. See the result in stock requirement list in MD04.

MRP run we can carry out by

1. MD02 - single item multi level

2 .MD03 - single item single level
3 .MD01 - Total planning
4. MD04 Check MRP
5. MD05 MRP lists

For PP, you require following Master Data

1. Material master (MM01)
2. BOM (CS01)
3. Routing (CA01)
4. Work Center (CR01)
5. CK11N / CK40N - Cost Estimate

Production Cycle: -

1. PIR (Planned Independent Reqmt. - MD61)

2. MD02 - MRP Run
3. MD04 - Stock Requirement List
4. CO40 - Convert Planned Orders to Production Order OR CO01 - Create Production Order
5. Here in Production Order - Schedule Order, Release order
6. MIGO / MB1A - Goods Issue against Order (Mvmt Type 261)
7. CO11N - Production Operation confirmation
8. MIGO / MB31 - GR against Prd order
9. CO02 - Technical completion of order
10. KO88 - Order Settlement

Difference between MRP vs MPS

Explain the difference between MRP & MPS. Though both components gives you the
requirement list, what we gain out of MPS run rather than running MRP. What is the
main idea behind this?

The following might help in explaining the difference between MPS and its counter part MRP.

Master Production Schedule (MPS) :

MPS operates within only one level of the BOM, While MRP can be utilized throughout
all levels of a material‟s BOM. If a MPS is run on a material, the necessary orders are planned
at that level. Dependent requirements (if any) are placed on the next BOM level down, and then
the process stops.

Main Idea : Master production scheduling (MPS) is a form of MRP that concentrates planning
on the parts or products that have the great influence on company profits or which dominate the
entire production process by taking critical resources. These items are marked as „A‟ parts (MPS
items) and are planned with extra attention. These items are selected for a separate MPS run that
takes place before the MRP run. The MPS run is conducted without a BOM explosion so that
the MRP controller can ensure that the Master schedule items (MSI) are correctly planned before
the detailed MRP run takes place.

The master production schedule is a line on the master schedule grid that reflects the anticipated
build schedule for those items assigned to the master scheduler. The master scheduler maintains
this schedule, and in turn, it becomes a set of planning numbers that drives material requirements
planning. It represents what the company plans to produce expressed in specific configurations,
quantities, and dates. The master production schedule is not a sales item forecast that represents a
statement of demand. The master production schedule must take into account the forecast, the
production plan, and other important considerations such as backlog, availability of material,
availability of capacity, and management policies and goals. Syn: master schedule.

Material Requirements Planning (MRP) :

A set of techniques that uses bill of material data, inventory data, and the master production
schedule to calculate requirements for materials. It makes recommendations to release
replenishment orders for material. Further, because it is time-phased, it makes recommendations
to reschedule open orders when due dates and need dates are not in phase. Time-phased MRP
begins with the items listed on the MPS and determines

(1) the quantity of all components and materials required to fabricate those items and

(2) the date that the components and material are required. Time-phased MRP is accomplished
by exploding the bill of material, adjusting for inventory quantities on hand or on order, and
offsetting the net requirements by the appropriate lead times.

MRP Interview Questions:

What is the need of mrp list if stock requirement list is already there?

The MRP list displays the result of the last planning run. Changes that have occurred between
planning runs are ignored in the MRP list. In contrast to this, the system displays all changes in
stock, receipts and issues, which have currently occurred, in the stock/requirements list.

Which tcode are used to run MRP?

- MD01 is generally used to run the MRP for all the materials in a plant normally just before go-
live.
- MD02 is used to run MRP for materials which have a BOM i.e multi-level.
- MD03 is used to run MRP for materials which do not have a BOM i.e single level.

Calculation to determine the delivery date and release date

There have been three parameters that SAP will take it into calculation to determine the delivery
date and release date during material requirement planning. They are -

1) Planned Delivery Time which is the vendor-dependent lead time being measured from the
time PO is outputted (for sending to the vendor) till the time the shipment is delivered at the
warehouse.

2) GR processing time represents the necessary period of time being required for receipting the
shipment into the warehouse. This period is, usually, for quality and quantity inspection.
3) Purchasing Processing Time. This is the internal required time for processing the purchasing
document (Purchase Requisition) till Purchase Order. You can set it up plant-wise via
Transaction OMI8.

With these three parameters, it is possible that you can set it up correctly in your system to
enable the appropriate planning of your material requirement.

Questions on MRP Group and MRP Controller

MRP groups are used when the plant division for planning is not enough for the division of the
different materials MRP requirements. You assign different groups according to the requirements
to run MRP (different Settings). These settings will be taken in account when you run MRP for
single item or total planning.

MRP controller is the person in charge of the MRP run for the materials. It is still a further
division on your MRP. This is work load related. You can have one MRP controller for materials
with different MRP groups.

On your MRP group, you will define the parameters for the MRP run. These parameters are
calculated in accordance with the settings on your material master MRP views.

Available stock =
Plant stock - safety stock +
receipts of (purchasing orders + purchasing agreements + production orders) - required
quantity.

This means that all the requirements are calculated in the bases of your material master settings
and your MRP group settings.

What if nothing happens when you run MRP?

The reasons could be :-

- You have purchase requisitions that are delayed but the delivery time has not been updated on
the system.

- The settings on your material MRP screens are not correct, i.e. your material have not yet
entered the re-order point level.

- Your requirements have not been taken in account when running MRP.

Assuming that everything is well and the requirement has been calculated, go to transaction code
MD04 and verify that the different requirements are reflected in the MRP list and also if there is
any purchase requisition scheduled by the system. Verify also if there is any other delivery
schedule that will exceed the actual requirements.

If the purchasing requisition is there, the only thing that you have to troubleshoot is the message
to tell you that the purchasing requirement was calculated.

If the requirement is not there, re-visit your material master and check your settings for the MRP
group.

What is the real meaning and usage of the followings configured in PP:
1. MRP Controller;
2. Schedule margin key;
3. MRP group;
4. MRP profile.

1. MRP Controller;
This will help you to group the material for some controlling purpose. You can run mrp by mrp
controller.
you can do evaluation by mrp controller. This will help us if have different people in one
organisation involved in purchasing.

2. Schedule margin key;

This will help you to determine the floats. In case if you have production order you can see the
impact of floats

3. MRP group;

This will help you for the material to reac in tems of the settings made relavant to each
group. To know more details on the group you can chek the tcode oppr.

4. MRP profile
We can have some prefixed datas in the profile and and we can enter teh profile for diff material
so the values will copied as defaulted in the profile.

Please explain what you understand about MRP profile, MRP group, MRP controller and
MRP type.

MRP Profile : All the MRP 1,2,3,4 views in the material master data are entered in this profile
and create MRP profile.

When you are creating Material Master in MM01 while entering the plant and storage location
enter your MRP profile so that you do not need to enter the MRP data again

MRP Group: It is a planning strategy for carrying out the MRP.

In this group there are two types from procurement side

1) MADE TO ORDER
In this once sales order is booked, MRP will run and the P.R will be converted to P.O.

2) MADE TO STOCK: Depends on the forecast model they will plan material and keep the
finished product in STOCK
You can create the MRP Group so that material can be tracked.

MRP groups are used when the plant division for planning is not enough for the division of the
different materials MRP requirements. You assign different groups according to the requirements
to run MRP (different Settings). These settings will be taken in account when you run MRP for
single item or total planning.

Setting --> SPRO --> MM --> Consumption based planning --> Define MRP group.

MRP controllers : It is like a production controller in an industry. He will plan all the required
material for the daily plan.

It will be classified according to the materials & Buyer like

Casting - one MRP controller

Forging - One MRP controller

All Bought Ourt - One MRP controller

Sheet Metal - One MRP controller

MRP controller is the person in charge of the MRP run for the materials. It is still a further
division on your MRP. This is work load related. You can have one MRP controller for materials
with different MRP groups.

Setting --> SPRO --> MM --> Consumption based planning --> Master data --> Define MRP
group.

MRP types : In the MRP types different categories are there

1) Produce to Demand

2) Consumption based planning

3) Forecast based planning

It is procedure that you set in the system on how the Material is planned

- Reorder Point
- Seasonal requirement

- Replenishment

- Vendor Managed

- Forecast Based

- Master production Scheduling

Setting --> SPRO --> MM --> Consumption based planning --> Master data --> Define MRP
types

Total Planning & Netch, Netpl, Neupl

What is the difference in between total planning & netch, neupl, netpl?

By : Sankaran

1. Regenerative planning (NEUPL): System plans all the materials that are contained in the
planning file

2. Net change planning (NETCH) or Net change planning in the planning horizon (NETPL): The
system only plans materials that have undergone a change relevant to MRP since the last
planning run.

NETCH: In net change planning only those materials are planned for which the net change
planning indicator in the planning file has been set as a planning file entry. The system usually
sets the indicator automatically as soon as a change is made to the material that is relevant to
MRP.

NETPL: The system only plans materials that have undergone a change that is relevant to the
planning run within the period which you defined as the planning horizon. The system sets the
net change planning horizon indicator automatically for these materials

Remember the following point : The changes cause an entry in the planning file to be made:

 Changes to stock, if these change the stock/requirements situation of the material

 Creation of purchase requisitions, purchase orders, planned orders, sales requirements,
forecast requirements, dependent requirements or reservations
 Changing to fields that are relevant to the planning run for these receipts and issues or in
the material master
 Deleting receipt or issue quantities

What Is Planned and Unplanned Consumption

Define what is planned and unplanned consumption?
What is difference between MRP strategies and consumption based planning ?

Unplanned consumption is updated only for materials planned using MRP. This occurs in the
following cases:

1) If goods are withdrawn from the warehouse without a reservation.

2) If goods are withdrawn on the basis of a reservation, but the quantity actually withdrawn
exceeds the reservation.

Planned consumption is not displayed in the material master record. However, you can calculate
it yourself by subtracting unplanned consumption from total consumption.
The system normally updates the consumption values in the material master record automatically
whenever stock is withdrawn from the warehouse.

Material requirements planning is carried out using current and future sales figures.
Consumption-Based Planning uses past consumption data to calculate future requirements with
the help of the material forecast or statistical planning procedures.

The consumption based planning means:

If you are planning your Raw Material not by MRP run, then use Consumption based planning
with reorder point. For this the MRP type is VB. The system will not generate PR during MRP
run. When ever you issue a RM the system will look for reorder point and if the stock is less than
this it will run in planning file entry. The system will raise PR at that point of time only.

In which Tables can I find:

1. Consumption of material
2. Stock of material

1. Consumption of material: MARC-VMORD

MSEG - MENGE
S026 - ENMNG

2. Stock of material: MARD Table

Choose the following filed
Unrestricted: LABST
Restricted use: EINME
Blocked: SPEME
Return: RETME

What is Finite and Infinite Scheduling

What is finite and infinite scheduling? How it is carried out? What is to be done for each
one? What are their significance?
Differences between planning and scheduling, finite and infinite

Finite Scheduling
Scheduling type within capacity planning that takes account of the capacity loads which already
exist. Finite scheduling calculates the start and finish dates for operations in the order. It is a
detailed scheduling strategy with which you schedule orders and operations, taking into account
the existing resource load. A resource overload cannot occur.

Infinite Scheduling
A detailed scheduling strategy with which you schedule orders and operations, without taking
into account the existing resource load. It is therefore possible for resource overloads to occur.

R/3 does planning without consideration for capacity situations. So if MRP says you need 500
parts on 3/1/04, it schedules them all to be built at the same time, even though you can only do
100 at a time. Assume you have a fixed lot size of 100, you'll get 5 planned orders for 100 to
start on the same day. This is "Infinite Planning". APO would recognize that constraint, and
instead schedule out the 5 orders over time. The important part of that is that it also will schedule
out the deliveries of the components for 5 different days. This is "Finite Planning".

Now, assume old fashion MRP. It schedules all 5 orders for the same day, and the buyers go out
an get all of the components for the same day. Then the planner realizes he can't do all 5, and
manually changes the schedule, and manually spreads out the 5 orders. The buyers will recieve
rescheduling notifications, but not until the scheduler does the manual rescheduling.
You could call this "Infinite Scheduling", but that only means the same thing as Infinite
Planning.

But, SAP has "Capacity Leveling". What that means is you run another program after MRP
(CM27 and CM28), which can be run in batch mode overnight. (There is a ton of configuration
and thinking that will be required to do this!). The capacity leveling program will recognize the
constrant at the work center level, and fill up the first day, then re-schedule the next
order to the next available capacity, then the next order searches for available capacity, and so
on. This is called "Finite Scheduling". The problem with this is the opposite of Infinite Planning,
which is it doesn't take Material availablity into consideration! The system will re-schedule a
production order without thinking about whether the materials will be available
or not.

Finite Planning does Finite Scheduling at the same time. If there is no capacity available on the
desired date, the system looks for when capacity IS available. Then it stops to see if Materials
will also be available (usually based on the lead-time for those components). If there is a material
problem, then the system figures out when the materials WILL be available, and then
checks to see if capacity is available on THAT day, and if so, it blocks off capacity, and allocates
the materials for that day.

What Is Mean By Schedule Lines

What is mean by schedule lines?
Explain the schedule lines in md02?

1. no schedule lines
2. schedule lines in opening period
3. schedule lines

Schedule lines are created against schedule agreements. Say if you have a material which is
procured from subcontract. If you want the delivery in particular days with schedule you can
maintain schedule agreeement. In source list you will maintain vendor, schedule agreeement with
validity dates and which agreement is relevant for mrp.

If you maintain 2 against the sch agreemetn mrp will generate schedule line which you can see in
md04. Also this delivery schedules are updated in scheduling agreement (t cod ME33). When
running mrp in initial screen delivery schedules--you have to maintain 3 create schedule line

Schedule line in opening period - Opening period is maintained in Configuration of "Schedule

Margin Key" which is getting assigned to Material master in MRP2 view.

Your understanding of the result after MRP is needed.

Define Floats (Scheduling Margin Key)

In this step, you specify the floats for determining the basic dates of the planned orders. The
floats are allocated to the material via the release period key in the material master record.

Opening period

The opening period represents the number of workdays that are subtracted from the order start
date in order to determine the order creation date. This time is used by the MRP controller as a
float for converting planned orders into purchase requisitions or into production orders.

Float before production

The float before production represents the number of workdays that are planned as a float
between the order start date (planned start date) and the production start date (target start date).
On the one hand, this float is intended to guarantee that delays in staging a material do not delay
the production start. On the other hand, the production dates can be brought forward by means of
the float to cope with capacity bottlenecks.

Float after production

The float after production should provide a float for the production process to cope with any
disruptions so that there is no danger that the planned finish date will be exceeded. You plan the
float after production between order finish date (planned finish date) and scheduled end (target
finish date).
Release period

The release period represents the number of workdays that are subtracted from the order start
date in order to determine the production order release. The release period is only relevant for
production order management. Recommendation

The opening period should reflect the processing time the MRP controller needs to convert
planned orders into purchase requisitions or production orders. The opening period should be at
least as long as the interval between two MRP intervals, so that all planned orders can be taken
into account during the conversion. *-- Dhananjay

What are the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?

Basic Scheduling

1. Separate Scheduling for planned orders

2. Exact to days
3. Basic dates are calculated (Order start date opening date and finish date) opening date is a date
in future were that planned order should be converted to production order
4. No calculation of Capacity requirements

Lead time scheduling

1. Used for production orders and Routing

2. Exact to seconds
3. Targets dates are calculated
4. Capacity requirements are calculated
5. In house production time and float before production and float after production time is taken
(schedule margin key)
6. Lead time scheduling is calculate using time from routing
7. With in Lead time Scheduling there are two type of scheduling
- Back ward Scheduling
- Forward Scheduling
8. Customizing setting for lead time scheduling is - go for IMG activity and there “
Define scheduling parameters for planned orders”

When do planning in MRP with single–item, multi-level planning in the initial screen and in that
if you go to MRP Control Parameters and then to scheduling if you
Select = 1 (basic dates will be determined for Planned Orders)
Select = 2 (lead time scheduling and Capacity Planning)

Please note when you do lead time scheduling you need to maintain:
1. Queue time
2. Wait time
3. Setup time
4. Operation time
5. Teardown time
and also you need to maintain in-house production time in material master.

What Is Work Scheduling

Explain briefly about work scheduling and use of Forward and backward scheduling?

A routing can be scheduled using the following scheduling types:

Forward scheduling: The system schedules forward starting from the basic start date.

Backward scheduling: The system schedules backward starting from the basic finish date.

"Today" scheduling: The system carries out forward scheduling using the current date as a
basic start date.

No scheduling: The individual operations are not scheduled.

Based on the floats before and after production, the system calculates the scheduled start and
finish and enters these dates in all operations.

The scheduling type determines which basic dates you have to enter. The following table shows
the dates you must enter for the individual scheduling types as well as the dates that are then
calculated using scheduling.

If you enter both basic dates, the system will make sure that the dates determined using forward
or backward scheduling are within the specified period. If necessary, it will apply reduction
measures.

Example Data

Material shortage date

01.08 (Friday)

Planned delivery time of the material

10 days (calendar days)

Processing time for purchasing

1 day (workdays)

Goods receipt processing time

2 days (workdays)

Opening period
10 days (workdays)
Workdays = Monday to Friday, no bank holiday Scheduling

Material shortage date plus processing time for purchasing plan plus planned delivery time =
delivery date 01.08. (Friday) plus 1 workday + 10 calendar days = 14.08. (Thursday)

Delivery date plus goods receipt processing time =

availability date 14.08. (Thursday) plus 2 workdays = 18.08. (Monday)

Purchase Requisition Release Date

Specifies the date on which the purchase order should be initiated on the basis of the purchase requisition.

The release date is based on:

 The purchasing department processing time defined for the plant

 The planned delivery time from the material master record or purchasing info record

 The delivery date

 The goods receipt processing time from the material master record

Note

The planned delivery time from the purchasing info record and the GR processing time are only taken into account if
the purchase requisition was generated via materials planning.

Example
Processing time Planned del. GR processing
Purchasing time time

|----------|---------------------|--------|

Release PO Delivery Date

date date date required

Date required: 01.10.2007

GR processing time: 2 days (working days)
Planned delivery time: 10 days (calendar days)
Purchasing dept processing time: 2 days (working days)

For the material to be available on the date it is needed, the purchase requisition must be released on 13.09.2007
(requirement date less GR processing time, planned delivery time, and purchasing department processing time).
===========================================================

Basic start date

Use
Earliest date for the execution of the production order. This date takes into account the float before production.

 If, on order creation, a planned order exists for the production order or process order, then the order dates
are taken from the planned order. When scheduling the production order the system tries to adhere to the
order dates (if necessary, with reduction measures).

If it is not possible to adhere to the basic dates and if the control parameter in Customizing allows the basic
dates to be adjusted, the system adjusts the basic dates of the order during the scheduling run.
If the control parameter in Customizing does not allow the basic dates to be adjusted, the order keeps the
basic dates of the planned order.

 If the production order is created manually, you must enter at least one order date manually.

The scheduling type determines, which order dates you must enter.

Examples
 If the system schedules forwards, you must enter the order start date.

 If the system schedules backwards, you must enter the order finish date.

 If the system does not schedule the order, you must enter both the order start date and the order finish date.

Scheduled start

Use
Start date for the execution of the production order.

You can either

 let the system determine this date using lead time scheduling, or

 enter the date as a fixed date on the header screen of the production order.

Actual start date

Actual start date
Use
Date on which production started.

The system automatically sets this date, as soon as the first operation is confirmed.

Basic finish date

Date on which the required quantity of the material is available (that is, the requirements date of the material).

 If, on order creation, a planned order exists for the production order/ process order, the basic dates are
copied from the planned order.

 If no planned order exists on order creation, you must specify at least one basic date.

The scheduling type determines the basic dates that you must specify.

Dependencies
The order finish date is accurate to the day. However, for scheduling, production requires a completion date that also
specifies the time. To ensure that the material to be manufactured is available on the order finish date, the completion
date must be before 00:00 hours on the order finish date.

If, however, an in-house production time of 0 days is maintained in the material master, an exception is made to
this rule. In this case, it is assumed that the material can be manufactured in a single workday. The completion date
is then before 24:00 hours on the order finish date.

Example
The last operation of an order was completed on Thursday at 5 pm (17:00 hours). No float after production was
maintained for the order.

 If an in-house production time greater than 0 days is maintained in the material master record, the order
finish date is Friday.

 If an in-house production time of 0 days is maintained in the material master record, the order finish date is
Thursday

Scheduled finish
Scheduled finish date

Finish date for the execution of the order.

Procedure
You can either

 let the system determine this date using lead time scheduling, or
  enter the date as a fixed date on the header screen of the order.

Definition: lead time scheduling

Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP)

A function that calculates production dates and creates capacity requirements.

 Lead time scheduling using the routing

Lead time scheduling is performed using the routing. In this case, it calculates the start and finish dates and
times of the operations.

 Lead time scheduling using the material master

In MRP, lead time scheduling can be performed using the times specified in the material master. In this
case, it calculates the production start and finish dates, but does not calculate capacity requirements.

Return ->

Scheduling Margin Key for Floats

Key that the system uses to determine the floats required for scheduling an order. You define the following floats with
the scheduling margin key:

 opening period

 float after production (only in the case of in-house production)

 float before production (only in the case of in-house production)

 release period (only in the case of production order management)

Definition: opening period for planned order

Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP)

The number of working days between the date that the order is created and the planned start date.

This time is available for the MRP controller to convert a planned order into a purchase requisition or a production
order.

Return ->
Definition: opening_period_for_planned_order

Definition: float after production

Capacity Requirements Planning (PP-CRP)

The number of working days between the scheduled finish date and the order finish date; used as a float in
production scheduling.

Definition: float before production

Capacity Requirements Planning (PP-CRP)

The number of working days between the order start date and the scheduled start date; used as a float in production
scheduling.

Return ->
Definition: float_before_production

Definition: release period

Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP)

The number of workdays between the planned start date of the production order and the date for releasing the order.

If the order release indicator is set, the production order is released by a background program that takes all dates into
account.

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Definition: release_period

Scheduling type
Key which specifies the scheduling type for detailed scheduling.

Note
With production-rate and rough-cut scheduling backward scheduling is always used.

Use
Via the scheduling type you can control, how the production order should be scheduled (for example forward,
backward).

Dependencies
The scheduling type determines, which dates you must enter:

 If the system schedules forward, you must enter the order start date.

 If you schedule backward, you must enter the order finish date.

Definition: lead time

Production Planning and Control (PP)

The period, at operation level, between the earliest start and the latest finish of an operation and at order level the
period between the order start date and the order finish date.

The lead time of an operation is made up of queue time, execution time, and wait time.

The lead time of an order is made up of execution times, interoperation times, and order floats before and after
production.

Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (SCM-APO-PPS)

Time span between the start date of the first activity in an order and the finish date of the last activity in that order.

Market Risk Analysis (IS-B-RA-MR)

Contractually agreed period of time between the buyer's notification of his/her wish to exercise the option, and the
actual exercising of a Bermuda option.

Shopping cart (SRM-EBP-SHP)

Time span in days between creation of a shopping cart and the delivery date. This time is made up of the delivery
time of a vendor (possibly detailed in a catalog) and the processing time in Enterprise Buyer up until output of the
purchase order.

Inventory Monitor (SCM-ICH-IMO)

Expected time interval between the shipping of a delivery in the ship-from location and the expected time of arrival at
the customer location.

The lead time equals the transportation duration of a means of transport that you have assigned to the transportation
lane between the ship-from location and the customer location.

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Definition: standard task list

Logistics - General (LO)

Describes the worksteps necessary to produce a material or perform an activity without reference to an order.

Essential objects of a task list are header, operations, material component allocations, production resources/tools and
inspection characteristics.

Together with specific dates and quantities, task list data forms an important part of the order.

The following task list types exist in the R/3 System:

 routing

 reference operation set

  rate routing

 reference rate routing

 inspection plan

 maintenance task list

 standard network

 master recipe

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Definition: standard_task_list

Definition: sequence

Collateral Management System (FS-CMS)

The order in which several assets are assigned to one collateral agreement.

Production Planning and Control (PP)

A sequence of operations sorted according to operation number.

Using sequences, you can create structures in the routing, that are similar to networks but less complex. Sequence
categories in routings are:

 Standard

 Alternative

 Parallel

ABAP Runtime Environment (BC-ABA)

Control structure made up of a statement block that is not defined with keywords and is executed only once
without conditions.

Logistics Basic Data (LO-MD)

Order of activities in a process structure.

Financial Services (CRM-IFS)

Several objects or sub-objects can be assigned to a collateral agreement. The sequence describes in which order the
objects are to be utilized in a fictitious liquidation.

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Definition: sequence
Definition: routing

Travel Management (FI-TV)

Allows you to define certain flight itineraries to which an enterprise-specific airfare rate or discount applies.

Production Planning and Control (PP)

A routing type that defines one or more sequences of operations for the production of a material.

To reduce the effort of entering data in a routing, you can reference or copy reference operation sets as many times
as required and in any sequence.

Production Planning and Control (PP)

A description of the production process used to manufacture plant materials or provide services in the manufacturing
industry.

Business Connector (BC-MID-BUS)

Procedure that uses routing rules to determine the receiver of a message.

Master Data Management (MDM)

Recipient determination for the distribution of master data.

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