Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman has been mentioned a few times and is
definitely worth reading to realise that we humans aren't as rational as we think
we are. For the opposing viewpoint, you may want to check out Ecological
Rationality by Gerd Gigerenzer, which contains papers discussing the importance and
even comparative advantage of fast and frugal heuristics.
The Stuff of Thought by Steven Pinker is a great read as well. It explains how the
way we use language sheds light on the workings of our minds, and consequently our
social relations as well.
This Will Make You Smarter by John Brockman contains short essays from top
intellectuals around the world on important concepts. They are all available to
read online here
http://edge.org/annual-question/what-scientific-concept-would-improve-everybodys-
cognitive-toolkit
In the same vein is Daniel Dennett's latest, Intuition Pumps And Other Tools for
Thinking, where Uncle Dan outlines some general thinking tools, and then a guided
tour through his philosophical career with tools for thinking about meaning,
evolution, consciousness, and free will.
For a quick survey of philosophical problems, check out Just the Arguments by
Michael Bruce and Steven Barbone, which contains 100 arguments in the areas of
religion, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, mind, science, and language. Of
course, it helps to have a good foundation in logical thinking, so if you're unsure
check out some introductory guides to logic. A good catalogue of fallacies is How
to Win Every Argument by Madsen Pirie, although you could just as well plough
through the Wikipedia List of fallacies.
So what are the things that reason can never tell us about? Check out The Outer
Limits of Reason by Noson Yanofsky for a guided tour through paradoxes and
insoluble problems in logic, mathematics, and science.
Quite a few books by Nassim Taleb have already been mentioned, and I would just
like to add his latest work Antifragile to the list, as it gives us a new way of
thinking about and acting in the face of uncertainty in a whole range of domains.
And if you want to know what can and cannot be forecasted and how to go about it,
read The Signal and the Noise by Nate Silver.
A classic that is still relevant today is Metamagical Themas by Douglas Hofstadter.
The book discusses almost everything, including alphabets, sentences, language,
nonsense, art, mathematics, Rubik's cubes, programming, cognitive science, law, and
game theory. Everything is tied together by the theme of self-reference and
reflexivity, making this a great book for learning to see the connections between
seemingly unrelated things in the world.