CHAPTER SEVEN

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE

The project will involve the construction of approximately 46km of rail between the existing
train stations of Osogbo and Ile-ife. The project will result in a new two track rail with much
higher efficiency than a single track rail.

This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) sets out the environmental issues that will be
encountered by the project and contains clear commitments to manage these issues. It is a
written description of proposed measures to be implemented to help achieve and maintain
acceptable levels of the environmental impacts identified in the EIS and a tool to help
meet the requirements of relevant legislation and best practice environmental management.

The purpose of this EMP is to identify all potential environmental impacts and mitigation
measures together with corrective action if an undesirable impact or unforeseen level of
impact occurs. The aims of the EMP are to:

 Provide auditable proponent commitments to practical and achievable plans for the
management of the project such that environmental requirements are complied with.
 Produce an integrated planning framework, which provides for comprehensive monitoring
and control of construction and operational impacts.
 Provide the community with evidence of the management of the project in an
environmentally acceptable manner.

It is anticipated that the primary users of this EMP will be the Principal (or proponent), the
design consultant, the construction contractors and maintenance contractors. All the
requirements for the construction and maintenance contractors stemming from the EIS, the
EMP and the detailed design process will be incorporated within the drawings and contract
specifications produced by the Principal and the design consultant.
7.2 THE EMP CRITERIA

The criteria that were considered during this Environmental management plan include:

 ISO 14001 2004 (Environmental Management Systems Standards);

 National Environmental Laws, Regulations and Standards enforced in Nigeria;
 National Guidelines for Environmental Auditing in Nigeria;
 International Agreements such as Conventions, Protocols and Treaties which have been
ratified by Federal Government of Nigeria.

7.3 ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Specific statues guiding the implementation of this EPM include:

7.3.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment

The Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) presently subsumes into the Federal
Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) was instituted by Act 58 of 1988 and subsequently
amended through Act 59 of 1992. The body is charged/empowered with the overall
responsibility of environmental matters in Nigeria. The Federal Government of Nigeria
created the Federal Ministry of Environment in 1999 in order to tackle the numerous
environmental problems facing the country. The primary mandate of the Ministry is to achieve
environment objectives as enunciated in section 20 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Nigeria.

The basic idea is to protect and improve water, air, land, forest, and wildlife of Nigeria. The
immediate policy thrust of the Ministry of Guided by the Environmental Agenda known as the
Environmental Renewal Development Initiative (ERDI). The primary objectives of the ERDI
are to take full inventory of our natural resources, assess the level of environmental damage,
design and implement restoration and rejuvenation of resources; and evolve and implement
measures to halt further degradation of the environment. The broad responsibility of the
Ministry as elaborated in the National Environmental Policy is to coordinate environmental
protection and natural resources for sustainable development, and specifically to:

 Secure a quality environment adequate for good health and well-being.

 Conserve and use the environment and natural resources for benefit of present and future
generations.
 Restore, maintain and enhance the ecosystem as well as ecological processes essential for
the functioning of the principle of optimum sustainable yield in the use of living natural
resources and ecosystem.
 Raise public awareness as well as promote understanding of the essential linkages between
the environment and development, encourage individual and community participation in
environmental improvement effort and
 Co-operate in good faith with other countries, International Organizations and agencies to
archived optimal use of trans-boundary natural resources and effective prevention or
abatement trans-boundary environment degradation (Adamu, 2000).

The ministry’s driving philosophy is achieving of the following principles:

 The precautionary Approach which holds that, where there are threats of services or
irreversible damage, the lack of full scientific knowledge shall not be used as a reason for
postponing cost-effective means to prevent environmental degradation;

 The Polluter Pays Principle(PPP) which requires that the polluter should bear the cost of
preventing and controlling pollution;
 The User Pays Principle (UPP) which entails that the cost of the resource to a user must
include all the environmental cost associated with its extraction, transformation and use
(including the cost of alternative or future uses forgone);

 The Principle of Inter-generational Equity which requires that the need of the present
generation are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs;
 The Principle of Intra-generational Equity which requires that different groups of people
within the Country and within the present generation have the right to benefit equally from
the exploitation of resources and that they have an equal right to a clean and healthy
environment;
 Clean Development and Production Principle which advocates the best use of a practicable
and affordable environment friendly technology;
 The Principle of Public Participation which requires that all stakeholders and interest
groups must be involved in the decision making processes.
The Ministry has special initiatives and action to combat environmental degradation with the
aim of greening the Nigerian environment for sustainable economic development in form of
strategies, programmes, which include: deforestation, and desegregation control, drought and
desertification control; erosion, flood and coastal zone management; pollution, and waste
management; environmental sanitation activities, combating climate change; environmental
assessment activities, among others.

It has developed instrument of intervention in form of policies, standards, guidelines,

regulations and programmes to halt environmental degradation. With the initiation of these
instruments, enforcement by FMEnv has become the most effective tool to bring industries
and regulated communities into compliance through compliance monitoring. The relevant
policies, guidelines and regulations of the Ministry are outlined thus:

7.3.2 National Policy on Environment

The National Policy on Environment of 1989 (revised 1999) provides for “a viable National
mechanism for co-operation, co-ordination and regular consultation, as well as harmonious
management of the policy formulation and implementation process, which requires the
establishment of effective institutions and linkage within and among the various tiers of
Governments – “Federal, State and Local Governments”. Prior to the launching of this policy,
there was no unified co-ordination of activities in the 3-tiers of Government responsible for
the environment.

The thrust of the policy is the achievement of sustainable development in Nigeria. Guidelines
and strategies are therefore defined for:

 Securing for all Nigerians the quality of environment adequate for their health and well-
being;
 Conserving and using the natural resources for the benefit of present and future
generations;
 Restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecosystem and ecological processes essential
for the preservation of biological diversity;
 Raising public awareness and promoting understanding of the essential linkages between
the environment, resources and development; and
 Co-operation with other countries, International Organizations and agencies to achieve
optimal use of trans-boundary in order to prevent environmental disaster.

Furthermore, the defined guidelines and strategies provide for the effective management of
the environment in the following major sectors in relation to industrial development and state
of the nation’s economy. They include:

 Human Population
 Land use and Soil Conservation
 Water Resources Management
 Forestry, Wildlife and Protected areas
 Marine and Coastal Area Resources
 Toxic and Hazardous Substances
 Agricultural Chemicals
 Energy Production and Uses
 Air Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Working Environment (Occupational Health and Safety) and
 Settlement/Recreational Space

7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND

RESPONSIBILITIES

All personnel involved in the project have an obligation to observe due diligence with respect
to all aspects of environmental management. The parties responsible for the environmental
management of the project are defined as follows:

 The Principal - the Ministry of Transportation or its agents in delivering the project.
 The Design consultant - anyone engaged by the Principal to undertake any aspects of the
design of the transport system and includes sub-consultants and the Ministry of
Transportation staff.
 The Construction contractor - anyone engaged by the Principal to undertake any aspects
of construction of the transport system and includes private contractors and public
workforce.
 The Maintenance contractor - anyone engaged by the Principal to undertake any aspect of
maintenance of the transport system and includes private contractors and public
workforce.

The particular responsibilities of the various parties are shown below in Table 4.1

PARTIES RESPONSIBILITIES
The Principal The primary responsibility for environmental performance and for
(or implementing the EMP for the rail construction rests with the Principal.
Proponent) Specific responsibilities with regard to environmental management
include:
 Review of the relevance of the EMP and its effectiveness in helping
meeting the project’s environmental responsibilities.
 Minimisation of the potential environmental impacts associated with
the project.
 Addressing issues raised by the community.
 Coordinating acquisition requirements and processes, compensation
arrangements, likely timetable and notification to affected property
owners.
 Management of the tender documents for design, construction and
maintenance and incorporating the requirements for complying with the
EMP.
 Obtaining various permits and licenses required by any relevant
legislation.
The Design The design consultant has the responsibility of ensuring that the
consultant requirements of the EMP are reflected in their
designs and in the contract documentation including specifications and
drawings.
The Notwithstanding any other conditions that may be required by the Principal
Construction or a government authority, the construction contractor will be responsible
contractor for:
 Developing, implementing and complying with a Construction EMP,
which is consistent with the content of this EMP.
  Complying with all the environmental provisions of the Construction
Contract.
 Obtaining any and all licences and approvals under the Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) Act 58 of 1988 subsequently
amended through Act 59 of 1992.
 Complying with all licences and approvals under the Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) Act 58 of 1988 subsequently
amended through Act 59 of 1992 and any other relevant
legislation.
The Notwithstanding any other conditions that may be required by the Principal
Maintenance or a government authority, the maintenance contractor will be responsible
contractor for:
 Developing, implementing and complying with a Maintenance EMP,
which is consistent with the content of this EMP.
 Complying with all the environmental provisions of the Maintenance
Contract.
 Obtaining any and all licences and approvals under Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) Act 58 of 1988 subsequently
amended through Act 59 of 1992.
 Complying with all licences and approvals under the Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) Act 58 of 1988 subsequently
amended through Act 59 of 1992 any other relevant
legislation.
 Documentation of all monitoring and maintenance procedures
undertaken.
.

Table 4.1 Responsibilities of parties with regards to implementation of EMP

7.5 REPORTING
This EMP will be controlled by the Principal and provided to the design consultant, the
construction contractor and the maintenance contractor at the relevant stages of the project.

A copy of the EMP will be kept on-site and be easily obtainable at all times during construction
and operation. During the construction works, the project manager would hold an additional
copy. A copy of this EMP should be kept by the Principal and issued as standard information
to any consultants or contractors employed on the project.

7.6 TRAINING

The EMP outlines the required measures to be undertaken to prevent harm to the environment
during project works. In order for these measures to be implemented effectively, staff,
contractors and subcontractors will need to be made aware of the existence of the EMP and its
requirements. This applies to personnel involved in the design, construction and maintenance
/ operation phases of the project.

Prior to the commencement of works on the site, staff will be required to undergo induction
training outlining all aspects of:

 Safety and security

 Responsibilities on-site
 Housekeeping in relation to the construction compound
 Equipment operation
 First aid
 Work procedures
 Awareness of the EMP and its importance
 Content of the EMP and the benefits of compliance
 The role of personnel in the implementation of the EMP and
consequences for non-compliance
 Emergency responses for environmental management issues.